AIM:To investigate the influential factors of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability and to observe the effects of zileuton,a selective 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor (5-LO),on focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (CIRI).METHODS:The right middle cerebral artery of the rat was occluded by inserting a thread through internal carotid artery for 2 h,and then reperfused for 24 h. Zileuton (10,50 mg?kg-1,po) was orally administered 2 h before ischemia and at 0,5,10 h after reperfusion. The permeability of blood brain barrier (BBB) was detected by using Evans blue (EB) as a labelling compound. The degree of cerebral edema was estimated by AutoCAD image analysis software. The mRNA of cysteiny leukotrienes receptor1 (CysLTR1) was detected by RT-PCR. The content of LTB4 in serum was measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The expressions of AQP4 and MMP-9 proteins were measured by immunohistochemical staining method. RESULTS:After middle cerebral artery occlussion 2 h/reperfusion 24 h,the permeability of BBB in the brain tissue of injured side and the brain edema degree were increased. The content of LTB4 in serum was elevated. The expression of CysLTR1 mRNA from the brain tissue of occluded side was enhanced. The expressions of MMP-9 and AQP4 proteins of the ischemia realm and ischemia penumbra (IP) of the infarct focus perimeter were increased. Both 10 and 50 mg?kg-1 doses of zileuton dramatically relieved the BBB permeability destruction and the degree of the brain edema,inhibited the expression of CysLTR1 mRNA in the brain tissue and also reduced the content of LTB4 in serum. The expressions of AQP4 and MMP-9 proteins in the brain tissue were also decreased.CONCLUSION:The permeability of BBB is destroyed after the focal CIRI. The mechanisms of protective effect of zileuton might be attributed to its effects by inhibiting the activation of 5-LO pathways on the brain tissue and circulatory blood,reducing the expressions of AQP4 and MMP-9 proteins of the ischemia and IP realm in the brain tissue.

Objective To analyze the clinical features of,concurrence of allergic diseases in,as well as serum levels of total immunoglobulin E (IgE) and specific IgEs in,232 patients with alopecia areata (AA),and to estimate their relationship.Methods Serum samples were obtained from 232 patients with AA and 110 healthy controls from a health check-up center.Turbidimetric immunoassay and fluorescence-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were performed to measure total IgE and specific IgEs to common antigens in these serum samples,respectively.Statistical analysis was carried out by t test,rank sum test,and chi-square test.Results The patients showed a male/female ratio of 127 ∶ 105 with an average age of (26.4 ± 13.8) years and clinical course of (25.3 ± 42.3) months.Among these patients,89 (38.4％) suffered from severe AA,and 67 (28.9％) reported at least one allergic disease.No significant difference was found in the positive rates of serum total IgE (30.2％ vs.21.8％,P ＞ 0.05),anti-Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus and-Cockroach specific IgEs or the serum levels of antiDermatophagoides pteronyssinus or-Cockroach IgE between the patients and healthy controls.The three most common specific IgEs were anti-Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus IgE (34.1％),anti-Dermatophagoides farinae IgE (31.9％) and anti-Cockroach IgE (22.5％) in patients with AA,whose serum levels were positively correlated with the level of serum total IgE separately.A significant increase was observed in the positive rates and serum levels of anti-Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus and-Cockroach specific IgEs in patients with severe and diffuse AA compared with the healthy controls and patients with mild AA,as well as in those of anti-Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus specific IgE in child patients with AA compared with the healthy controls and adult patients with AA (P ＜ 0.05 or 0.01).Conclusions Dust mite allergy may be not only a pathogenic factor for severe,diffuse and childhood AA,but also a risk factor for early onset and severe type of AA.

Objective:To explore the feasibility, accuracy and reproducibility of a novel, fully automated three-dimensional echocardiography right ventricular(RV) quantification software(3D Anto RV) to evaluate the RV volume and RV ejection fraction (RVEF) using artificial intelligence in patients after heart transplantation (HT) comparing with the gold reference-cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR).Methods:Forty-six patients after HT who were scheduled for echocardiogram at their routine follow-up examinations and also agreed to undergo CMR examination within the following 24 hours in Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology from October 2018 to June 2019 were prospectively included. The right ventricular end-diastolic volume (RVEDV), right ventricular end-systolic volume (RVESV), right ventricular stroke volume (RVSV) and RVEF of HT patients were measured by CMR 3D Auto RV and conventional semi-automated three-dimensional echocardiography RV quantification software (Tomtec 4D RV function 2.0). The results of the 3D Auto RV and conventional semi-automated Tomtec were respectively compared with CMR using paired two-tailed student′s t-tests, Pearson correlation coefficients and Bland-Altman analyses. Results:The feasibility of the 3D Auto RV was 87%.The fully automated analysis realized in 27 (59%) patients by 3D Auto RV and the analysis time required only (12±1)s. The results of the remaining 19 (41%) patients needed manual adjustment and the mean analysis time in manual adjustment was also <2 min that was shorter than the conventional semi-automated three-dimensional echocardiography RV quantification software[(108±15)s vs (160±34)s, P<0.001]. For the results of RV volumes: There were good correlations between the 3D Auto RV and CMR, conventional semi-automated Tomtec and CMR for the measurements of RVEDV, RVESV and RVSV ( r=0.77-0.84, all P<0.001). In addition, compared with CMR, although there were significantly underestimated RV volumes by the 3D Auto RV and conventional semi-automated Tomtec, the negative bias was smaller in the 3D Auto RV than the conventional semi-automated Tomtec. For the results of RVEF: the corresponding RVEF derived from 3D Auto RV and CMR showed an excellent correlation and consistency ( r=0.84, P<0.001; bias=-1.1%, Limit of agreement=-8.1%-6.0%). In addition, the correlations between the manual adjustment by 3D Auto RV and the CMR ( r=0.63-0.72, all P<0.001) was lower than the correlations between the 3D Auto RV and the CMR ( r=0.76-0.82, all P<0.001) for RV volumes and RVEF.Finally, 3D Auto RV had a good reproducibility. Conclusions:The new fully 3D Auto RV quantification software underestimate RV volumes that less than the conventional semi-automated Tomtec. And the 3D Auto RV quantification software can accurately evaluate the RVEF in patients after HT with rapid analysis and higher reproducibility, which may also support the routine adoption of this method during follow-ups of HT patients in the daily clinical workflow.

Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Cytarabine ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Harringtonines ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Induction Chemotherapy ; methods ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute ; drug therapy ; Male ; Middle Aged