Objective To evaluate the reliability and validity of the Chinese version of A Tool to Assess Quality of Life in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (ATAQ-IPF), and discuss the applicability of this tool among interstitial lung disease (ILD) patients. Methods 128 patients with ILD were selected from the respiratory department of Peking Union Medical College Hospital, and a convenient sampling method was adopted. Test-retest reliability cofficient, Cronbach αinternal consistency, content validity, criterion related validity were used to evaluate the reliability and validity of the Chinese version of ATAQ-IPF. Results Among first 15 recruited patients, the localized ATAQ-IPF had good test-retest reliability, the intraclass correlation coefficient(ICC) calculation was 0.95 (P<0.05). The evaluation of all 128 patients showed excellent internal consistency with the Cronbach α was 0.96,Cronbach α values of each dimension were 0.60-0.93. The scale level content validity index (S-CVI) was 0.80;The item level content validity index (I-CVI)were 0.78-1.00,which proved good validity. The score between the Chinese version of ATAQ-IPF and St. George Respiratory Questionnaire(SGRQ) showed a significant correlation (r=0.69, P<0.01). Criterion related validity was good. 128 patients were grouped according to the entity and the degree of dyspnea,evaluated the quality of life. There was a significant difference between idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and non-IPF patients(t=2.99, P < 0.01).Also the differences between different degrees of dyspnea were statistically significant(t=16.05, P<0.01). Conclusions The Chinese version of ATAQ-IPF retains good reliability and validity, and is qualified to assess the quality of life among ILD patients.

Objective To compare the safety and immunogenicity between domestic and imported,imported and imported split influenza virus vaccine in Chinese population. Methods The published studies during January 1996 and June 2008 on the comparison between split influenza virus vaccine were screened and evaluated.The meta analysis was performed on safety and immunogenicity using fixed model or random model according the heterogeneity of the studies. Results 12 studies which were all random controlled trials between split vaccine were included.10 trials were between domestic and imported vaccine,and 2 trials were between imported and imported vaccine.For 10 domestic and imported vaccine trials,the local reaction pooled OR=0.81,95% CI (0.59,1.11);the systemic reaction the pooled OR=0.78,95% CI (0.50,1.03);the H1N1 subtype seroconversion pooled OR= 0.94,95% CI (0.78,1.14);the H3N2 subtype seroconversion pooled OR =1.01,95% CI (0.87,1.17);the B type seroconversion total OR= 1.35,95% CI (0.98,1.85).For 2 imported and imported vaccine trials,the local reaction pooled OR = 1.19,95% CI (0.60,2.37);the systemic reaction the pooled OR =1.15,95% CI (0.71,1.87);the H1N1 subtype seroconversion pooled OR= 1.27,95% CI (0.37,4.37);the H3N2 subtype seroconversion pooled OR= 1.29,95% CI (0.39,4.33);the B type seroconversion pooled OR= 0.95,95% CI (0.46,1.37). Conclusions There were no statistical difference on the safety and immunogenicity between domestic and imported,imported and imported split influenza vaccine in Chinese population.

ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of hippocampal CA3 dopaminergic system in acquisition and consolidation of Pavlovian fear conditioning,and expression of GluR1 and NR2B in medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC),CA1 and basolateral amygdala (BLA) after fear conditioning training.MethodsBilateral injection 6-OHDA into hippocampal CA3 to lesion dopaminergic fibers 2 weeks before fear conditioning training.The change of GluR1 and NR2B were analyzed by western blot after training.ResultsCompared with the saline group ( (66.44 ± 16.58)％ ),there were significant decreases ( (39.24 ± 12.83)％,(31.15 ±6.51 )％ ) in the consolidation of short- and long- term fear memory (P ＜ 0.05 ) but not the acquisition ( ( 65.58 ± 5.33 ) ％,P ＞ 0.05).The expression of GluR1 protein was significantly increased in BLA (P＜0.01 ) but not the mPFC or hippocampal CA1 (P＞1.05 ),compared with the saline group.In addition,the expression of NR2B protein was significantly increased in the mPFC and decreased in BLA (P＜0.01) but not the hippocampal CA1 (P＞0.05),compared with the saline group.ConclusionDown-regulation of dopaminergic system in hippocampal CA3 may impair the consolidation but not the acquisition of fear memory,and also regulate the expression of GluR1,NR2B protein related to fear memory in other brain regions.

Objective:To investigate the stress distribution of mandibular implant-supported complete overdenture and supporting tissue with different location of implants.Methods:By three-dimentional finite element method, the stress distribution in the supporting tissue and overdenture supported by implants located in the interforaminal region or bilateral canines and first molars area was analyzed.Results:The overdenture supported by implants located in the interforaminal region showed poor oblique loading resistance, the peak value of stress in implant-bone interface was 2.4-9.2 times higher than that of vertial loading. Under vertical or oblique loading conditions, there was higher stress concentration in implants and base plates. The overdenture supported by implants located in bilateral canions and first molars area manifested better mechanical characteristic, the peak value of stress in supporting tissue was in the physiological range of bone.Conclusion:The location of implants in molar area can enhance the ability of overdenture to resist oblique loading, reduce the peak value of stress in implant-bone interface.

Objective To explore the effect of appreciation intervention on anxiety and complications in patients with renal biopsy. Methods A total of 197 cases of renal biopsy patients were divided into the control group (n=96) and the observation group (n=101). The observation group was given comprehensive nursing intervention with appreciation, the control group was only given comprehensive nursing care, the two groups were evaluated with Zung Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) upon admission and 1 week after puncture. Results After intervention, the SAS score of the observation group was 30.87 ± 4.52, and the SAS score of the control group was 32.32 ± 3.72, and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (t=2.45,P<0.05). Totally 97 patients in the observation group and 78 cases in the control group received bed urination exercises, and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (χ2=9.412,P<0.01). The complications of two groups were collected, the complications in the observation group were 27 cases, and the complications in the control group were 50 cases, the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (χ2=13.285,P<0.01). Among the postoperative complications, 8 of the patients in the observation group had urinary retention, and 19 of the control group had urinary retention (t=2.446,P=0.015). In the observation group, 3 cases had abdominal distention, and 10 cases in the control group suffered from abdominal distension (t=2.117, P=0.035). In the observation group, 1 case had low back pain, and 6 cases in the control group suffered from lumbago (t=2.004, P=0.047); the difference was statistically significant. Conclusions Appreciate intervention for patients with renal puncture biopsy has a positive impact on the bed urination exercise in puncture before surgery. It can alleviate the anxiety of patients received renal biopsy, reduce urinary retention, abdominal distension and pain complications, and improve bedridden experience.

Objective To investigate the role of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) compounded with bioprotein gel (Bg) in repair of knee articular cartilage defects of rabbits.Methods Bilateral femoral condylar cartilage defect models (3.5 mm in diameter and 3 mm in depth) were established in 36 healthy New Zealand rabbits.Animals were divided into three groups of 12 rabbits each according to the random number table:BMSCs-Bg group,Bg group and blank control group.Effect of repair was evaluated by anatomic observation and histological examination at 4,8,12 and 16 weeks after operation and by articular cartilage histological hemi-quantitative scoring system.Results Hyaline-like cartilage was noted in BMSCs-Bg group at 4 weeks postoperatively,got close to the normal at 8 and 12 weeks and showed no disintegration at 16 weeks.Only fibrous tissue or fibrocartilage was observed in other 2 groups.In BMSCs-Bg group histology scores were (4.5 ± 0.1) points,(4.9 ± 0.1) points,(5.5 ± 0.1) points,and (6.2 ± 0.1) points respectively at 4,8,12 and 16 weeks,higher than those in other 2 groups (P ＜ 0.05).Besides,the histology scores were higher in Bg group than in blank control group but the differences were insignificant.Conclusion BMSCs-Bg compound can well repair the articular cartilage defect in a short-term period,when Bg contributes to cartilage generation as a good cell carrier.

AIM:To prepare a compound as the chemical reference substance of Guangjinqiancao Zonghuangtong Capsule.METHODS:To apply general column chromatography combined with preparative HPLC to isolate the target compound,to use analytic HPLC to determine the purity,stability and its content in the capsule,and to employ spectroscopic analysis (UV,IR,ESI-MS,1H-NMR,13C-NMR,DEPT,1H-13CCOSY,1H-1HCOSY,1DHOHAHA.1D.NOE,HMBC) to elucidate the structure of the isolated compound.RESULTS:The obtained compound was identified as isoschaftoside with the purity of over 99%, which was stable within 3 months at ambient temperature.As for isosehaftoside solution.it was stable within 8 h at ambient temperature.Its content in the capsule was above 3.0%.CONCLUSION:Isoschaftoside is a qualified reference substance for analytic assay ofGuangjinqiancao Zonghuangtong Capsule,and can be isolated from Desmodium styracifolium(Osb.)Merr.

BACKGROUND:Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s can repair intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injuny by interfering inflammatory reactions after intestinal ischemia-reperfusion to protect intestinal barrier functions. In recent years, umbilical cord blood mesenchymal stem cel s are gradual y used as a substitute source of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effects of umbilical cord blood mesenchymal stem cel s on acute intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury. METHODS:Umbilical cord blood mesenchymal stem cel s were induced, isolated in vitro and tracked by CM-DiI fluorescent labeling. Sixty-three Sprague-Dawley rats were equivalently randomized into three groups:control group received normal saline enema, intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury group with ethanol diluted trinitro-benzene-sulfonic acid and transplantation group administrated with 1×1010/L umbilical cord blood mesenchymal stem cel suspension via the tail vein at 1 hour after trinitro-benzene-sulfonic acid modeling. At 3 days after transplantation, colon tissues were removed in each group to observe pathological changes of the intestinal tract by hematoxylin-eosin staining. Besides, expression of leptin mRNA in the colon tissues and cyclooxygenase-2 in the mucosa were detected by RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry method, respectively. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Transplanted umbilical cord blood mesenchymal stem cel s distributed in the intestinal lymphoid tissue and among glandular epithelial cel s, suggesting that these stem cel s might be involved in the process of intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury repair. Compared with the control group, intestinal injury in the injury group was significantly aggravated, and most intestinal epithelial cel s shed;and the transplantation group appeared to have significantly reduced intestinal damage and significantly less cel shedding. Expression of leptin mRNA was significantly higher in the injury group than the transplantation group fol owed by the control group, and there were significant differences among the three groups (P<0.05). Additional y, expression of cyclooxygenase-2 in the injury group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P<0.05);compared with the injury group, expression of cyclooxygenase-2 was significantly lower in the transplantation group (P<0.05). To conclude, leptin and cyclooxygenase-2 may be involved in acute intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury, and umbilical cord blood mesenchymal stem cel transplantation significantly lessens intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury, which provides an experimental basis for human treating acute intestinal ischemic injury.

Aim: To evaluate the safety of glufosfamide in Beagle dogs. Methods: The safety of glufosfamide in Beagle dogs following single iv and multiple iv administration for 3 months was observed. Results: The minimum lethal dose of glufosfamide was 100 mg/kg. The maximum non-lethal dose of glufosfamide was 50 mg/kg. The approximate lethal dose of glufosfamide was 75-100 mg/kg. No serious adverse reactions was observed in Beagle dogs following multiple iv administration once a week for 3 months at the dose of 20 mg/kg, 40 mg/kg, and 60 mg/kg. However, organ injury was observed extensively in the high dose-group and mediumt-dose group. The low-dose group showed a light change in individual organs. Conclusion: Under the experimental conditions, 40 mg/kg and 60 mg/kg iv administration once a week for 3 months can lead to extensive organ injury in Beagle dogs, so the dose shouldn't be higher than 20 mg/kg.

Objective To identify a myeloid differentiation factor 88(MyD88)in Oncomelania hupensis,and characterize the role of MyD88 against Schistosoma japonicum infection. Methods The complete cDNA of MyD88 in O. hupensis was ob-tained by using rapid amplification of cDNA ends(RACE),and homologues sequences and conserved domains were aligned and the structure of MyD88 was predicted either. A phylogenetic tree of MyD88 was further constructed with other species. In ad-dition,the mRNA expression level of O. hupensis MyD88 before and after S. japonicum infection was investigated by real-time quantitative PCR(RT-qPCR). Results The cDNA of O. hupensis MyD88 consisted of 1406 bp open reading frame(ORF),en-coding 468 amino acid residues,which contained death domain and Toll/interlrukin-1 receptor(TIR)domain,the typical fea-tures of MyD88 family proteins. The predicted amino acid sequence of O. hupensis MyD88 shared 38%-52%identity with other mollusc. O. hupensis MyD88 was phylogenetically closeted to Biomphalaria glabrata MyD88. The O. hupensis MyD88 existed in all selected tissues and expressed highly in hemocyte,up-regulated after S. japonicum infection in all selected tissues except cephalopodium,especially higher in whole snail and hemocyte. Conclusion MyD88-dependent signaling pathway is present in O. hupensis and plays an important role in innate immune response against S. japonicum infection.