Objective To provide an effective basis for clinical control methods of multi-drug-resistant bacterial (MDRB) infections by analyzing the distribution and antimicrobial resistance of MDRB.Methods The French Merieux ATB Expression Automated Analysis System was used for bacterial identification,whereas a drug susceptibility testing was performed by K-B methods.Drug-resistance rate was calculated,and the predisposing factors were analyzed.Results Altogether 811(8.1％) strains were isolated from 9 954 specimens,and the majority of multiply antimircobial-resistant bacteria were Escherichia coli,Coagulase-negative staphylococci,Klebsiella Pneumoniae Staphylococcus aureus,Acinetobacter Baumannii,Pseudommonas aeruginosa,whereas the last two appeared pan resistant strains.Specimen source was mainly from respiratory specimens,accounted for 47.8％,and was mainly distributed in the ICU unit,atout41.8％ ;MDRB enterobacter was highly sensitive to Carbapenems with resistance rates less than 1.5％ and to Amikacin and other inhibitor drugs that rate was less than 30.0％.The resistance rates of MDRB nonfermentative bacteria was ＞ 77.0％ to Carbapenem antibacterial drugs whereas to non-resistance was found to polymyxin and only 20.0％ resistance rate to Cefoperazone/sulbactam.MDRB staphylococcus was 100.0％ sensitive to Vancomyci,Teicoplanin and Linezolid and less sensitive (＜ 30.0％) to chloramphenicol and rifampicin.MDRB showed high resistance rate to other antibacterial drugs.The predisposing factors included age,other disease,hospitalization over two weeks,the usage of multiply antimicrobial especially cephalosporins overtoppinh 7 days,and invasive operations.Conclusion The major MDRBs are resistant to common-used antimicrobial drugs.It is nesessary to pay attention to the differences.

Objective: To study the effects of extremely low frequency (ELF) magnetic field with fixed parameters on human liver cancer cells (SK-HEP-1) at different aspects. Methods: SK-HEP-1 cells were exposed to 50Hz, 20mT magnetic field during the whole culture process, and then proliferation activity, growth kinetics, metabolic profile and cell cycle were analyzed. Results: 50Hz, 20mT magnetic field inhibits the growth and metabolism of SK-HEP-1 cells, and hampers their mitotic division. Conclusion: 50Hz, 20mT magnetic field could be a potential therapy in the treatment of human malignant tumors.

BACKGROUND: Magnetic field can affect the growth and division of cancer cells both in vivo and in vitro, however, the effects on apoptosis of human liver cancer cells induced by magnetic field is still unclear.OBJECTIVE: To explore the inducing effect of extremely low fre quency (ELF) magnetic field on apoptosis of human liver cancer cell SK-HEP- 1.JESIGN: An open experiment with cells as the observational subjects.SETTING: Institute of Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiaotong University.MATERIALS: The experiment was carried out at the Institute of Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiaotong University from September 2004 to January 2005. The subject was human liver cancer cell line SK-HEP-1, purchased from cell bank of Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai.METHODS: SK-HEP-1 cells were inoculated to T-flasks at the density of 2.0×107 cells L-1, and cultivated in the DMEM containing 0.1 volume fraction of heat-inactivated fetal bovine serum and 2 mmol/L L-glutamine. Exposure groups were exposed to 50 Hz, 20 mT magnetic field and the control groups were run concurrently under the same conditions with the exposed cultures but in a separate incubator which was free of magnetic field during 8-day culture process. The apoptosis of SK-HEP-1 cells were defined by DNA ladder assay, Hoechst 33258 staining and AO/EB staining respectively on day 8.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① DNA fragmentation pattern formation. ② The abnormal nucleus formation. ③ The percentage of apoptotic cells.RESULTS: ① Detection of internucleosomal DNA fragmentation by DNA ladder assay: After 8-day ELF magnetic field exposure, DNA fragmentation pattern was detected by DNA ladder assay, which was not observed in control groups (free of exposure). ② Fluorescence microscopy analysis of apoptosis by Hoechst 33258 staining: Hoechst 33258 staining was used to investigate the changes in the nucleus of cells, and many apoptotic bodies containing nuclear fragments were found in ELF magnetic field exposed cells, but just about none in untreated cells. At the same time, cytoplasmic shrinkage was observed in cells cultured under the exposure. And in some cells, even the cell membrane was unable to keep intact. ③ Fluorescence microscopy analysis of cell apoptosis by acridine orange/ethidium bromide (AO/EB) double staining: After ELF magnetic field exposure, the percentage of viable cells in exposure groups (9.2%) was rather low compared with the control groups (91.8%), and was accompanied with a high apoptotic rate (72.3%), while only 4.2% in control group. A large number of apoptotic cells were at the early stage of apoptosis. The rate of apoptotic cells (18.5%)after treated by magnetic field was higher than that of control group (4%). With the AO/EB double staining, control cells appeared to be round,intact and bright green while some of the exposed cells exhibited irregular cell morphology and condensed nucleus.CONCLUSION: Apoptosis of human liver cancer cell SK-HEP-1 could be induced by 50 Hz, 20 mT magnetic field in vitro.

To systematically review the efficacy and safety of Zhibitai Capsules combined with chemical drugs versus chemical drugs alone in regulating blood lipid of patients of coronary heart disease, so as to provide evidence-based reference for clinical treatment. In this study, PubMed, EMbase, Cochrane Library, China Knowledge Network Database(CNKI), Technology Journal Database(VIP) and WanFang Database(WanFang) were retrieved to find the randomized controlled trials(RCT) about therapeutic efficacy of Zhibitai Capsules combined with statins(experimental group)versus statins alone(control group)in the treatment of regulating blood lipid of patients with coronary heart disease. The retrieval time was restricted to be from the inception to October 2019. The data were extracted from the randomized controlled trials. Meta-analysis was conducted by RevMan 5.3 statistical software after quality evaluation by Cochrane 5.1.0 quality evaluation tool(blood lipid level, inflammation indicators, traditional Chinese medicine syndrome score and adverse reactions). A total of 11 RCT were included, involving 1 538 patients. The results of Meta-analysis showed that in terms of decrease of total cholesterol(MD=-0.15,95%CI[-0.25,-0.05],P=0.004), decrease of triglycerides improvement(MD=-0.16,95%CI[-0.23,-0.10],P<0.000 01), decrease of low-density lipoprotein(MD=-0.08,95%CI[-0.15,-0.01],P=0.03), and increase of high-density lipoprotein(MD=0.06,95%CI[0.03,0.10],P=0.000 2), experimental group was better than control group. At the same time, the incidence of adverse reactions were low in the experimental group(OR=0.40,95%CI[0.18,0.85],P=0.02). As a result, in treatment of coronary heart disease, the therapeutic efficacy of Zhibitai Capsules combined with statins is better than statins alone in lowering total cholesterol level, triglyceride level, low-density lipoprotein level, and increasing high-density lipoprotein level. Patients in the experimental group had a low incidence of adverse events, but the heterogeneity was slightly higher, and the result had a poor stability. However, due to the small sample size of studies included, some experimental designs were not perfect, which reduces the recommendation level and evidence intensity of this system evaluation. Therefore, high-quality multi-center, large-sample, randomized, double-blind randomized controlled trials are needed for providing more reliable basis.
Capsules ; China ; Coronary Disease ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; Humans ; Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors ; Lipids