Objective To investigate the distribution and expression of adiponectin receptors in different tissues of normal Wistar rats. Methods The rats were euthanized and the total RNA was extracted from equal weight tissue samples of cardiac muscle, skeletal muscle, liver, kidney, testicle and fat. RT-PCR was employed to amplify the isolated cDNA, and the expression of adiponectin receptors in different tissues was semi-quantitatively analyzed. Results AdipoR1 was observed in rat cardiac muscle, skeletal muscle, liver, kidney, testicle and fat, with the highest expression in testicle and fat (P

OBJECTIVE:To establish the quality criteria of fever and cough syrup for children.METHODS:Thin-layer chromatography(TLC) was employed to make qualitative determination of herbba ephedrae,radix scutellariae,radix glycyrrhi-zae in fever and cough syrup for children,and high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC) was used to determine the con-tent of amygdaloside in its chief medicinal material,almond.RESULTS:The spots in the TLC of herbba ephedrae,radix scute-llariae,radix glycyrrhizae were in the same color with those in the chromatograms of control articles.The linear range of amygdaloside was 0.198?g～4.954?g(r=1.0 000).CONCLUSION:The present method is simple,accurate sensitiveness and highly reproductive,which can be used for the quality control of this preparation.

BACKGROUND: Thawed allografts are usually discarded for various reasons. Whether these discarded allografts can be refrozen for later use and their histological changes in vivo have not been reported. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the histological characteristics of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstructed with the repetitive freeze-thawing allogenic Achilles tendon in New Zealand white rabbits. METHODS: Allogenic Achilles tendons were harvested from adult male New Zealand white rabbits, and were stored at -8 ℃ and thawed at 20 ℃ for 1, 2, 3 and 10 times, respectively, after sealed package and 60Co irradiation. Twenty-four adult male New Zealand white rabbits were enrolled: the left and right knees of 12 rabbits were respectively reconstructed with 1 (control group) and 2 times of freeze-thawing allogenic Achilles tendon, and another 12 rabbits underwent reconstruction with 3 and 10 times of freeze-thawing allogenic Achilles tendon, respectively. Three specimens from each group were evaluated with modified histology grading scores at 6, 12 and 24 weeks to assess the cell morphology, cell quantity, matrix staining intensity, fibrocartilage formation, new bone formation, tendon healing and cartilage injury. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The cell morphology, matrix staining intensity and total scores of the 10 times group were significantly higher than those of the other groups at 6 weeks (P < 0.05), but other parameters showed no significant differences among groups (P > 0.05). ACL reconstructed with 10 times of repetitive freeze-thawing allogenic Achilles tendons had higher histological scores at 6 weeks after modeling, but no significant differences were shown at 12 and 24 weeks after modeling. To conclude, our study only testifies better histological scores on the multiple times of freezethawing Achilles tendon than the less times of freeze-thawing Achilles tendon at the early period after operation.

Aflibercept is a soluble fusion protein which combines ligand-binding elements taken from the extracellular components of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) receptor-1 and receptor-2 fused to the Fc portion of IgG,and it is a novel antiVEGF drug,which can reduce vascular permeability and inhibit neoangiogenesis by binding VEGF tightly.A large number of phase Ⅲ clinical trials have demonstrated the satisfactory outcomes of aflibercept in the management of neovascular age-related macular degeneration,macular edema secondary to retinal vein occlusion or macular edema and other retinal vascular diseases.Moreover,intravitreal injection of afiibercept can improve the visual acuity and attenuate the fundus lesion,which provides a new drug option for physicians.The review will summarize the chemical properties of aflibercept and its application,safety and efficacy of aflibercept for the treatment of retinal vascular diseases.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the phenotype and genotype of plasmid-encoded AmpC and extended spectrum beta-lactamases in Klebsiella pneumoniae.METHODS 3-Aminophenylboronic acid(APB) test and ESBLs confirmatory test were used for phenotypic detection of AmpC and ESBLs.Conjugation was conducted in order to understand the spread of plasmid in bacteria.The size and genotype of ampC and ESBL genes were studied by extraction and purification of plasmid,PCR and sequencing analysis.RESULTS A plasmid of about 15kb was extracted from K.pneumoniae.This plasmid carrying resistance genes to antibiotics could be spread from K.pneumoniae to recipient Escherichia coli NK5449 through conjugation.DHA-type ampC gene and SHV-type ESBLs gene could be amplified from plasmids extracted from both K.pneumoniae and its conjugant in E.coli,they were DHA-1 ampC gene and SHV-12 ESBLs gene confirmed by sequencing analysis.CONCLUSIONS DHA-1 ampC gene and SHV-12 ESBLs gene are detected from the plasmid of K.pneumoniae.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the prevalence and resistance of extended spectram ?-lactamases(ESBLs) producers in Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae.METHODS ESBLs producing strains were screened by double disk test and confirmed by the NCCLS confirmatory test.Susceptibility test to antimicrobial agents was performed by disk diffusion method and analyzed by WHONET 5.3 and Excel.RESULTS The isolated ratio of ESBLs producing E.coli and K.pneumoniae increased from 14% and 15% in 1999 to 30.1% and 30.4% in 2002.Bacteremia caused by the two kinds of ESBLs producers accounted for 30.2% and 30.4%,respectively.ESBLs producing K.pneumoniae and(ESBLs) producing E.coli were 19.8% and 14.0% for outpatient and 26.6% and 31.6% for inpatient.The resistance of(E.coli) to 17 kinds of agents was similar,no matter it was isolated from blood,urine or sputum.Susceptibility of(ESBLs) producing E.coli and K.pneumoniae in urine to cefoperazone/sulbactam,and piperacillin/tazobactam were 85% and 65.2%,66.6% and 29.4%,although to other 15 agents there were no difference.None of the(isolates) showed resistance to imipenem.CONCLUSIONS There is an increasing trend of ESBLs producing E.coli and K.pneumoniae(isolated) from various kinds of specimens and from different wards.It is important for clinical physicians to understand the distribution and the resistance characteristics of ESBLs producing E.coli and(K.pneumoniae) to antibiotics.

Objective To investigate the feasibility of serum cardiac troponin T(cTnT) as a marker of cardiovascular events and hemodialysis (HD) adequacy in maintainence hemodialysis (MHD) patients.Methods Forty-seven cases of MHD patients were randomly divided into two groups (group A and group B).Group A received intermittent HD 4 h thrice one week,and group B received intermittent HD 4 h twice one week plus high-flux hemodiafiltration(HDF) 4 h once one week.Serum examination for blood biochemical indicator,cTnT and echocardiogram was performed every three months and at the time of recruitment.All the patients were followed up until the occurrence of death or cardiovascular events.Results After 3 months treatment,serum cTnT deceased significantly in group B compared with group A,and maintained the lower levels throughout the follow-up.E/A and LVEF had been reduced since 3 months treatment in group A,but stable in group B,E/A was lower in group A after 18 months treatment than that in group B,LVEF was lower in group A after 12 months treatment than that in group B.There were positive correlations between cTnT and E/A or LVEF in 42 cases who accomplished the follow-up of 12 months (r =0.54,0.66,P ＜0.05).Kaplan-Meier survival curve showed that the occurrence of cardiovascular events in patients with cTnT≥0.1μ g/L was higher than that with cTnT ＜0.1 μg/L in (28.5 ± 9.7) months' follow- up (Log-rank test: P =0.02).Both survival analysis and Cox analysis indicated that serum cTnT was a predictor of cardiovascular events in MHD patients.Conclusions Serum level of cTnT can be used as a marker of HD adequacy,and it is a predictor of cardiac events in MHD patients.Regular high-flux HDF increases the adequacy of HD treatment and improves the quality of life in MHD patients.

BACKGROUND: Platelet-rich plasma has been widely used in orthopedics, plastic surgery, maxillofacial surgery, sports medicine, and intractable wounds due to its advantages of simple preparation, autologous source, low cost, and good safety. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the existing research structure of platelet-rich plasma in recent 5 years worldwide by using CiteSpace software, and to analyze the research hotspots and the evolution trend of platelet-rich plasma by using the visual network map generated by the software, in order to explore the academic frontiers and provide the choice of research direction. METHODS: The Web of Science Core Collection and CNKI database were searched for platelet-rich plasma related literature records published between 2015 and 2020. We visually analyzed the enrolled studies in terms of countries/regions, institutions, authors, journals, and keywords based on the knowledge network maps generated by the CiteSpace software. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The average annual number of documents issued in China from 2015 to 2019 was 184.2; the high-yield institutions issued in cooperation were represented by the Department of Orthopaedics of the Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University; the high-yield authors issued in cooperation were represented by Shan Guiqiu; the keywords of hotspots were growth factors, bone marrow stem cells, osteoarthritis, etc. Internationally, the average annual number of documents issued in 2015-2019 was about 928.2; the countries with high yield of cooperative documents issued were the United States, China and Italy; the institutions with high yield of cooperative documents issued were New York Hospital for Special Surgery, University of Pittsburgh and Rush University; the author with high yield of cooperative documents issued was Anitua E; the keywords for hotspots were growth factors, stem cells and repair; and the influential journal was American Journal of Sports Medicine. According to the results of CiteSpace literature analysis, platelet-rich plasma has developed rapidly in the fields of orthopedics, sports medicine and tissue engineering, both at home and abroad.

Objective To investigate the value of low-pressure laparoscopic technique for appendicitis surgery during early and mid-term pregnancy.Methods The clinical data of 13 pregnant women underwent low-pressure laparoscopic appendectomy from July 2007 to December 2010 were analyzed retrospectively.Results All the 13 cases were performed laparoscopic appendectomy successfully without laparotomy and cured completely before discharged from hospital No intestinal fistula,wound infection,abortion and other complications occurred.During follow-up,9 cases of full-term pregnancy patients gave birth to healthy babies,and there was no abortion and premature delivery on 4 patients still in their pregnancy.Conclusion For women at early or mid-term pregnancy with acute appendicitis,low-pressure laparoscopic appendectomy could reduce the stimulus of surgical operation on uterus and decrease the risk of abortion.

Objective To obtain purified myosin-Vc (Myo5c) protein and prepare its polyclonal antibodies of mouse and rabbit. Methods The fragment encoding Myo5c specific protein (297 amino acids) was amplified with RT-PCR from human gastric mucosa. The product and the prokaryotic expression plasmid pQE-31 containing 6?His were used to construct pQE-31/Myo5c. The recombinant was transformed into E. coli JM109 and induced to express with IPTG. The objective product was purified. BALB/c mice and rabbits were immunized with the purified Myo5c protein and the antiserum was obtained. Titer and specificity of the polyclonal antibodies were determined by ELISA and Western blotting. Results pQE-31/Myo5c was successfully constructed. The fusion protein of Myo5c with molecular weight 42 000 was obtained and purified. The recombined protein showed immunogenicity. Mouse or rabbit antiserum with high level of specific antibodies for Myo5c was obtained. Indirect immunostaining and Western blotting analysis demonstrated that the antibodies could recognize native Myo5c protein. Conclusion Our results suggest that the prepared antibodies might be useful in studying the function of Myo5c in intracellular trafficking of endocytic vesicle, such as viruses.