ObjectiveTo compare the correlation and agreement of international normalized ratio (INR) measured by INRatio coagulometer and standard laboratory venous blood measurement in order to judge the clinical application value of measuring INR by INRatio coagulometer.MethodsOne hundred who received warfarin were chosen randomly.Venous blood and finger capillary blood were taken simultaneously for measurement of INR by laboratory coagulation analyzer SYSMEX CA-7000 and INRatio coagulometer respectively.The correlation and agreement of INR results tested by the two methods were analyzed.Results When INR ≤5,there was a good correlation between INRatio coagulometer and laboratory coagulation analyzer SYSMEX CA-7000 (r =0.898,P =0.000).The mean bias of the two methods was 0.36 and INR measured by INRatio coagulometer were higher than those tested by laboratory coagulation analyzer SYSMEX CA-7000.By Bland-Altman,it showed a good agreement for 91.2％ (62/68) of the difference INR located 95％ the limited of agreement when the mean INR 1.60 - 3.50,and a bad agreement for only 50.0％(1/2) of the difference INR located 95％ the limited of agreement when the mean INR ＞ 3.50.ConclusionsIn the therapeutic range,INR measured by INRatio coagulometer shows a good correlation and agreement with INR measured by the established laboratory method.INRatio coagulometer can be used to monitor INR in the patients received oral anticoagulant therapy.

Objective To explore the relationship between the expression of Dishevelled2 and Vangl2 proteins and the development of mouse palate. Methods Twenty-four pregnant mice were randomly divided into eight groups, and the mouse embryos were obtained at eight clock of the pregnant day of thirteen(p13d8h), p13d14h,p13d22h,p14d8h,p14d14h,p14d22h,p15d8h and p15d22h respectively, then paraffin sections were made conventionally.The distrubution and dynamic changes of Dishevelled2 and Vangl2 proteins in the embryonic palatal shelves were detected by immunohistochemistry and image analysis. Results It was found that the two kinds of proteins expressed in the epithelium and mesenchyma of the mouse palatal shelves at different development stages. The expression levels of the Dishevelled2,in both of the epithelium and mesenchyme of the palatal shelves, increased first (p13d8h-p13d22h),then decreased rapidly(p13d22h-p14d14h), and then increased again(p14d14h-p15d22h). The expression of Vangl2 protein in the mesenchyma showed a similar trend to that of the Dishevelled2, but there was no obvious regularity in the epithelium. In addition, the expressive levels of both kinds of proteins in the epithelium were significantly higher than those in mesenchyma of the palatal shelves. Conclusion Dishevelled2 and Vangl2 proteins might directly or indirectly take part in the regulation process of mouse palate morphogenesis.

ObjectiveTo explore the relationship between the expression of Dishevelled2 and Vangl2 and the embryonic neural tube defects (NTDs) induced by all-trans retinoic acid (RA)in Kunming mouse. Methods Fifty pregnant mice were randomly divided into control and RA-treated groups.RA-treated mice were fed with 30mg/kg RA dissolved with peanut oil on embryo 7.75 days, while the mice of control group were administrated with an equal volume of peanut oil on the same time. Then all the embryos were sampled from pregnant mice at the 4th, 18th, 42nd, 66th and 90th hour after treatment. In situ hybridization and immunohistochemical staining technique were used to detect the expression of Dishevelled2 and Vangl2 in embryonic neural tube. Results The two proteins both existed in the epithelial tissue of the mouse embryonic neural tube and displayed different expression modes at various developmental stages.Compared with the control group, the RA treated group showed a significant decrease (P≤0.05) at the 18th and 42nd hour and a significant increase (P≤0.05) at the 66th hour in Dishevelled2 protein after maternal treatment, and no significant difference was found at the 90th hour. Compared with the control group, the Vangl2 mRNA expression in the RA treated group displayed a significant decrease (P≤0.05) at the 4th and 18th hour and a significant increase (P≤0.05) at the 66th hour after RA treatment, and no difference was found at the 42nd hour. Compared with the control group, the expression of Vangl2 protein in the RA treated group decreased (P≤0.05) at the 18th and 42nd hour, and increased (P≤0.05) at the 90th hour after RA treatment, no difference was found at the 66th hour. Conclusion Excessive RA may interfere with the normal embryonic neural tube closure by regulating the expression of Dishevelled2 and Vangl2.

Objective This study analyzes the expression and clinical significance of Gli1 and Gli3 proteins in hepatocellular carcinoma.Methods 36 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma were studied.The expressions of Gli1 and Gli3 in the carcinoma and adjacent non-tumor tissues were detected with immunohistochemical assay,and their correlations with clinicopathological factors were statistically analyzed.Results Expression rates of Gli1 in hepatocellular carcinoma and adjacent nontumor tissues were 75 ％ and 36.1％,respectively.Expression rates of Gli3 in hepatocellular carcinoma and adjacent non-tumor tissues were 58.3％ and 30.6％,respectively.Expression rates of Gli1 and Gli3 in hepatocellular carcinoma were significantly higher than in adjacent non-tumor tissues (P＜0.05),and a positive correlation was found between the expression of Gli1 and Gli3 (r=0.423,P＜0.05).There was no association between the expression of Gli3 and clinicopathological factors such as age,tumor size,tumor differentiation and lymphatic metastasis.The expression of Gll1 was not related witha patient's age and tumor size,hut there were significant associations with tumor differentiation and lymphatic metastasis.Conclusions Therefore,the expression rate of Gli1 was positively correlated with tumor malignancy,which makes the detection of Gli1 and Gli3 valuable for the diagnosis and prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma.

Objective To explore the effect of gene mutations of epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR) on targeting therapy of advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods The 139 hospitalized patients who had been treated at least once with platinum-based chemotherapy and had tumor progression or recurrence after the last chemotherapy between December 2005 and December 2009, underwent EGFR gene test extracted from the pathological tissues. Based on the results of the test, the patients were divided into three groups: EGFR mutation per os (p.o.)Gefitinib (MPG) group, wild-type EGFR per os (p. o. ) Gefitinib (WpG) group and wild-type EGFR post-docetaxel chemotherapy (WpD) group. Clinical characteristics, pathology, treatment efficacy,survival time, performance status (PS) score, adverse reaction and quality of life of patients in the three groups were assessed. Results The EGFR mutation rate were higher in female, patients with adenocarcinoma and non-smokers than in male, smokers and those without adenocarcinoma. There were significant differences in median progression-free survival and median survival time among the three groups, which were 2.8 and 8. 9 months in MpG group, 2.0 and 7.1 months in WpG group,2.5 and 7. 8 months in WpD group(H=11. 198, 16. 991 ,all P＜0.01). The changes of PS score were significantly different between MpG group and WpG group (96. 8% vs. 62. 0%, x2 = 12. 583 ,P＜0. 01 ). However, there was no difference in changes of PS score between WpG group and WpD group (62. 0% vs. 66. 0%, x2 =0. 878,P＞0. 05). Conclusions The gene mutation of epidermal growth factor receptor may be served as an important indicator of advanced non-small cell cancer therapy.

Objective To explore the effects of corticosteroids on the recurrence of atrial fibrillation (AF) after radio fre-quency catheter ablation (RFCA ) .Methods A total of 50 patients with paroxysmal AF who underwent RFCA and then treated with corticosteroids from January 2011 to April 2014 were enrolled in this study .At the same period ,37 patients with paroxysmal AF who also underwent RFAC but without corticosteroids treatment were selected as control group .The follow-up was carried out by the fixed physician at 1st week ,1st month ,3rd months ,6th months ,12th months after RFCA through a telephone visit or a hos-pital visit ,including the 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) and the HOLTER examination ,symptom of heart-throb inquiry and the interpretation of ECG ,AF recurrence were analyzed and compared between hormone treatment group and control group .Results After 1 week treatment ,the maintenance rates of sinus rhythm in treatment group and control group were 80 .0% and 54 .1% ,re-spectively ,there was statistic difference(P < 0 .05) ,the recurrence of AF in treatment group was significantly decreased ;after 1 month treatment ,the maintenance rates of sinus rhythm in treatment group and control group were 80 .0% and 67 .6% ,respective-ly ,there was no statistic difference(P = 0 .187) ;after 12 months treatment ,the recurrence of AF in treatment group and control group ,was not found statistic significance(P= 0 .711) .Kaplan-Meier survival rate was drew to conduct Log-rank test ,the difference of AF recurrence between the two groups was no statistic significance(P= 0 .711) .Conclusion Transient use of small amounts of corticosteroids after AF ablation may be effective for preventing AF recurrences within 1 week after ablation but it is not effective for preventing AF recurrences at 1st month and 12th months after ablation .

Objective To employ Borrelia burgdorferi( B. burgdorferi) , a culturable and genetical-ly transformable spirochete, as a surrogate system to study Treponema pallidum ( T. pallidum) gene function. Methods Bioinformatic analysis revealed that the T. pallidum gene tp0111 encodes the putative sigma factor RpoN. We constructed a B. burgdorferi shuttle vector harboring tp0111. The shuttle vector was then trans-formed into the B. burgdorferi rpoN mutant strain. The phenotype of the resulting B. burgdorferi strain was then determined. Results We successfully constructed the B. burgdorferi rpoN mutant carrying the T. palli-dum gene tp0111. We found that tp0111 could partially complement the B. burgdorferi rpoN mutant. Con-clusion This work provides the first experimental evidence showing that tp0111 is the rpoN gene of T. palli-dum. It also demonstrates that B. burgdorferi can be used as a surrogate system for studying T. pallidum gene function.

Objective To investigate the relationship between PCSK9 gene polymorphism with lipid metabolism and CHD risk among population within Tianjin, China. Methods Patients from Tianjin Chest Hospital were selected (n=778) and divided into coronary heart disease (CHD) group (n=502) and control group (n=276). Immediately after admission, tri?glyceride (TG), high density lipoprotein (HDL-C), low density lipoprotein (LDL-C), apolipoprotein A (ApoA 1) and apolipo?protein B (ApoB) were tested and genotype TT,TC and CC were determined. Results In CHD group, LDL-C level is higher in TC genotype individuals than that in TT genotype individuals with statistical significance (P<0.05). CHD group and the control group were dominated by TT genotype with no statistical difference between their allele frequency distribution nor genotype frequency distribution(P>0.05). The total population allele frequencies were T 96.1%(1 495/1 556), C 3.9%(61/1 556);genotype frequencies were TT 92.2%(717/778), TC 7.8%(61/778). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis revealed that ApoA1 and HDL-C were inversely associated with coronary heart disease, therefore are protective factors for coronary heart disease. Conclusion The study found that TC genotype is correlated with serum LDL-C increase in group CHD, and the incidence of allele C showed no obvious connection with CHD.

Objective To investigate the current status of nursing undergraduate students′ self-differentiation and career adaptability and analyze the correlation of the two, so as to provide a reference for nursing educators to offer employment guidance. Methods The Undergraduate Self-Differentiation Scale and The College Students′Career Adaptability Questionnaire were used to investigate 341 nursing undergraduates. Results The mean scores of the self-differentiation and the career adaptability were (3.70±0.60) points and (3.60±0.42) points, respectively. It showed that the total score of self-differentiation and its each dimension were positively correlated with career adaptability, the Pearson correlation coefficients were career adjustment 0.26, career interpersonal 0.38, career curiosity 0.32, career confidence 0.39, career concerns 0.27, career control 0.46, and the coefficients between two total scales were 0.46 (all P<0.05). Conclusions The self-differentiation level of nursing undergraduates could affect their career adaptation level, and clinical nursing educators can take corresponding measures to improve their career adaptability based on the characteristics of nursing students′self-differentiation.

Clostridium acetobutylicum, a biofuel-butanol producer, has attracted worldwide interests. Strain improvement is important for the process of biobutanol industrialization where efficient genetic modification systems are essential. In this review, the history of genetic modification systems of C. acetobutylicum was introduced, and the types and principles of these systems and their disadvantages are summarized and analysed. The development of updated genetic modification systems for C. acetobutylicum is also proposed.
Biofuels ; Butanols ; analysis ; metabolism ; Clostridium acetobutylicum ; genetics ; Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial ; Genetic Engineering ; Genetic Techniques