Objective To analyze the compliance of defecation function training of patients with ultra- low rectal cancer after intersphincteric resection and the influencing factors. And therefore to provide theoretical reference for the problems and nursing management of training. Methods The study was a reviewing trial. The enterostomal therapist educated patients with ultra-low rectal cancer after intersphincteric resection. Research used the basic information questionnaire, compliance evaluation of defecation function training, defecation diary and Fecal Incontinence Quality of Life Questionnaire as research instruments. And statistical analysis was used to acquired data. Results The score of the defecation function training compliance was (67.67 ± 5.28) points; Anal function and the fecal incontinence quality of life was in negative correlation with the compliance; At 9 and 12 months, anal function of patients who had good compliance were obviously improved (P < 0.05). Factors such as complications, internal sphincterotomy, operation, degree of education, pathologic stage, payment of medical expenses were related to the compliance (P < 0.05 or 0.01); The correlation analysis demonstrated that the compliance decreased with time. Conclusions The compliance of defecation function training of patients is related to anal function and the fecal incontinence quality of life. A effective training program and follow- up appointment is very important. Nurses should provide psychological counseling and health education for them to boost confidence improve quality of life.

Objective To investigate the expression of human leucocyte antigen-G (HLA-G) in the endometrium of patients with endometriosis (EM). Methods The expression of HLA-G protein was detected in ovarian endometriosis (OEM) and adenomyosis (AM) using immunohistochemistry method, and the expression of HLA-G mRNA was detected using in situ hybridization technique (ISH), to compare with that in the endometrium of hysteromyoma as the control group. Results The rate of positive HLA-G expression in EM (including AM and OEM) was significantly higher than that in control group (P0.05). The expression of HLA-G protein showed no relation with different clinical phase or different endometrial cycle. Conclusion HLA-G is overexpressed in EM, which may play certain role in the pathogenesis of the disease.

Objective To investigate the influence of low tidal volume (VT ) combined with low level positive end-expiratory pressure(PEEP) on the respiratory function of elderly patients in general anesthesia .Methods 46 elderly patients scheduled for up-per abdominal surgery in our hospital were randomly divided into two groups ,23 cases in each group .The control group received the conventional tidal volume (VT ) ,while the observation group was given low VT combined with 3cm H2 O of PEEP ,both groups were given intermittent positive pressure ventilation (IPPV) .The arterial blood was collected for conducting the blood gas analysis before operation(T0 ) ,at 30 min after anesthetic intubation(T1 ) and 15 min after extubation(T2 ) .The changes of the indexes of PaO2 ,PaCO2 ,Ppeek and A-aDO2 at various time points were compared between the two groups .Results PaO2 at T2 in the observa-tion group was(83 .58 ± 2 .43) mmHg ,which was significantly higher than that in the control group ,while A-aDO2 in the observa-tion group was(21 .50 ± 2 .12) ,which was significantly lower than that in the control group(P<0 .05);Ppeek at T1 in the observa-tion group was(11 .27 ± 1 .22) cm H2O ,which was significantly lower than that in the control group(P<0 .05) .Conclusion The application of low VT combined with low PEEP in general anesthesia can effectively improve postoperative hypoxemia in elderly pa-tients and is conducive to the respiratory function recovery ,which has better clinical application value .

Objective: To measure the glycemic index of foods contained low carbohydratesand discuss the relationship between glycemic index and the amount of fat, carbohydrate, protein and diet fiber from these foods. Methods: According to the method of Wolver,the GIs of these kinds of foods had been determined and caculated by using 25 gram carbohydrates as control because of the low percent(10%)of carbohydrates in foods. Results: The results of GI in 13 kinds of the foods were worked out and there was negative correlation between diet fiber and GI. Conclusions: The inference factors of GI are not the kinds of carbohydrate but the amount of diet fiber in these foods.

Objectives:To observe the relationship between 2 different ways of nasal tube nutrition supplement patterns and clinical patients'endurance and complication. Methods:Self contrast study was used in 8 cases of old patients supplied with nasal tube nutrition for 4 months(perfusion and dripping pattern 2 months each). Biochemical indices and enteric complications before and after nasal tube nutrition were observed. Results:Slowly dripping supplement pattern greatly decreased the incidence of inhalation pneumonia and other complications related with gastro enteric nutrition supplement,such as diarrhea,bloating,vomits and etc.The nutritional status was obviously improved when the continuous dripping supplement pattern was used. Conclusions:Continuous dripping supplement pattern is better than perfusion supplement pattern.

The rise of advanced nursing practice in the developed countries promotes the development of nursing science, nursing postgraduate education arises at the historic moment. Professional nursing postgraduate education started late in our country and its development is not mature, there exists some problems in the training plan and professional positioning, such as training process not realizing the training objectives, unreasonable curriculum setting and evaluation system, unclear professional direction, disconnection of vocational orientation and the professional qualification and specialist nurse certification. Therefore, nursing professional degree graduate education mode needs further exploration and unity.

Objective To explore the current research status and existing problems in severe burn nursing by reviewing relevant literature of severe burn nursing published in 6 kinds of nursing core journals. Methods Search 6 kinds of nursing core journals using the following key words: severe burn critical burn serious burn large area burn intensive burn and nursing. Applying bibliometrics to conduct descriptive analysis of the external and internal characteristics of these papers. Results Two hundred and nine papers were included;the main literature research type of thess articles was clinical experience summary, the content of these literature was extensive. Conclusions Severe burn nursing research focus on clinical symptomatic nursing; clinical nurse scientific research ability needs to be strengthened, and subject aspects should be paid more attention to children, the elderly, and clinical nurse physical and psychological conditions.

AIM: To study effects of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) and cyclosporin A (CsA) on the contents of active oxygens and nitric oxide (NO) in spleens of skin transplanted mice.METHODS: The donor mice BALB/C and receptor mice C 57BL/6 were tested for skin transplantation. The HBO group mice were treated with 99.2% oxygen under 0.25 MPa for 1.5 hours, while CsA group mice were treated with CsA 0.5 mg?kg -1?d by abdomen injection. After 14 days, the spleen were extracted the contents of malondialdehyde (MDA) and NO and the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX), catalase (CAT) and NO synthases (NOS) were determined.RESULTS: (1) Compared with the control group, the transplantation group, HBO group and CsA group have markedly increased the content of MDA and the activities of GSH-PX and CAT; Compared with the transplantation group, the CsA group have markedly increased activity of SOD and reduced activities of GSH-PX and CAT; the HBO group have markedly reduced the activity of GSH-PX and increased the activities of CAT and SOD (P

BACKGROUND: Following trauma caused by seawater, cells often exhibit special pathological changes because of the special physico-chemical properties of seawater.OBJECTIVE: To observe corneal histopathological changes and interleukin-6 level in aqueous humor of a rabbit model of penetrating corneal trauma combined with seawater immersion.METHODS: The rabbit eye models of penetrating corneal trauma caused by firecrackers were established in 16 adult healthy grey rabbits. A 3-mm whole-layer incision was made in the cornea. The right eyes served as experimental sides and the left eyes served as controls. Seawater was injected into the aqueous humor of the right eyes via the corneal incision. The eye surface was flushed with seawater for 30 minutes. Physiological saline was used for the left eyes. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Optical microscopy results showed that at 1, 2, 3 days after model establishment, corneal cells on the experimental side exhibited severe necrosis and abscission, obvious swelling of substantia propria layer complicated by cellular infiltration. At 1 and 2 days after model establishment, the pathological changes on the control side were the same as the experimental side, but they were mild, but at 3 and 5 days, they were obviously alleviated. At 1, 2, 3 days after model establishment, interleukin-6 level in aqueous humor was significantly higher on the experimental side than on the control side (P < 0.05). These findings suggest that the degree of injury on the experimental side was more severe than that on the control side, indicating that seawater may be an important causative factor of corneal injury.