Objective:To explore correlation among serum uric acid (UA), homocysteine (Hcy) levels and coronary disease severity in aged patients with coronary heart disease (CHD).Methods: A total of 98 aged CHD patients, who were treated in our department from Jan 2014 to Dec 2015, were selected.According to Gensini score, they were divided into low score group (≤30 scores, n=32), medium score group (30~60 scores, n=33) and high score group (≥60 scores, n=33).Serum concentrations of UA and Hcy, coronary stenosis degree calculated by Gensini score and coronary intimal atherosclerotic plaque proportion calculated by Sullivan score were measured and compared among three groups.Results: Compared with low Gensini score group, there were significant rise in serum concentrations of UA [(207.51±79.57) μmol/L vs.(324.12±81.36) μmol/L vs.(454.32±99.15) μmol/L] and Hcy [(10.32±6.84) μmol/L vs.(19.95±7.69) μmol/L vs.(28.92±7.85) μmol/L] in medium score group and high score group, and those of high score group were significantly higher than those of medium score group, P<0.05 or <0.01.Spearman rank correlation analysis indicated that serum UA concentration was significant positively correlated with serum Hcy concentration (r=0.557, P=0.042);Gensini score and Sullivan score were significantly positive correlated with serum concentrations of UA and Hcy in CHD patients (r=0.559~0.894, P<0.05 or <0.01).Conclusion: Coronary disease severity is significant positively correlated with serum concentrations of UA and Hcy in aged CHD patients.Their combined detection may have better effect, which is worth extending.

Objective To investigate the significance of osteo-immunology related factor transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) and interleukin 6 (IL-6) in bone of rats with chronic fluorosis.Methods Thirty-six healthy SD rats were divided to three groups according to body weight with the method of random digits table.The rats of control were fed with tap water(NaF ＜ 1 mg/L) and the experimental rats were exposed to NaF (lower dose group:5 mg/L,higher dose group:50 rmg/L) added to the drinking water to establish the chronic fluorosis model.All rats were killed on the six months and the metaphysic of femoral was collected.Bone fluorine was detected by ashing-fluorin ion selective electrode method.Bone tissues were stained with hematoxylin-eosin and observed under optical microscope.The content of bone alkaline phosphatase (BALP) in rat serum was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).The expressions of TGF-β1 and IL-6 mRNA and protein in bone were detected by in situ hybridization (ISH) and immunohistochemistry (IHC).Results The contents of bone fluorine were increased gradually in the control,the lower and higher doses fluoride groups[(306.04 ± 12.57),(652.91 ± 51.83),(1 094.11 ± 91.41)mg/kg,F =31.14,P ＜ 0.05].Bone sclerosis could be observed under optical microscope in lower and higher dose groups.The content of BALP in serum increased with the dose of fluoride gradually in the control,the lower and higher doses fluoride groups[(27.78 ± 4.09),(46.59 ± 5.75),(57.45 ± 3.99)U/L],expressions of mRNA (111.84 ± 4.62,123.86 ± 7.46,140.83 ± 5.21) and protein (118.60 ± 7.09,133.17 ± 7.33,145.67 ± 9.61) of TGF-β1 were both increased(F =30.29,73,28,33.65,all P ＜ 0.05).The expressions of mRNA(117.78 ± 7.01,119.90 ± 5.10) and protein(122.79 ± 6.49,123.81 ± 7.99) of IL-6 were both higher than those of the control (106.49 ± 6.76,112.11 ± 5.80,F =15.47、10.83,all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The expressions of osteo-immunology related factor TGF-β1 and IL-6 in bone of rats with chronic fluorosis have changed,which indicates that fluoride can impact the increased bone formation by regulating the micro environment of bone.

Objective To observe the changes of SOD and MDA after the rabbits were exposed to acute hypoxia when cured by oxygen therapy.Methods New Zealand rabbits underwent hypoxia imitating the 4500-meter sea level in altitude chamber(group E,n=6),then some received oxygen therapy,the volume ratio of oxygen-nitrogen mixture was 25%,30% and 35% respectively for 10,5 and 3 hours as group B,C and D.Another 5 rabbits received no treatment as normal group.The rabbits samples were collected at the time points of 1,3,5,10 and 24 hours after the oxygen therapy started to detect serum biochemical indicators.Results Comparing with normal control group,serum SOD activity in simple hypoxia group noticeably decreased and the content of MDA noticeably increased;in three oxygen therapy groups,serum SOD activity in 25% oxygen therapy group was highest and the content of MDA was lowest.Serum SOD activity in 25% oxygen therapy group had ascendant tendency and the content of MDA had descendant tendency.Conclusions Low concentration oxygen therapy can prevent acute hypoxia-induced injury in rabbits,besides increase oxygen partial pressure,oxygen therapy may improve superoxide dismutase activity.

The compounds from the root of Rhododendron molle G. Don were isolated, purified by various chromatographic techniques, and their structures were identified according to the physical and chemical features and spectral data. Three compounds were separated from the root of Rhododendron molle G. Don and identified as Rhodojaponin-III, taraxerol, beta-sitosterol for the first time.
Diterpenes/*isolation & purification ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/chemistry ; Oleanolic Acid/*analogs & derivatives ; Oleanolic Acid/isolation & purification ; Plant Roots/*chemistry ; Rhododendron/*chemistry ; Sitosterols/*isolation & purification

Objective To study the effects and its probable mechanism of ultrasound-irradiation docetaxel-loaded microbubbles on apoptosis in human liver cancer cells MHCC97-H.Methods The MHCC97-H cells were randomly divided into 4 groups:control group,docetaxel-loaded microbubb[es group(DM),Ultrasound group (US),ultrasound irradiating docetaxel-loaded microbubbles group (DM + US).The livability,the morphological change of cells,cell apoptosis rate and the expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen and MAPK pathway members of each group were respectively detected.Results After 24h,MTT test showed that the livability of MHCC97-H cells of DM group,US group and DM + US group were (76.0±3.0)％,(73.0± 5.0)％ and (52.0 ± 6.0)％ respectively,which was significantly declined comparing with control group (P ＜ 0.05).The morphological of tumor cells in control group remain normal size and grow eugenic,while the cells of DM group,US group and DM + US group decreased,their shapes were irregular,the intercellular space increased,and cells apoptosis occured in the medium.The cells in DM + US group were changed significantly.FCM showed the apoptosis rate of DM + US group was (26.81 ± 2.82) ％,which was declined clearly compared with (2.90 ± 0.99) ％ of the control group (P ＜0.05).Western-blot showed that the expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen and p-ERK1/2 protein in DM + US group were down-regulated,and meanwhile p-p38 protein in human liver cancer cells MHCC97-H was up-regulated.Conclusions The method of ultrasound irradiating docetaxel-loaded microbubbles can significantly induce human liver cancer cells MHCC97-H apoptosis by regulating the expression of related protein.

As an important protein molecule for innate immunity,Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7) is also a bridge between innate immunity and adaptive immunity.When TLR7 is activated,it can exert its effect on liver diseases through different signaling pathways.Studies on the role and application of TLR7 agonist in liver diseases are increasing in recent years.This article reviewed the research on TLR7 agonist in liver diseases.

Objective To investigate the changes and significance of plasma interleukin (IL)-6,IL-8,tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and nitric oxide synthase (NOS) in acute blood loss patients.Methods The levels of plasma IL-6,IL-8,TNF-α and NOS were determined in 25 patients with acute blood loss(blood loss group) and 25 healthy controls(control group) by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.Result The levels of plasma IL-6,IL-8,TNF-α and NOS in blood loss group were higher than those in control group (0.284 ± 0.027 vs.0.204 ± 0.016,0.059 ± 0.079 vs.0.037 ± 0.039,0.460 ± 0.024 vs.0.372 ±0.018,0.637 ±0.054 vs.0.443 ±0.040,P＜0.05 or ＜0.01).Conclusions First,the expressions of IL-6,IL-8,TNF-α and NOS are strongly induced at the circumstances of acute early stage blood loss which can cause inflammatory reaction,aggravate the damage of soft tissues and organs,and easy to lead the blood loss to uncontrolled hemorrhagic shock.Second,the expression of NOS is strongly induced at the circumstances of acute blood loss which should reduce the damage of soft tissue,and alleviate the hemorrhagic shock.Therefore,the levels of plasma IL-6,IL-8,TNF-α and NOS can estimate the illness prognosis and curative effect,which have important clinical instruction value for effective treatment of hemorrhagic shock.

Based on previous report that the Chinese herb Ligustrum lucidum (LL) extract directly inhibited hepatitis C virus (HCV) replicase (NS5B) activity, the active components of LL extract to inhibit HCV NS5B activity and their inhibition mode were investigated in this study. LL extract was separated using ethyl acetate and thin layer chromatography (TLC). The inhibitory activity of separated fractions on HCV NS5B was analyzed by the inhibitory assay of NS5B activity. The results showed that only fractions 1 and 2 inhibited NS5B activity, and fraction 2 possessed higher inhibitory activity than fraction 1. HPLC analysis combined with inhibitory assays indicated that ursolic acid and oleanolic acid are the active components within fractions 1 and 2 to inhibit NS5B activity, separately. Moreover, oleanolic acid possessed higher inhibitory activity than ursolic acid. Further inhibition mode analysis found that both oleanolic acid and ursolic acid suppressed NS5B activity as noncompetitive inhibitors. The Ki values of ursolic acid and oleanolic acid were about 4.7 microg x mL(-1) (10 micromol x kg(-1)) and 2.5 microg x mL(-1) (5.5 micromol x kg(-1)), respectively. Taken together, these results demonstrated that oleanolic acid and ursolic acid suppressed NS5B activity as noncompetitive inhibitors, implying that the two natural products have potential value for HCV therapy.

BACKGROUND:Sodium alginate and chitosan are the polycation and polyanion natural polymer materials respectively, and they can be crosslinking agents complementing each other to form composite gel and avoid the cytotoxicity resulting from some common crosslinking agents .
OBJECTIVE:To prepare the chitosan-sodium alginate composite gel and evaluate its cytotoxicity in vitro. METHODS:Chitosan was dissolved in 0.25 mol/L acetic acid to make a 30 g/L mass concentration solution, and 0.1 mol/L NaOH solution was added to neutralize its acidity. Neutralization of the chitosan solutions leads to the formation of a precipitate in ultrasmal particles. Then the chitosan and 3%sodium alginate solution in deionized water were mixed in 1:1 volume ratio by high frequency oscil ating to produce composite gel. The composite gel were detected by scanning electron microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectrometry after freeze-drying. The 24-hour and 72-hour leaching solutions of composite gel, 24-hour and 72-hour leaching solutions of polyethylene and phenol solution were added to the L-929 cells’ culture medium respectively in order to evaluate the cytotoxicity of composite gel in vitro.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The results of Fourier transform infrared spectrometry showed the variation of characteristic peak values of composite gel which were different from sodium alginate and chitosan;and under scanning electron microscope, a spatial network structure formed with abundant intervals. Result of the cytotoxicity valuation was qualified for the chitosan-sodium alginate composite gel. These findings indicate that the chitosan-sodium alginate composite gel can be used as tissue engineering scaffold materials.

Objective To summarize the perioperative nursing of undergoing radical cystectomy with ileal neobladder for the treatment of bladder cancer? Method The nursing measures included preoperative psychological care,bowel and body preparation as well as postoperative nursing of drainage tube,ileal bladder irrigation,bladder functional exercise and basic nursing care? Results No patients suffered from postoperative complications such as infections,urinary fistula and anastomotic leakage? Twenty patients recovered autonomous urination within 3-6 months after the operation? One patient got minor urinal incontinence? Conclusions Cystectomy with orthotopic ileal neobladder trauma contributes to more complications due to large surgical trauma? Therefore,good perioperative care is important for the successful operations?