This paper reports the effects of the temperature control freezing and the liquid nitrogen vapour freezing on the viability of rabbit morulae. After rapid thawing, 70.27% embryos were able to develope well in vitro in the temperature control freezing group and in the liquid nitrogen vapour freezing group, the developmental rate was 80.56% when the freezing medium contained higher concentration of glycerol. After synchronous embryos were transplanted, the birth rate was 13.64% and 13.33%, respectively, in both freezing groups, and 11.11% in the control group. The results indicate that both freezing methods have almost the same good results, but the method of liquid nitrogen vapour freezing is more useful than the temperature control freezing method in some aspects.

Objective To explore the diagnosis and therapy of pulmonary fungal infection in childhood hematological diseases. Methods A retrospectively clinical analysis was carried out in 22 cases of childhood hematological diseases treated with amphotercin B and itraconazole. Results 10 out of 22 cases had the respiratory manifestations. X rays in chests showed shadows with features of stigma and sheet in 17 cases. Candida albicans and aspergillus infection were observed in 10 and 1 cases respectively. The numbers of neutrophil were below 0.5×109/L in 6 cases and below 0.1×109/L in 9 cases respectively. 18 cases were treated with glucocorticoid except for those occasionally application in blood transfusion. Intravenous dripping broad spectrum antibiotics and inhaling amphotericin B were used for more than 5 days in all cases. Itraconazole was used for more than 2 weeks after clinical symptoms were not improved 5 days later. The results showed that clinical symptoms of 13 cases were improved within two weeks and only 1 case died. Conclusion The occurrence of pulmonary fungal infection in childhood hematological diseases is associated with intensive chemotherapy, neutropenia and usage of broad spectrum antibiotics. Experimental therapy with amphotercin B and intraconzole is effective and worth of being widely spread.

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the utilization of microbioecologics in outpatient department of pediatrics of our hospital.METHODS:Prescriptions were randomly collected from outpatient department of pediatrics of our hospital in Dec.2009 to analyze the utilization of microbioecologics.RESULTS:Of total 8 858 prescriptions,microbioecologics were used in 486 cases,accounting for 5.48%;bifidobacterium combined with lactobacillus,enterococcus and bacillus cereus tablets(live) accounted for 59.26%.Microbioecologics combined with antibiotics accounted for 8.49% but the combination of tow kinds of microbioecologics hadn't been found.CONCLUSIONS:The utilization of microbioecologics is rational in outpatient department of pediatrics of our hospital on the whole.

Objective To investigate the incidence,influencing factors and clinical features of ischemic hepatitis.Methods Changes of serum transaminase and lactate dehydrogenase in patients with shock and respiratory failure were recorded in our hospital.Ischemic hepatitis was identified according to diagnosis guidelines,and its incidence was counted.Clinical data of patients with ischemic hepatitis were recorded.Results There were 53 cases diagnosed as ischemic hepatitis in 317 severe patients,including hemorrhagic shock,heart failure,respiratory failure,et al.The incidence was high in elderly patients aged over 70 years and male.Levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT),AST and lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) were significantly increased 1-3 days after shock and respiratory failure,then reached to peak value 1-5 days [averaged (3.35±0.89) days] after shock and respiratory failure.Serum ALT was 869-4354 U/L,AST was 773-4833U/L and LDH was 1021-2662 U/L.Total bilirubin level was increased in 16 cases and the total bilirubin was 14-54 μmol/L.AST was declined to a point within 2 times the upper limit of normal range after 9-16 days,averaged (13± 1.6) days.Elevated transaminase level had no correlation with sex,age and pre-existing liver diseases.The time of enzyme changes had no correlation with sex but age and liver diseases.Patients aged ≥ 70 years had later AST peak and the recovery time was longer than younger patients (P＜0.01).Conclusions Ischemic hepatitis occurs mainly in men and elderly people.But advanced age and underlying liver diseases can affect the recovery time of transaminase in patients with ischemic hepatitis.

Objective To investigate the effect of rosiglitazone on non-alcoholic fatty liver (NA and to explore the relationship between insulin resistance and NAFL. Methods Animal model of NAFL was established by feeding Sprague-Dawley rats a high-fat diet for 8 weeks. The model rats were then randomized into rosiglitazone-treated and untreated groups. The animals were sacrificed after being treated with rosiglitazone or vehicle for 4 weeks. The histological changes of liver were examined, and liver function, fasting plasma glucose, fasting serum insulin, serum lipid profile, leptin, and adiponectin were measured. Results As compared with untreated group, hepatic steatosis and liver function were significantly improved in rosiglitazone-treated group. Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) was 54±19 U/L vs 101±24 U/L, aspartic acid aminotransferase (AST) 151±37 U/L vs 198±48 U/L, and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) 87±16 U/L vs 115±39 U/L, respectively (P<0.01). Serum adiponectin level was higher, and serum leptin level and insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) were lower in rosiglitazone-treated group than in untreated group. HOMA-IR was 6.9±1.8 vs 12.0±1.2 (P<0.01). Serum triglyceride, total cholesterol and low density lipoprotein-cholesterol level were significantly decreased in rosiglitazone-treated group as compared with untreated group (P<0.01). Conclusions Insulin resistance might play important role in the pathogenesis of NAFL. Rosiglitazone effectively reverses NAFL in animal model.

ObjectiveTo evaluate and compare the prognosis of idiopathic macular holes (IMH) and traumatic macular holes (TMH) treated by pars plana vitrectomy (PPV). Methods The clinical data of 72 IMH eyes and 55 TMH eyes, which were treated by PPV between November 2001 and December 2007,were retrospectively reviewed. The visual outcomes and macular anatomic closure were evaluated, and their relationships with prognostic factors including the size of macular hole (MH), preoperative visual acuity (VA) and duration of disease were analyzed. Results The closure rate of IMH (100. 0%) was significant higher than that of TMH (85.5%) (P=0. 001). The postoperative VA of IMH and TMH were (0. 25±0.02) and (0. 21±0. 21) respectively, both significantly increased compare to their preoperative VA (t=-6. 841, -4. 093; P=0.000). VA-increased IMH and TMH eyes had same VA (χ2=3. 651, P=0.07).Pre-PPV VA≥0. 1 IMH eyes had better outcomes than Pre-PPV VA＜0. 1 IMH eyes (χ2 = 12.04, P=0. 001), while Pre-PPV VA had no effects on TMH outcomes (χ2=0. 371, P=0. 486). IMH eyes with small holes had better outcomes (t=2. 476, P=0. 016), and TMH eyes with small holes had better closure (t= -4. 042, P＜0. 001). The duration of disease had no significant influence on TMH visual (χ2=0. 704,P = 0. 401 ) and anatomic (χ2 = 0. 166, P= 0. 684) outcomes. Conclusions PPV is an effective treatment for MH. The closure rate of IMH is higher than that of TMH. The diameter of MH and preoperative VA are major factors for IMH outcomes, and the duration of disease and preoperative VA have no effects on postoperative VA in TMH.

Objective To summarize the nursing experience on nosocomial infection in elderly patients with intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) after coronary artery bypass grafting. Methods The clinical data of elderly patients who underwent coronary artery bypass grafting with application of IABP from April 2006 to February 2009 were retrospectively collected and analyzed. Results 29 patients suffered nosocomial infection in all 111 cases. The hospital mortality was much higher among patients with nosocomial infection than in patients without nosocomial infection (19 cases vs 11 cases). 87 positive strains were separated from 29 patients with nosocomial infection, which included 47 strains of gram-negative bacterial, 23 strains of gram-positive bacterial and 17 strains of fungi. Conclusions The nosocomial infection was one of the risk factors for hospital mortality in elderly patients with intra-aortic balloon pump after coronary artery bypass grafting. It is important to take effective nursing strategies to prevent the postoperative nosocomial infection in this population.

Objective To summarize the postoperative experience of nursing infants undergoing total anomalous pulmonary venous correction.Method The clinical data of 54 infants undergoing total anomalous pulmonary venous correction were retrospectively reviewed for the summarization of nursing strategies.Result Forty nine patients were clinically cured and discharged, 2 voluntarily left the hospital without further treatment and 3 died of low cardiac output syndrome.Conclusion Early postoperative monitoring,protection of heart function and prevention of pulmonary hypertensive crisis are all critical for successful manipulation of total anomalous pulmonary venous correction.

Objective To observe and classify the characteristics of optical coherence tomography (OCT) for several common diseases which could lead to submacular choroidal neovascularization (CNV), and to provide the warrant to make the differential diagnosis and treatment of CNV. Methods The data of OCT of 165 patients (187 eyes) with CNV due to AMD, CEC, high myopia and ICNV diagnosed by fundus photography and fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA) were retrospectively analyzed, and the images of OCT were classified considering the results of FFA, and the characteristics of different types of the images were sumerized. Results Well-defined fusiform thickening of retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) and choriocapillary layer in CNV with well-defined border (60 eyes), dispersed backscattering increase in poorly-defined CNV (101 eyes), optic darkspace beneath RPE layer in serous detachment of RPE layer (19 eyes), quickly decreased high backscattering region under RPE layer in hemorrhagic detachment of RPE layer (11 eyes), slight to moderate backscattering region between RPE layer in fibrovascular detachment of RPE layer (10 eyes), and detachment of neurepithelial layer from RPE layer with the optic darkspace between the layers in detachment of neurepithelial layer (45 eyes) were observed. Conclusions The images of OCT for the common diseases which could lead to submacular choroidal neovascularization may be divided into 6 types. Analyzing the characteristics of images of OCT is helpful in differential diagnosis and treatment of CNV.

Objective To investigate the effect of triamcinolone acetonide (TA) with different dosage and excipient on retina. Methods Thirty-two purebred New Zealand white rabbits randomly divided into 4 groups underwent intravitreous injection with TA. Group 1:4 mg TA without excipient; group 2:25 mg TA without excipient; group 3:4 mg TA with excipient; group 4:25 mg TA with excipient. Electroretinography (ERG) was performed on each rabbit before intravitreal injection, 1 week, 1 and 2 months after the injection. All the animals were killed and the eyeballs were extirpated 2 months after the injection, and pathological examinations including light and electron microscopy were performed. Results No significant difference was found in the latent period of ERG at the points of time before and after the injection in all the groups, but the amplitudes of ERG waves was lower in groups containing excipient than that before the treatment (P