Objective To study warfarin and aspirin for ischemic stroke prevention in elderly patients with atrial fibrillation.Methods Fifty-three elderly patients with atrial fibrillation from January 2007 to December 2009 were enrolled in this study.All patients were divided into two groups by random digits table method:warfarin group treated with warfarin and aspirin group treated with aspirin.Incidence rate of ischemic stroke,side effect and cost-effectiveness were compared between two groups.Results Forty-nine patients were followed up,the dropout rate was 7.5％(4/53),28 patients in warfarin group,21 patients in aspirin group.Incidence rate of ischemic stroke in warfarin and aspirin group was 3.6％(1/28) and 28.6％(6/21),and there was significant difference (x2 =4.28,P ＜0.05).No significant difference was observed for side effect between two groups (x2 =0.07,P ＞ 0.05).For cost-effectiveness analysis,the ratio of cost-effectiveness was 16.3 yuan and 10.4 yuan in warfarin and aspirin group respectively,and there was significant difference (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Warfarin is more effective for ischemic stroke prevention in elderly patients with atrial fibrillation,but costs more than aspirin.

BACKGROUND:Laryngeal cartilage defect has a higher incidence, mainly presenting with pain, sweling, and dysfunction after onset. Currently, surgical treatment is the most used in clinical treatment of laryngeal cartilage defect. Although conventional materials can effectively improve symptoms, there is a poor long-term efficacy. In recent years, there are many clinical studies on cartilage tissue engineering, but less about the actual use in the otorhinolaryngology department.
OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effect of polyhydroxyalkanoate polymer carrying chondrocytes on the repair of alogeneic laryngeal cartilage defects.
METHODS:Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyhexanoate) (PHBHH) served as the extracelular matrix. Tissue engineering technology was used to prepare cel-material composite. Primary tissue-engineered cartilage tissue was transplanted directly into rabbit thyroid cartilage defect (experimental group A), or implanted into a more mature tissue-engineered cartilage for the repair of thyroid cartilage defect (experimental group B). In the experiment, PHBHH group and simple chondrocyte group were set as controls. Repairing effects on thyroid cartilage defect were evaluated through gross and histological observation.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Chondrocytes in the primary tissue-engineered cartilage tissues were beaded under scanning electron microscope, and after 4 weeks of culture, a large amount of jely-shaped substrates were visible. Findings from electron microscope observation showed that the cels were distributed on the surface of composite material and cavernous voids, displaying a plurality of smal round projections. Surgical treatment was successful in al the rabbits, and there was no dyspnea and eating difficulties after surgery. One rabbit appeared to have brief wheezing in the experimental group A, two rabbits died of diarrhea in the experimental B group at 2 weeks after surgery. PHBHH composite carrying chondrocytes had certain hardness. At 4 weeks after subcutaneous implantation, mature cels were shaped as white sheets, and the material had elasticity. After 4 and 8 weeks, the space between repair zone and original cartilage tissue was smooth and plain, but the repair zone was colored yelow. In the simple PHBHH and chondrocyte groups, the repair zones were both depressed, only the connective tissues could be seen. Rabbits in the two experimental groups showed less adverse reactions compared with the two control groups (P < 0.05). These findings indicate that PHBHH composite carrying chondrocytes has better effects to repair alogeneic laryngeal cartilage defects.

AIM: To establish the method of determining five anthraquinone components in Shaotangshang Gel(Rhizoma Coptidis,Cortex Phellodendri Chinensis,Radix et Rhizoma Rhei,etc.). METHODS:HPLC was used to determine emodin,chrysophanol,rhein,physcion,alone-emodin in Shaotangshang Gel.The separation was performed on Yilited-C_(18) Column with MeOH-phosphate acid(0.1%)(80∶20) as the modile phase,the flow rate was 1.0 mL/min and detection wavelength was set at 430 nm. RESULTS: The resolution and the linearity of the method were good with the average recoveries and RSD values of emoldin,chrysophanol,rhein,physcion,aloe-(emodin) of(98.0%),1.3%;97.1%,1.8%;97.8%,1.5%;97.4%,1.7%;96.7%,1.2% respectively.CONCLUSION: This method is sensitive,accurate and can be used for the quality control of Shaotangshang Gel.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the curative efficacy of recombinate erythropoietin(r-HuEPO) administered through different route for patients receiving hemodialysis.METHODS: 40 patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis(MHD) were randomized into subcutaneous injection group and intravenous injection group.The hemoglobin(Hb),hematokrit(Hct) and the adverse effect within 12 weeks were observed.RESULTS: The Hb/Hct level of the two groups increased with the prolonging of treatment,which increased significantly at 8 weeks and 12 weeks as compared with before treatment(P

Objective To analyze results of blood test for first‐time blood donation volunteers and mutual‐aid blood donors in Anyang area ,in order to improve cognition of characteristics of different blood donors and safety of blood transfusion .Methods A total of 31 363 cases of first‐time blood donation volunteers(first‐time blood donation group) and 1 046 cases of mutual‐aid blood donors(control group) from January to December 2013 in Anyang area were collected .The results of blood tests were compared and related factors affected qualities of blood were analysed .Results A total of 1 160 cases of donors in the first‐time blood donation group were failed to pass the blood test and the unqualified rate was 3 .70% ,in the control group 17 cases of donors failed to pass the blood test and the unqualified rate was 1 .62% ;the difference was statistically significant (P<0 .05) .The test results of unqual‐ified blood samples shown that in the first‐time blood donation group the constituent ratios of alanine aminotransferase(ALT) ,anti‐body to hepatitis C virus(anti‐HCV) ,antibody to human immunodeficiency virus(anti‐HIV) ,hepatitis B surface antigen(HBsAg) and syphilis positive blood donors were 37 .67% ,12 .59% ,8 .79% ,31 .38% and 9 .57% respectively ,and those in the control group were 29 .41% ,17 .65% ,5 .88% ,35 .30% and 11 .76% respectively .The constituent ratio of ALT positive blood donors between the two groups had statistically significant difference(P<0 .05) .There were statistically significant differences in gender ,age and occu‐pations between unqualified blood donors in the two groups(P<0 .05) .Conclusion The first‐time blood donation volunteers might have relatively higher unqualified rate in blood test ,it is necessary to enhance blood screening and management before transfusion , in order to ensure safety of blood transfusion .

Objective: To investigate the function of healthy education in early enteral nutrition after operation.Methods: 72 patients of upper digestive tract operation were divided into test group(n=36)and control group(n=36).The education about enteral nutrition knowledge was intensified in test group. Results: The degree of grasping enteral nutrition knowledge and the time of receiving enteral nutrition were increased in test group.The complications of EN were decreased in test group.Conclusion: It is helpful to intensify the healthy education in early enteral nutrition after operation.

0.05).SL increased from H -2 to H -10(P

0.05),respectively. Conclusion: The results indicate that the multidrug resistance of MEC-1/5Fu may be related to the higher expression of P-gp170 protein.

Objective To investigate the effects of salvianolic Acid A and B(Sal A,Sal B)on acute myocardial ischemia of rats.Method The rat model with acute myocardial ischemia was established by coronary ligation and intravenous injection of posterior pituitary.The effect of Sal A 10,5,2.5 mg/kg and Sal B 10 mg/kg on the electrocardiogram of different time points,serum creatine kinase(CK),lactate dehydrogenase(LDH)and myocardial infarction area were observed.Results To the rat model was established by coronary ligation,Sal A 10,5,2.5 mg/kg and Sal B 10 mg/kg could lower the ST-segment elevation,reduce infarct size and serum CPK,LDH.The effect of Sal A 10,5 mg/kg was significantly higher than that of Sal B.The role of Sal A 2.5 mg/kg was equivalent to Sal B 10 mg/kg.To the rat model was established by intravenous injection of posterior pituitary,Sal A 10,5,2.5 mg/kg and Sal B 10 mg/kg could lower the ST-segment elevation.The effect of Sal A 10,5 mg/kg was significantly higher than that of Sal B.The role of Sal A 2.5 mg/kg and sal B 10 mg/kg had no significant difference.Conclusion Treatment with Sal A 10,5 mg/kg was more effective in the rat models with acute myocardial ischemia than Sal B 10 mg/kg.Sal A 2.5 mg/kg improved acute myocardial ischemia in rats was equivalent to Sal B 10 mg/kg.

Objective To assess the association of air pollution and preterm birth in Taiyuan.Methods The preterm birth data from November 2005 to January 2007 were from Taiyuan birth surveillance system,meteorological data and air pollution data were from Shanxi Meteorological Bureau and Taiyuan Environmental Monitoring Station respectively.The case-crossover analysis and conditional Logistic regression model were used to analyze the association of air pollution and preterm birth in Taiyuan,while the meteorological factors were controlled.Results The stronger effective period of PM10 was 5-day lag and 6-day lag,of SO2 was 7-day lag and 8-days moving average.When PM10,SO2 increased 50 ?g/m3,for PM10,the OR of a 5-day lag and a 6-day lag were 1.169(95%CI:1.058～1.292),1.235(95%CI:1.115～1.367)respectively,for SO2,the OR of a 7-day lag and a 8-days moving average were 1.346(95%CI:1.122～1.616),2.203(95%CI:1.517～3.201)respectively.In sensitivity analysis,the lagged effects of PM10 and the cumulative effects of SO2 were steady.Conclusion The air pollution in Taiyuan may produce an acute effect on preterm birth.