Objective To establish a new method to analyze the position accuracy of multileaf collimator (MLC) in the dynamic mode.Methods The MLC test sequence was created in a field,where intentional leaf positional errors ranging from 0.1 to 1 mm per centimeter were introduced.In order to establish the relationship between the ion chamber readings and leaf position,whose slope indicated the leaf position error per centimeter,a two-dimensional ion chamber array was used to measure absorbed dose while leaves were moving at dose rates of 100,300 and 600 MU/min,respectively.For routine test,leaf position error was easily found via dose profile in y direction of the field created by dynamic leaves,where the position error could be quantitatively calculated as the slope of absorbed dose line of x direction of the same field.Results The error of 0.2 mm or more per centimeter was obviously shown through y dose profile.The calibration curve was linear at different dose rates.At 600 MU/min,a 0.1 mm leaf position error corresponded to a slope variation of 0.74％,and the differences between the tested errors and the introduced errors were within 0.1 mm.Conclusions The simple and reliable method is helpful to establish the intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) quality control (QC) system.

Objective To study ethanol-induced the neuroapoptosis of visual cortex in offspring mice. Methods Pregnant female mice were fed by intubating alcohol daily,beginning on E5(embryonic,E) and continuing through the pup's birth.The neuroapoptosis in P0,P7 and P14 visual cortex was visualized by Caspase-3 activity immunohistochemistry and Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase biotin-dUTP nick end labeling(TUNEL) staining. Results Usually,the pup's birth days would delay one or two days after ethanol exposure.Moreover,ethanol induced reabsorption of fetus and malformations,such as microcephaly,anencephaly and myeloschisis with spinabifida and so on,were found in the study.Apoptosis index in ethanol treatment groups was obviously higher than that in control at either P0,P7 or P14(P

OBJECTIVE To intensify the management of the nursing in operating room and to prevent and control nosocomial infection. METHODS During the course of the management of nosocomial infection in operating room,the causation of nosocomial infection was found through analyzing the possible tache of nosocomial infection and a series of relevant measures were taken to improve the control of nosocomial infection in operating room. RESULTS The management system of nosocomial infection in operating room was intensified and nosocomial infection in operating room was controlled effectively. CONCLUSIONS The establishment of the effective system and measures of nosocomial infection in operating room have an important effect on the improvement of the management of the nursing operating room and the control of nosocomial infection.

Aim To study ethanol-induced changes in the development and neuronal number of visual cortex in C57BL /6 mice. Methods Female mice were fed with ethanol during pregnancy . The neuron density (ND) and cortical thickness (CT) in visual cortex of off spring mice were measured at either P0, P7 and P14 with hematoxylin and eosin (H.E) and Nissl staining. Results Embryonic death and malformationswere found in the ethanol-treated groups. Malformations, such as microcephaly,anencephaly and myeloschisis with spinabifida, etc were found in late-term embryos. The malformation rate was 12%. Compared with control group, the development of visual cortex in ethanol-treated groups was delayed, and its lamination was in disorder. The neuron polarity was disturbed. Neuron loss was found after ethanol exposure. At various ages, the neuron density in ethanol-treated groups was lower than that in control group(P

Objective: To examine the effects of ? carotene and ? tocopherol on LDL oxidation by monocyte derived macrophages from SD rats (in DMEM medium). [WT5FZ]Methods: Macrophages were incubated with LDL in DMEM in which freshly dissoved VE (40,100,200 ?mol/L) and ?C (0.5,1.0,2.0 ?mol/L) had been added. After incubating for 24 h, the mediums were centrifuged to determine TBARS and lipofusin and dienes. [WT5FZ]Results: Supplementation of ? tocopherol significantly decreased TBARS, lipofusin and conjugated dienes production and electrophoretic mobility. Supplementation of ? carotene at 0.5 ?mol/L significantly decreased TBARS, lipofusin and conjugated dienes production and electrophoretic mobility, but other levels showed no effect. Increasing ? carotene concentration to 2.0 ?mol/L in the system increased the lipofusin production compared with control group. ? tocopherol at 200 ?mol/L and ? carotene at 0.5 ?mol/L were the most effective in all dose groups. [WT5FZ]Conclusion: Cell mediated oxidation of LDL can be regulated by antioxidants such as ? tocopherol and ? carotene.

Objective To construct the new diet intervention scheme of dyslipidemia of university teachers, discuss the effect of this plan on eating behavior change. Methods Choose two groups of college teachers in Harbin, who were hyperlipemia and had physical examinations from June to September, 2014. 44 teachers from one college were conducted the new dietary intervention as experimental group, 37 teachers from another college were the control group, used the usual method. Compared two groups before and after the intervention of dietary behavior and blood lipid. Results The experimental group′s dietary behaviors changed strongly after implement the new dietary intervention, the scores of DTS before the experiment (58.82 ± 18.47) points,3 months after the experiment (48.36 ± 14.25) points and 6 months after the experiment (44.18±14.92) points were statistically significant (F=21.308, P < 0.01). There was no statistically significant difference in control group (F = 1.129, P > 0.05), respectively (60.51 ± 16.91) points, (57.19 ± 16.35) points, (56.92 ± 21.35) points. After 6 months, the experimental group′s subjects of TC was (4.28±3.73) mmol/L, the control group was (6.23±1.04) mmol/L, the difference was statistically significant (t = 3.082, P < 0.05), there were no significant differences in TG, LDL-C and HDL-C of the two groups (P>0.05). Conclusions The new dietary guidance plan can effectively improve and maintain the dietary behavior in hyperlipidemia college teachers, and decrease the blood lipid level.

Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of cervical intraepitheliar neoplasia grade Ⅰ (CIN Ⅰ) after treated by high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) Ⅰ.Methods 155 CIN Ⅰ cases in treatment group started following after HIFU method,548 cases in control group started following after cervical biopsy under the colposcope.The following intermissions were 6 months,12 months,24 months,36 months,Liquid based cytological test (LCT) and hybrid captured-Ⅱ for high rate-humanpapilomavirus (HR-HPV)test were used in every following test,and if the LCT result was atypical squamous cells (ASC-US) and HR-HPV positive,or the LCT result was greater than or equal,cervical biopsy was undergone by the colposcope to make sure the CIN Ⅰ diagnosis.Results (1) The lost rates of treatment group and control group in 36 months were 18.66％ and 10.22％.(2) The inversion rates in 6 months,12 months,24 months and 36 months were 77.51 ％,80.38 ％,86.12 ％ and 88.28 ％,inversion cases were rose up by the treatment gradually,succession rates were 33.01 ％,22.97％,9.33％ and 1.44％,and descended down gradually.(3)The inversion rates in treatment group and control group increased with observation time,there were significant differences during the 6 months,12 months,24 months and 36 months (P ＜ 0.05) ; the succession rates in treatment group and control group descended with observation time,there were significant differences during the 6 months,12 months and 24 months (P ＜ 0.05),and there were not significant differences in the 36 months,but significant differences between treatment group's and control group s progressive rate.Conclusions No solid scar,improving lesions inversion,reducing succession rate,guarding against the canceration were the advantages of HIFU in treatment for CIN I.

Objective To compare the effects of target systolic blood pressure on cardiovascular events in patients with hypertension and type 2 diabetes after antihypertensive drugs. Methods This study was a retrospective cohort study. Randomly selected from March 2014 to March 2017, 1563 patients with hypertension and type 2 diabetes diagnosed in the Department of Cardiology of the Tiemei Group General Hospital. There was no cardiovascular complications at admission. After admission, the population variables of each patient were recorded. Each patient was adjusted for blood pressure and blood glucose according to the doctor's advice after admission. After the hospital was discharged, the patient was followed up for blood pressure every week. The follow-up was 3-4 months. The average systolic blood pressure of each patient was recorded as the target systolic pressure. The patients who were followed up were divided into three groups according to the target systolic pressure value, namely ≤120 mmHg(1 mmHg=0.133 kPa) group,>120-130 mmHg group,>130-140 mmHg group. After that, it was changed to a weekly telephone follow-up of the nurses for a total of 3 years. The cardiovascular disease (CVD) occurred in these patients within 3 years were recorded. The CVD was used as the dependent variable, and the systolic blood pressure of each group was used as the independent variable to do COX. Proportional risk regression analysis, the hazard ratio (HR) of each group of concurrent CVD. Taking CVD as the dependent variable, HR of CVD with >130-140 mmHg group was taken as the reference value, and all population variables were used as independent variables, respectively, ≤120 mmHg group,>120-130 mmHg group and>130-140 mmHg group combined with CVD risk ratio. Results During the 3-year follow-up period, 1401 patients with blood pressure met: 104 patients with systolic blood pressure ≤120 mmHg, 543 patients with >120-130 mmHg, and 754 patients with >130-140 mmHg. The incidence of CVD in the three groups was 14.4％(15/104), 8.8％(48/543), 7.0％(53/754). HR of CVD were 1.66, 0.96, 0.53 in≤120 mmHg group,>120- 130 mmHg group,>130-140 mmHg group .Compared with >130-140 mmHg group, the risk ratio of CVD in all subgroups of≤120 mmHg group was statistically increased (HR>1, P<0.05). Compared with >130-140 mmHg, >120-130 mmHg group with 65-79 years old, combined with more than 3 groups of antihypertensive drugs, patients with diuretics showed a statistically significant increase in the risk ratio of CVD (HR>1, P <0.05). Conclusions The target systolic blood pressure of patients with hypertension and type 2 diabetes should be >130-140 mmHg. For patients aged 65-79 years, more than 3 groups of antihypertensive drugs are used. Patients with diuretics should have a target systolic blood pressure of >130-140 mmHg.

Objective To verify and valuate the performance of small dense low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (sdLDL-C) detection by the direct clearance method and evaluate its preliminary clinical application in acute coronary syndrome (ACS).Methods Case control study:The performance (accuracy,precision,linearity) of sdLDL-C was assessed by direct clearance method.In 143 cases of ACS patients selected from Cardiology Department and Emergency Department of Shangdong Provincial Hospital from April to October in 2016,with 100 cases male,female 43 cases,including acute myocardial infarction (AMI)group of 59 cases,unstable angina pectoris (UAP) group of 84 cases;83 cases of healthy volunteers as a control group selected from health physical examination center of Shandong Provincial Hospital,with 59cases male,female 24 cases.Levels of sdLDL-C,total cholesterol (TCH),triglyceride (TG),low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C),high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C),apolipoprotein A (ApoA I),apolipoprotein B (ApoB),lipoprotein (a) (Lpa) and high sensitive C-reactive protein (Hs-CRP) were detected separately by automatic biochemical analyzer.Non high density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C) equals TCH minus HDL-C.x2 test,t test,one-way ANOVA,Pearson correlation and multiple linear regression analysis were used as statistical methods.Results The within-lot or between-lot variation was 2.85％ and 3.36％.Methodological comparison:regression equation Y =0.984X + 0.018,r2 =0.966,t =-0.191,P =0.850.There was a good linear correlation (Y =1.026X + 0.007,r2 =0.999) between theoretical values and actual detection results in range of 0.15-2.65 mmol/L.SdLDL-C concentrations were positive correlated with TCH,non-HDL,LDL-C,TG,ApoB (r =0.758,0.848,0.839,0.514,0.885,respectively,P ＜0.01),and negative correlated with HDL-C (r =-0.224,P =0.001),but no correlation with APOA I,Lpa and Hs-CRP(r =-0.021,0.050,0.003,respectively,P ＞ 0.05).Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the factors influencing sdLDL-C level were HDL-C,ApoB,LDL-C and TG.The levels of sdLDL-C,TG in the ACS group were significantly higher than those in the control group (t =3.415,4.660,respectively,P ＜ 0.01),but no difference between the two groups in the levels of TCH,non-HDL-C and LDL-C (t=-1.831,-0.452,-1.398,respectively,P ＞0.05).Comparing AMI group with control group,sdLDL-C,TG and Hs-CRP were significantly higher than the control group (P =0.000,0.000,0.000,respectively),but TCH,LDL-C and non-HDL were similar between the two groups (P =0.800,0.320,0.120,respectively);Comparing UAP group with control group,TG and Hs-CRP were higher than control group (P =0.001,0.047,respectively),TCH and LDL-C were significantly lower than the control group (P =0.003,0.008,respectively),but sdLDL-C had no difference (P =0.305);Comparing AMI group with UAP group,sdLDL-C,TCH,LDL-C and Hs-CRP were significantly higher than UAP group (P =0.000,0.003,0.001,0.000,respectively),and TG were no statistical significance (P =0.473).Conclusions Direct clearance method can meet the requirement of sdLDL-C detection.sdLDL-C level can assess the metabolism of blood lipids and be used as an independent risk factor and predictive index of ACS,superior to LDL-C.

Objective To study the relationship between the level of serum thrombomodulin (TM ) ,radiation dose-volume factors with acute radiation pneumonitis (ARP) .Methods 54 patients with lung cancer were given the routine 3 -dimensional conformal radiation therapy(3DCRT) and chemotherpy ,20 cases received the concurrent radiochemotherapy and 34 cases were performed the the sequential chemotherapy .The serum TM level was measured with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) before radio-therapy(B-RT) and at 30 Gy(M-RT) in radiotherapy .The ARP grade was evaluated according to the criteria of the Common Ter-minology Criteria for Adverse Events(CTCAE v3 .0) by the National Caner Institute(NCI) ,grade 2 or more was taken as ARP . The relationship between the serum TM level ,dose-volume factors with ARP was analyzed .Results 20 cases (37% ) had ARP .12 cases got grade 2 ARP and 8 cases had grade 3 .The occurrence rates of ARP in the minimal lethal dose (MLD) Gy <10 and >10 groups ,V5 < 50% and ≥ 50% groups ,V10 < 40% and ≥ 40% groups ,V20 < 25% and ≥ 25% groups ,V30 < 13% and ≥ 13%groups ,TM decrease group and TM increase group after 30 Gy radiation were 8% vs .62% ,7% vs .69% ,21% vs .75% ,28% vs . 56% ,15% vs .57% and 50% vs .13% respectively ,the differences had statistical significance (χ2 = 16 .83 ,22 .29 ,14 .05 ,3 .97 , 10 .08 ,6 .46 ,P<0 .05);in the ARP group and non-ARP group ,MLD ,V5 ,V10 ,V20 and V30 were (12 ± 2) vs .(9 ± 2) ,(58 ± 10) vs .(43 ± 10) ,(42 ± 8) vs .(30 ± 8) ,(23 ± 3) vs .(19 ± 6) ,(15 ± 4) vs .(11 ± 4) respectively ,the differences had statistical signifi-cance (t= -4 .96 ,-5 .27 ,-5 .70 ,-3 .37 ,-3 .61 ,P<0 .05) .Conclusion Multiple dose-volume parameters are associated with the occurrence rate of ARP .The patients with decreased serum TM level after radiotherapy are liable to develop ARP .