0.05);one week after surgery,the fasting blood glucose level showed a sustained and steady downward trend(P0.05).Conclusions Gastric bypass operation has a good therapeutic effect on type 2 diabetes in the non-obese patients,and this therapeutic effect is not dependent on loss of body weight.

Objective To investigate the main causes and risk factors of recurrent retinal detachment (RRD) after silicone oil removal (SOR) in eyes with complex retinal detachment.Methods It was a retrospective case series study.A total of 458 eyes of 455 consecutive patients who underwent pars plana vitrectomy with silicone oil tamponade were recruited in this study.All patients underwent vitrectomy operation.Additionally,they were given heavy water,membrane peeling,retinotomy or partial cutting,intraocular laser photocoagulation or frozen,gas-liquid exchange or direct oil exchange operation accordingly.Ninety-eight eyes with multiple holes,old retinal detachment,hyperplasia and serious traction lesions underwent scleral buckling surgery simultaneously.Intravitreal silicone oil was padded at the end of operation.Cutting,stripping or resection and 360° preventive laser photocoagulation were applied while the epiretinal membrane was found and need treatment during SOR.Holes or suspicious hiatus underwent intraocular laser photocoagulation or cryotherapy during the operation.One week after SOR and during follow-up,the visual acuity,intraocular pressure (IOP),slit lamp microscope,and ophthalmoscope examination were examined with the same technique and methods as preoperation.The eyes were divide into two groups based on the attachment status of retina after SOR,which were reattached group (419 eyes) and redetached group (39 eyes) respectively.The following data were recorded.,the age of patients,ocular axial length,logarithm of minimum angle of resolution (logMAR) best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and IOP before vitrectomy operation and before and after SOR,the number of retinal breaks,the duration of silicone oil filling,the duration of follow-up,and the related factors during vitrectomy operation and SOR.The relation of age,sex,high myopia,the size and location of holes,aphakic eye,proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) C3 level and above,previous history of failed retinal detachment operation,360° preventive laser photocoagulation,assistant scleral buckling surgery,SOR via corneal puncture to RRD after SOR were analyzed.Odds ratio (OR) and its 95％ confidence interval (CI) were calculated for the age ＜40 years old and gender.High myopia,assistant scleral buckling surgery and SOR via corneal puncture were further analyzed by multiple regression equation.Results After SOR operation,the total average logMAR BCVA was 0.86 ± 0.63.The average logMAR BCVA was 0.82 ± 0.59 and 0.99 ± 0.70 respectively for the reattached and redetached groups,which was not statistically different (F=1.559,P＞0.05).The number of high myopia eyes in the reattached and redetached groups were 116 and 22 eyes,respectively,accounted for 27.7 ％ and 56.4 ％,and the difference was statistically significant (x2=13.984,P＜0.01).Three eyes underwent vitrectomy with scleral buckling occured RRD,accounting for 3.1％; while 36 eyes underwent vitrectomy without scleral buckling occured RRD,accounting for 10.0％.The incidence of RRD between them was statistically significant (x2 =4.761,P＜0.05).The incidence of RRD was not retated to the PVR levels before the operation,previous history of failed retinal detachment operation,aphakic eye and preventive laser photocoagulation (OR=1.626,1.699,1.986,0.709; 95％ CI:0.836-3.162,0.832-3.658,0.921-4.279,0.268-1.875; P＞0.05).RRD had a close relation with high myopia and assistant scleral buckling surgery (OR=3.380,0.284; 95％CI:1.733-6.595,0.086-0.944; P＜0.05).The raise of risk derived from SOR via corneal puncture had no statistical significance (OR=2.119; 95％CI:1.043-4.306; P＞0.05).The incidence of RRD after SOR was 8.5％; of which,35.9％ originated from new breaks and 69.2％ were related to new breaks,in contrast,only 5.1％ originated from PVR but 51.3％ were related to PVR.Conclusions High myopia is an independent prognostic risk factor of RRD after SOR.Combined scleral buckling surgery is a protective factor of RRD after SOR.To the well reattached eyes before SOR,the new breaks seems to be the main cause of RRD,wheras PVR was probably a secondary phenomenon.

Objective To retrospectively review the efficacy and side effects of intense pulsed light (IPL) and red light emitting diode (LED) in the treatment of steroid-dependent dermatitis.Methods Seventy patients with steroid-dependent dermatitis mainly manifesting as facial telangiectasis were treated with IPL for an average of 3.49 sessions with a 4-week interval.The energy density of IPL varied from 20 to 23 J/cm2,pulse width from 2.6 to 5.0 ms,and delay from 15 to 20 ms.Meantime,197 patients with steroid-dependent dermatitis,who mainly presented with facial skin sensitivity,were treated with red LED (633 ± 3 nm wave length) twice a week for an average of 4.23 sessions.The energy density of red LED was 128 J/cm2,and the irradiation lasted 20 minutes at each treatment.The efficacy and adverse reactions were assessed and recorded for each treatment.Results The total response rate was 88.57％ for IPL,and 83.76％ for red LED.There was a significant difference in the clinical efficacy between triple-pulse and double-pulse IPL (x2 =8.14,P ＜ 0.05).No severe adverse reaction was observed in any of the patients.Conclusion IPL and red LED are both effective in treating steroid-dependent dermatitis.

To study the effects of Xuesaitong Injection, an extract from a Chinese herbal medicine, on coagulation function of gastric cancer patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery.

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to evaluate the measurement of plasma D-dimer level in the diagnosis of acute and chronic deep venous thrombosis(DVT) of the lower limbs. Methods Gold colloids immunofiltration assay(GIA) was used to detect D-dimer in the plasma in 121 patients with DVT of the lower limbs confirmed by continuous wave Dopper ultrasound and B-mode ultrasound (normal value

Expression conditions of induction strategies for the cytoplasmic inclusion bodies (IBs) production of liver targeted interferon IFN-CSP by recombinant Escherichia coli (E. coli) BL21 (DE3) were optimized in shake-flask cultures in this study. The factors of the optimized protocol included in the present study were pH, inducer IPTG (isopropyl beta-D-thiogalactoside) concentration, culture growth temperature, incubation time and induction point. The effects of those factors were investigated by 'single variable at a time' method, aimed to analyze characterization of the recombinant strain. Orthogonal experimental design was further used to optimize the above critical factors for IFN-CSP production. According to the expression optimization result, it was confirmed that the main influence factors were cell density and induction temperature. The IFN-CSP gene expression optimized conditions were: pH value of the culture medium was 6.0, culture temperature 37 degrees C, adding IPTG to final concentration 0.4 mmol/L when the recombinant strain growth density OD600 achieved 0.8 and induction time 4 h. At this point, the IBs represented 74.3% of the total cellular protein. Compared with the non-optimized condition, IFN-CSP production obtained in optimized induction strategies were increased by approx. 1.2-fold. The optimized induction strategy yielded 688.8 mg/L of IFN-CSP, providing experimental data to study the biology activity and productive technology of IFN-CSP.
Biotechnology ; methods ; Cell Culture Techniques ; methods ; Culture Media ; chemistry ; Escherichia coli ; metabolism ; Gene Expression ; Interferons ; biosynthesis ; Liver ; Temperature

Background:Irritable bowel syndrome(IBS)is a commonly seen functional intestinal disorder. Dietary factors are important factors affecting the abdominal symptoms of IBS patients. Aims:To investigate the effect of dietary factors on abdominal symptoms of IBS and the application of dietary adjustment strategy in patients lived in Xian,Shaanxi Province and the surrounding areas. Methods:Fifty-four outpatients with abdominal complaints who met the Rome Ⅲ criteria of IBS from Feb. 2015 to Jul. 2015 at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xian Jiaotong University were enrolled. Twenty healthy volunteers were served as controls. All subjects completed a questionnaire containing issues mainly on IBS symptoms, eating habits,dietary factors causing abdominal symptoms,and the patients’coping styles. Results:Compared with healthy controls,more rice and less spicy food,fatty food,raw/ cold food,acidic beverages and alcohol drinking were observed in diet of IBS patients(P all < 0. 05). Abdominal symptoms of IBS patients could be caused or exacerbated predominantly by cold food(55. 6% ),fatty food(55. 6% ),raw food(48. 1% ),meat(48. 1% )and spicy food (40. 7% ). More than half of the IBS patients(63. 0% ) adopted an elimination diet to minimize their abdominal symptoms. Spicy food(59. 3% ),raw food(48. 1% ),cold food(44. 4% ),fatty food(44. 4% )and meat(37. 0% ) were the most frequently eliminated classes of food. Conclusions:Dietary factors can affect the abdominal symptoms of IBS in patients lived in Xian,Shaanxi Province and the surrounding areas and elimination diet based on foods they perceive as problematic is widely used. The classes of food and eating habits causing abdominal symptoms are quite different between domestic and overseas IBS patients.

Objective To investigate the relationship of S100B protein expression and the pathogenesis of early-onset and late-onset preeclampsia.Methods Sixty patients with preeclampsia who received caesarean section at Qingdao Municipal Hospital from October 2010 to September 2011 were enrolled in this study.Thirty cases were early-onset preeclampsia( referred as early-onset preeclampsia group,＜ 34 weeks),and the other 30 cases were late-onset preeclampsia (referred as late-onset preeclampsia group,≥34 weeks).Thirty women who received caesarean section because of pelvic structural deformities,breech presentation,macrosomia and social factors were included as the control group.The expression of S100B mRNA in the placenta was detected by reverse transcription ( RT)-PCR.The expression of S100B protein in the placenta was detected by immunohistochemistry.Results ( 1 ) S100B mRNA was expressed in the trophoblasts of preeclampsia and control groups.The expression of S100B mRNA in early-onset preeclampsia group (0.73 ±0.11 ) was significantly higher than the control group (0.58 ±0.08) and lateonset preeclampsia group (0.64 ±0.10,P ＜0.05 ).There was no significant difference between late-onset preeclampsia group and the control group ( P ＞ 0.05 ).(2) S100B protein was expressed in the plasma membrane and cytoplasm of the trophoblasts,correlated positively with the brownish yellow and brown particles inside the cells.It was expressed in all the three groups.Immunohistochemistry revealed that the expression of S100B protein in the placenta of early-onset preeclampsia group was 100％ (30/30),significantly higher than those of late-onset preeclampsia group and the control group,in which the positive rate were 70％ (21/30) and 63％ (19/30) respectively (P ＜0.05).There was no difference between late onset preeclampsia group and the control group (P ＞0.05).Conclusion Early-onset and late-onset preeclampsia may have different etiology and pathogenesis.S100B may be a factor in the pathogenesis of early-onset preeclampsia.

Objective To discuss the short-term outcomes of uncemented APL stem hip hemiarthroplasty for unstable intertrochanteric fracture in elderly patients.Methods From July 2008 to December 2011,26 cases of intertrochanteric fractures were treated by hemiarthroplasty using uncemented APL stem.There were 10 men and 16 women with a mean age of 82.5 years (range,75-94 years).According to EvansJensen classification system,16 cases were type Ⅱ fractures,the other 10 were type Ⅲ.Results The mean operation time was 56 min (range,48 to 72 min).The average blood loss during the operation was 360 ml (range,240-600 ml).One of the patients died in the perioperative period,2 died during the follow-up.The other 23 patients were followed up with an average of 21.5 months (range,12-42 months).The patients were encouraged to walk with aid about 2-3 weeks postoperatively.Three months after the operation,the walking ability were almost recovered to pre-injury level in 21 cases.The acetabular wear,the prosthetic loosening and subsidence were not found.The complications included 1 case of cerebral infarction,1 case of deep venous thrombosis,2 urinary infection,1 skin ulcer due to the long-term use of cortical steroid and 2 heterotopic ossifications.According to Harris hip score,12 cases were classified as excellent,10 cases as good and 1 case as fair.Conclusion Hemiarthroplasty using uncemented APL stem is an effective way to treat the unstable intertrochanteric fracture in elderly patients.The quality of life of the elderly patients can be improved due to early mobilization after the surgery.