Objective To investigate the effect of intraperitoneal local anesthetic on patients undergone laparoscopic cholecysteetomy (LC).Methods Thirty-six patients (ASAⅠ-Ⅱ),who were undergoing selective LC were randomly divided into there groups.GroupⅠreceived preoperational anesthetic spary with 30 ml of 0.5% ropivacaine.GroupⅡwas given the anesthetic at a same dosage after the operation.While groupⅢwas set as a control by using 0.9% NaCl instead of ropivacaine.The LC was completed under general anesthesia.After the operation,visual analog scale (VAS) was recorded at 6,24,and 48 hours to evaluate the degree of postoperative pain.Meanwhile,the number of the patients who received anesthetics after the surgery,as well as the incidence rates shoulder or back pain and nausea or vomiting were recorded.Results Postoperative VAS of the groupⅠwas significantly lower than that of the other two groups,while the VAS of groupⅡwas significantly lower than that in groupⅢ(both P0.05). Conclusions Intraperitoneal local anesthetic can significantly reduce postoperative pain after LC.It is more effective to give local anesthetic at the end of the procedure than using it before operation.

Objective To investigate the role of pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) after upper abdominal operationMethods Twenty-six patients undergoing upper abdominal surgery, were divided randomly into three groups: epidural block(EB,n=10), intravenous propofol anesthesia(PRO, n=10) and intravenous procaine balanced anesthesia(IPBA,n=6) The venous blood samples were collected to measure of erythrocytes hexokinase (HK), phosphofructokinase (PFK) and glucose-6-phasphate dehydrogenase (G-6PD), and activities, and plasma glucose before anesthesia induction, 60 min after incision,60 min after surgery, on the 1st and 2nd postoperative daysResults Compared with the values before anesthesia, the activities of erythrocyte HK and PFK decreased significantly on the 1st postoperative day in three groups (P

Objective Surgical stress induces a series of endocrine and metabolic changes including glucose metabolism and insulin-resistance. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the changes in glucose transporter-4 (Glut-4) mRNA expression in skeletal muscle after cholecystectomy under epidural block. Methods One gram of the rectus abdominis muscle was taken while abdomen was being opened and closed in patients undergoing cholecystectomy under epidural block. Total RNA of the muscle cells was extracted by trizol one-step template. RT-PCR was used to determine the Glut-4 mRNA amplification products with ?-actin mRNA as an internal control. The Glut-4 mRNA expression was expressed by (desired gene/ ?-actin?100% . The plasma glucose and insulin levels were determined at the same time. Results Glut-4 mRNA expression was significantly reduced (P 0.05 ) . Conclusions The results indicated that the synthesis of Glut-4 is suppressed by surgical stress of cholecystectomy under epidural block leading to insulin resistance.

ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of lentivirus-mediated heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) gene on calcium homeostasis in PC12 cells undergone ischemia and hypoxia, and the mechanism involved.Methods PC12 cells at logarithmic phase were collected, and were divided into recombination lentivirus infection group (infected by lentivirus containing HSP70 and fluorescent gene), lentivirus control group (infected by lentivirus containing fluorescin without HSP70 gene) and non-infection group. HSP70 gene and protein expressions in PC12 cells were determined by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western Blot. After being challenged with ischemia and hypoxia for 4 hours, the viability of cells was detected by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT), the levels of lactic acid dehydrogenase (LDH) in cell supernatant were determined by LDH measurement test kit. The concentration of intracelluer calcium ([Ca2+]i) was assayed by flow cytometer. The activities of Na+-K+-ATPase, Ca2+-Mg2+-ATPase and total ATPase were measured by ATPase test kits.Results The expressions of exogenous HSP70 gene and protein were found by RT-PCR and Western Blot in the recombination lentivirus infection group. After being challenged with ischemia and hypoxia, the viability of cells in the recombination lentivirus infection group was increased significantly as compared with the lentivirus control group and non-infection group (A value: 0.575±0.020 vs. 0.395±0.014, 0.363±0.045,t1= 17.996,t2= 10.600, bothP< 0.001), the levels of LDH in culture medium and the concentration of [Ca2+]i were decreased significantly [LDH (U/L): 743.46±23.68 vs. 935.43±34.77, 962.89±26.68,t1= 11.179, t2= 15.044, bothP< 0.001; [Ca2+]i relative fluorescence: (31.60±2.43)% vs. (41.48±3.33)%, (40.40±3.05)%, t1= 5.853,t2= 5.502, bothP< 0.001], and the activities of Na+-K+-ATPase, Ca2+-Mg2+-ATPase and total ATPase were increased significantly [Na+-K+-ATPase (μmol·mg-1·h-1): 8.608±0.307 vs. 6.728±0.173, 6.450±0.091,t1=9.237,P1= 0.001,t2= 11.675,P2< 0.001; Ca2+-Mg2+-ATPase (μmol·mg-1·h-1): 10.523±0.036 vs. 7.910±0.209, 8.064±0.195,t1= 9.718,P1= 0.001,t2= 11.535,P2<0.001; total ATPase (μmol·mg-1·h-1): 17.041±0.324 vs. 14.150±0.182, 13.983±0.085,t1= 16.113,t2= 17.602, bothP<0.001]. There was no statistical difference in above indexes between lentivirus control group and non-infection group.Conclusion HSP70 can maintain the PC12 cells calcium homeostasis, which may be one of the important mechanisms of anti-apoptosis.

AIM　To study the electrochemical behavior of ofloxacin at Pt/GC ion implantation modified electrode. METHODS　With Pt/GC ion implantation modified electrode as working electrode, the behavior of ofloxacin was studied by voltammetry in 0.40 mol*L-1 KCl solution. RESULTS　A sensitive reductive peak of ofloxacin was obtained by linear sweep voltammetry. The peak potential was -1.35 V (vs SCE). The peak current was proportional to the concentration of ofloxacin over the range of 1.0×10-6-3.0×10-5 mol*L-1 with the detection limit of 5.0×10-7 mol*L-1. The behavior of reduction wave was studied and applied to determination of ofloxacin in tablets. CONCLUSION　The reduction process was irreversible. The element composition, atomicity form and depth of distribution at the surface of Pt/GC electrode were determined by Auger electron spectroscopy (AES), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and scannig electron microscope (SEM). The catalysis behavior and reaction mechanism at Pt/GC modified electrode was also studied.

Objective To study the influence on primipara's second stage of labor with the methods of Changqiang-pressing and Vaginal-pressing. Methods 180 primipara in the second stage of labor were randomly divided into 3 groups of 60 each, in which Changqiang-pressing, Vaginal-pressing and general guidance (the control group) were used respectively. The duration of uterine contraction and second stage of labor, vaginal bleeding amount in 2 hours after delivery, mode of delivery, perineal injury and birth case would be evaluated. Results The results in both Changqiang-pressing group and Vaginal-pressing group were statistically significant when compared with the control group, but there was no significant difference between Changqiang-pressing group and Vaginal-pressing group. Conclusions Using Changqiang-pressing and Vaginal-pressing can promote the progress of the second stage of labor for primipara, reduce the rate of cesarean section and neonatal asphyxia, and improve the quality of obstetric department.

Objective To investigate the effect of massaging Changqiang acupuncture point during the second labor course of primiparas. Methods 124 primiparas were randomized into the observation group(63 cases)and the control group (61 cases). In the observation group, after entering the second stage of labor, Changqiang point was massaged upwards by using index finger and middle finger, and at the same time primiparas were guided to hold breath to coordinate with uterine contraction to make effort to the anus point which was massaged. While the control group were directed with routine way of correctly using abdominal pressure during process of uterine contraction in the second stage of labor. Results The lasting time of uterine contraction was significantly longer in the observation group than in the control group, the time of second stage of labor was shorter, and the amount of postpartum hemorrhage in the observation group was less than those in the control group. Conclusions Application of massaging Changqiang acupuncture point could prolonge the time of uterine contraction, advance the progress of second stage of labor, and decreased the amount of postpartum hemorrhage.

OBJECTIVE:Alfuzosin concentration in human serum was determined by RP-HPLC METHODS:The mobile phase was methanol-acetonitrile-phosphate buffer-triethylamine(10∶30∶60∶0 05) After being extracted with ethyl ace_tate,alfuzosin was analyzed by reversed-phase HPLC (Shim-pack CLC-ODS,4 6mm?150mm,5?m)and fluorescence detection with excitation wavelength set at 334nm and emission at 378nm RESULTS:Over the concentration range of 0 4～51 2?g/L,the linear regression equation was A=0 3 909C+0 0 605(n=8,r=0 9 996) The average recovery of alfuzosin was 99 4% The intra-and inter-day RSDs were less than 15% CONCLUSION:The method is accurate and can be used for studying the pharmacokinetics of alfuzosin

Objective To explore glycogen synthase kinase -3β( GSK-3β) activity and Toll-like receptor 4 ( TLR4 ) proteins expression of microglia were tested in vitro experiments, and the possible mechanism of postoperative cognitive dysfunction(POCD).Methods The cell morphology of primary culture microglia was observed by inverted microscope;microglia were identified by glial fibrillary acidic protein ( GFAP ) immunofluorescence;the best POCD modeling conditions of microglia injury induced by lipopolysaccharides( LPS) were screened ; microglia vigor was assayed by MTT ; the proteins expressions of GSK-3βand TLR4 of microglia were detected by Western blot.Results GFAP immunofluorescence showed a positive result that primary culture of rat microglia was successful;MTT result showed that the best PODC modeling conditions of microglia injury induced by LPS (100 ng/mL) was 7h; Western blot results showed that the preotein expressions of GSK-3βand TLR4 of microglial cells were up-regulated by LPS compared with the control group,and there were significantly differences (P<0.01).Conclusion PODC pathogenesis may be associated with LPS that could up-regulat the protein expression of GSK-3βand TLR4 in microglial cells.

A 16-year-old woman presented plaques on the left auricle and face over a period of 3 years. Fungal culture grew black-grey or dust velvety colony on Sabouraud's dextrose agar plate. A slide culture on potato dextrose agar plate showed conidiophores which were unbranched or occasionally loosely branched. The conidia were sympodial, zero- to two- septate, with rounded apices and truncated bases. The optimum growth temperature was 26℃ - 30℃. The fungus had the ability to liquefy glutin and hydrolyze starch. Anti-fungal susceptibility test showed the fungus was susceptible to itraconazole, terbinafine and amphoterecin B, but resistant to fluconazole. Cutaneous biopsy specimens revealed brown hyphae and budding yeast cells. The sequence of internal transcribed spacer (ITS) 1-ITS4 region of the isolate rDNA was assessed and compared against the Genebank databases. A 99% consistence was observed in the ITS sequence between clinical isolate and reference strain of Veronaea botryose Ciferri et Momtemartini. Based on the above findings, the mold was identified as Veronaea botryose Ciferri et Momtemartini. The lesions gradually subsided after 8-month treatment with oral itraconazole of 100 mg twice daily.