Objective To investigate the role of local angiotensin Ⅱ (ATⅡ) and its receptor (ATR) in the pathogenesis of diabetic cardiomyopathy. Methods Wistar rats were divided into two groups: 3 month group included control and streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic rats and 6 month group included control, diabetic rats, and Losartan treated diabetic rats (3 mg?kg -1 ?d -1 orally from 3rd to 6th month after diabetes was induced). The cardiac function, ATⅡ and ATⅡ receptor were determined. Results The left ventricular diastolic dysfunction appeared in diabetes in 3rd month 〔-dp/dt max : (687?86 vs 864?94)mm Hg/s, P

Objective To discuss the effective factors and metastasis rules of cervical lymph node of papillary thyroid microcarcinoma,aimed to provide references for indications and range of lymph node dissection.Methods Reviewed the clinical information and pathological material of primary treatment of 1 180 cases of papillary thyroid microcarcinoma patients in China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University from June 2008 to December 2011 by retrospective analysis,futher summared cervical lymph node metastasis rules and effective factors.Results The lymph node metastasis rate of 1 180 patients with papillary thyroid microcarcinoma was 29.6％,which of these of the central and lateral region were 26.4％ and 15.2％.Central region lymph nodes metastasis rates in male and female were respectively 44.9％,21.8％ (P ＜ 0.05),and were 39.8％,9.0％ in lateral region (P ＜ 0,01).Lymph node metastasis rates of patients whose age ≤45years old and ＞45 years old were 30.3％,17.9％ (P ＜0.05).The lymph mode metastasis rate which diameter of tumour(D) ≤0.5 cm or 0.5 cm ＜ D ≤ 1 cm in central region were 20.2％,33.2％ (P ＜ 0.05).The lymph node metastasis rate of single and more nidi respectively were 15.7％,45.0％ in central region.The lymph node metastasis rate of tumors invasion or not were 44.4％ and 14.2％ in central region (P ＜0.05).The metastasis rates were 45.5％ and 4.3％ in the lateral region when the lymph node infringe or not in central region.Conclusions Lymph node metastasis happens relatively more common in papillary thyroid microcarcinoma patients with the factors such as male,young age,multiple nidi,long diameter of tumor and invasion of tumor envelope.So when doctors establish the indications and range of lymph node dissection,it's need to pay attention to the high risk factors seriously which effect lymph node metastasis of papillary thyroid carcinoma,and establish the lymph node dissection strategy individually.

Objective To approach the guide of ultrasound-guided minimally invasive biopsy technique in diagnosis and treatment of thyroid diseases. Methods One hundred and seventeen cases (a total of 131 nodules, nodules 0. 5-1.5 cm in diameter, with an average diameter of approximately 0. 8 cm) with thyroid nodules , under Ultrasound-guided minimally invasive biopsy techniques from October 2008 to July 2009 were analyzed. Result One hundred and seventeen cases of patients with biopsy derived satisfaction were not ap-parent discomfort and complications after biopsy. Across 59 cases of surgical treatment in patients with biop-sy, and preoperative biopsy and postoperative pathologic is not fully consistent in only two cases, 58 patients without surgical treatment, who is combined with symptoms, palpation, serum thyroxine and color Doppler ultrasound and other laboratory examinations, and regularly review treated with symptomatic treatment, the symptoms, and color Doppler ultrasound imaging were much better under the treatment. 8 cases of patients in 117 cases of minimally invasive biopsy have cervical lymph node biopsy at the same time, biopsy patholo-gy and postoperative results are consistent with postoperative pathologic (7 cases of metastatic carcinoma, 1 case of reactive hyperplasia), accuracy was 100%. Conclusion Uhrasound-guided minimally invasive bi-opsy technique have important guiding for diagnosis and treatment of thyroid diseases, consistent with the high rate of clinical, especially for the preoperative diagnosis of small nodules, to avoid unnecessary over-treatment, can also reduce the misdiagnosis of thyroid cancer. While this technology is simple, safe and ac-curate, which have clinical value in the thyroid surgery.

Objective To review our experience in the diagnosis and treatment of nonfunctional islet cell tumors(NICT).Method The clinicopathological data of 26 cases of NICT were retrospectively analysed and the medical literature was reviewed.Results In addition to the 26 cases seen in our center,there were 569 cases published in 37 articles in the medical literature.In China,NICT was more common in women.The male to female ratio was about 3 ∶ 7.The mean age of onset of the disease was 35 years old.Most NICT were solitary and malignant,surgery was effective in prolonging long-term survival.Conclusions NICT is rare and it had no specific clinical presentation.BUS and CT are useful for diagnosis and surgery is effective.

ObjectiveTo study the pharmacokinetics of sufentanil in patients undergoing different cardiac surgeries with or without CPB.MethodsSixteen ASA Ⅱ or Ⅲ patients aged 56-64 yr weighing 52-78 kg undergoing cardiac surgery were divided into 2 groups ( n ＝ 8 each):group Ⅰ off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting and group Ⅱ valve replacement.Radial artery and peripheral vein were cannnlated.A bolus of sufentanil 5μg/kg was administered iv after induction of anesthesia.Blood samples were obtained from radial artery at 1,3,5,10,20,30,60,120,180,240,360 min after sufentanil injection.Plasma was immediately separated and stored at - 80 C for determination of plasma sufentanil concentration by liquid c hromatography-mass spectrometry.Pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated by 3P97 pharmacological program.ResultsThe pharmacokinetic profile of sufentanil was best described by a three-compartment open model.The 3 exponential equations in group Ⅰ,before and during CPB in group Ⅱ were:Cp(t) ＝ 11.7 e-0.47t + 1.9 e0.043t + 0.27 e-0.0032t ; Cp(t) ＝ 33.4 e-1.87t + 7.1e-0.103t +2.0 e-0.0248t and Cp(t) ＝ 23.8 e-0.54t + 5.2 e0.054t + 0.15 e-0.0017t respectively.There was significant difference in most of the pharmacokinetic parameters between the 2 groups.ConclusionsThe pharmacokinetics of sufentanil in patients undergoing different cardiac surgeries can be described by ~compartment open model.Low cardiac function and CPB can reduce its drug metabolism rate and prolong the duration of action.