Objective To investigate the level about illness perception in patients with coronary heart disease. Methods From July to De-cember, 2015, 198 inpatients with coronary heart disease who were admitted into hospitals twice or more were enrolled. They were assessed with Illness Perception Questionnaire-Revised (IPQ-R). Results The score of common symptoms was (4.55±1.64). The symptoms, for exam-ple, chest pains, uncomfortable feeling in chest, cold sweat, flustered and breathlessness were most frequently experienced and most often identified. For the illness perception part, the scores on subscales of treatment control and consequences were higher than 3, which was the neutral point. For the cause dimension part, the highest scores was (3.38 ± 0.90) in diet or eating habits, followed by (3.38 ± 0.89) in aging. Among these factors, immune factors had the highest mean score, followed by stress factor. Conclusion The level of illness perception in pa-tients with coronary heart disease was in the middle level, and individual differences were obvious. The awareness of the disease and the in-tervention of the patient should be strengthened.

Objective To improve the diagnosis rate and decrease misdiagnosis through analyzing the clinical and experimental features of neuroblastoma (NB) in children.Methods The clinical and experimental features associated with the misdiagnosis factors of 22 NB cases were analyzed retrospectively.Results Of the 22 cases,leg pain in 15 cases (68.18 ％),fever in 19 cases (86.36 ％),anemia in 20 cases (90.90 ％),abdominal pain and bloating in 15 cases (68.18 ％),exophthalmoses and bruises eyes in 4 cases (18.18 ％) and easily perspire in 20 cases (90.90 ％).Abdomen was the most common primary site founding in 16 cases (accounting for 72.72 ％),followed by mediastinum founding in 4 cases (accounting for 18.18 ％),other sites were 2 cases (9.09 ％).Laboratory results showed that anemia was the most common cause in 20 cases (90.90 ％),oligoleukocythemia in 2 cases (9.09 ％) and less in thrombocytopenia about 3 cases (13.63 ％).Elevated values were recorded in 77.77 ％ of patients for vanillylmandelic acid (VMA),86.36 ％ for ferritin (Fer),90.90 ％ for lactate dehydrogenase (LDH),and in 100.00 ％ for neuron specific enolase (NSE).20 cases were found metastasis when diagnosed,which accounted for 90.90 ％.16 cases (72.72 ％) were found tumour cells which determined in bone marrow and 20 cases (90.90 ％) were positive for CD56-FITC/CD81-PE/CD45-Percp by flow cytometry (FCM).12 (54.54 ％) of 22 NB cases were misdiagnosed for rheumatoid diseases (4 cases),dyspepsia (4 cases),leukemia (3 cases) and thrambocytopenia (1 case).In 22 cases,20 cases (90.90 ％) were positive for CT scan.16 cases (72.72 ％) were positive for abdominal B ultrasonography,and 14 cases (63.63 ％) were positive for radionuclide bone scan.Conclusion Bultrasonography and CT scan will contribute to find the primary focus of NB at early stage.VMA,bone marrow smear,biopsy and FCM detection could reduce misdiagnose rate.

Objective To explore the association of estrogen receptor β expression with different stages and molecular subtypes of invasive breast cancer.Methods The clinicopathologic data of 446 invasive breast cancer cases was retrospectively analyzed.ERβ expression was evaluated by types and stages.Results Of all 446 invasive breast cancer cases,328 (73.5％) were ERβ positive.The ERβ positive rate was 77.9％ (240/308) and 63.8％ (88/138) in ERα + group and ERα-group,respectively.The ERβ expression in breast cancer was positively correlated with ERα (P ＜ 0.01) while it had no correlation with PR,histological grade,HER-2 and Ki-67 (P ＞ 0.05).ERβ expression was not significantly different among different age,tumor size and axillary lymph node groups(all P ＞ 0.05).A total of 418 invasive breast cancer cases were recruited for pathologic stage and NPI analysis,including 168 cases at stage Ⅰ,152 cases at stage Ⅱ and 98 cases at stage Ⅲ.ERβ expression was not significantly different among different stages of breast cancer(P =0.743).Analyzed in these 418 cases,NPI was ＜ 3.4 in 126 cases,3.4-5.4 in 207 cases and ＞ 5.4 in 85 cases.ERβ expression was not significantly different among different NPI group (P =0.644).The ERβ positive rate in Luminal A subtype,Luminal B1 subtype,Luminal B2 subtype,HER-2 subtype and TN subtype was 75.6％ (88/118),75.9％ (110/145),85.2％ (46/54),68.4％ (39/57) and 62.5％ (45/72) respectively.ERβ expression was significantly different between Luminal subtype and non-Luminal subtype (P =0.007).Conclusions ERβ was not differentially expressed among different breast cancer stages and NPI groups.ERβ was differentially expressed in different breast cancer molecular subtypes.

Objective:To investigate the clinical characteristics of children with high-risk acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) receiving lasting remission after severe infection.Methods:The data of 3 children with high-risk ALL who were treated in Children's Hospital Affiliated of Zhengzhou University in 2014, 2015 and 2017 were analyzed retrospectively. The clinical and laboratory characteristics of all patients were also analyzed, and the relevant literatures were reviewed.Results:All 3 children were clinically classified as high-risk ALL with severe infection. A variety of anti-infective drugs and blood products were used in the treatment, and all achieved lasting remission.Conclusions:Children with high-risk ALL after severe infection can acquire lasting remission, which may be related with the production of infection stimulating inflammatory factors and cytokines to activate certain immune pathways, or various kinds of antibiotics, blood products participating in the immune regulation to make the body regain the immune surveillance function of the tumor cells.

Based on the analysis of the traditional teaching quality evaluation system,this study designs and develops the immediately teaching and learning evaluation system with the WeChat according to the large data and formative evaluation theory.The B/S + official account of WeChat model is used to design and develop this system to realize instant feedback to the instructor,the background of real-time data analysis and early warning.This system has been applied in Southern Medical University for 2 years and has achieved good results.Due to the adoption of the widely used WeChat public number platform,the participation and evaluation of students have been improved,and the quality of teachers' teaching has improved.And through the background analysis,we find the separation of teaching and learning.

Objective To explore the safety and cosmetic effect of nipple-sparing modified radical mas tectomy and immediate tissue expander implantation with single circumaereolar incision.Methods 30 patients were enrolled in Peking Union Medical College Hospital between Jan.2014 and Dec.2015.All the patients were categorized according to surgical incision (single circumaereolar incision group vs double incisions group).Data on clinicopathological parameters,average hospital stay,complications and overall cosmetic effect were retrospectively collected.Data was performed with Chi-square test,Fisher exact test and t-test.Statistical significance was defined as P＜0.05.Results 19 patients were enrolled in single circumaereolar incision group,and 11 patients in double incisions group.There was no significant difference for operation duration (P=0.093) and average hospital stay (P=0.339).After follow-up for 19.1 months,ranging from 8 to 31 months,no patients developed seroma or arm lymphedema.There was no statistical significance between the two groups in terms of sensation in nippleaereolar area (P=0.973),bilateral symmetry (P=0.650) and overall cosmesis (P=0.483).Conclusion single circumaereolar incision nipple-sparing modified radical mastectomy and immediate tissue expander implantation can be one of the preferable surgical procedures with benefits of minimal invasiveness,reliable oncological safety and decent cosmetic effect.

Objective: To explore the association between the 21-gene recurrence score (RS) and clinicopathologic characteristics as well as prognosis in patients with axillary lymph node negative, hormone receptor (HR) positive breast cancer. Methods: The clinicopathologic data of 439 early breast cancer patients who underwent 21 gene RS testing was retrospectively analyzed. According to the 21 gene RS, the patients were divided into low risk (295 cases), intermediate risk (111 cases) and high-risk (33 cases) group. The relationship between the 21 gene RS and clinicopathological characteristics, treatment, recurrence and metastasis was analyzed. Univariate and multivariate statistical analyses were used to analyze the risk factors for relapse free survival (RFS). Results: Tumor grade, estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR) and Ki-67 index were significantly different among the 3 risk cohorts (P<0.001 for all). After a median follow-up of 32 months, the recurrence rate in low risk group (3.7%) was significantly lower than that in the intermediate-high risk group (9.0%), the locoregional recurrence (LRR) rate of low, intermediate and high risk group was 2.4%, 6.3% and 9.1%; and the distant metastasis (DM) rate in low risk group was 1.4% and 2.1% in the intermediate-high risk group. Univariate analysis showed RS, ER status and endocrine therapy were prognostic factors for RFS (P<0.05 for all). Multivariate analysis showed that RS was an independent significant predictor for RFS (P=0.04). Conclusions The 21-gene RS is related to tumor grade, ER, PR and Ki-67 index. RS is an independent risk factor for RFS in patients with hormone receptor positive early-stage breast cancer.

Objective To investigate the changes in Th17 cells and CD4+CD25+regulatory T lym-phocytes ( Treg) as well as transcription factors and cytokines relating to them in children with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-associated hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) and to analyze their role and clinical significance. Methods Thirty-two children with newly diagnosed EBV-associated HLH in the Hematology/Oncology Department of Zhengzhou Children′s Hospital from January 2012 to December 2016 were enrolled in this study. Thirty healthy children taking physical examination in the same hospital in the corresponding period were recruited as controls. Percentages of Th17 and Treg cells in peripheral blood T lymphocytes were detected by flow cytometry. Expression of RORγt and Foxp3 at mRNA level in peripheral blood mononuclear cells was detected by real-time PCR. Levels of IL-6, IL-17, IL-10 and TGF-β1 in serum samples were measured by ELISA. Results Compared with the control group, the EBV-associated HLH group showed in-creased percentage of Th17 cells [(1. 09±0. 43)％ vs (0. 39±0. 19)％, P<0. 05] and enhanced expres-sion of RORγt at mRNA level [(1. 41±0. 37) vs (0. 67±0. 13), P<0. 05], but decreased percentage of Treg cells [(3. 66±1. 13)％ vs (6. 80±1. 15)％, P<0. 05] and inhibited expression of Foxp3 at mRNA level [(15. 97±5. 11) vs (30. 23±4. 95), P<0. 05]. All of the above mentioned changes were reversed af-ter treatment (P<0. 05). Serum levels of IL-6 and IL-17 of EBV-associated HLH group were higher than those of control group, while serum levels of IL-10 and TGF-β1 were lower (P<0. 05). Conclusion Im-balanced Th17/Treg cells might play an important role in the pathogenesis of EBV-associated HLH. Cyto-kines relating to the maintenance of Th17/Treg cell balance could be used as indicators of disease develop-ment.

Purpose: Progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis (PFIC) is a rare genetic autosomal recessive disease caused by mutations in ATP8B1, ABCB11 or ABCB4. Mutational analysis of these genes is a reliable approach to identify the disorder. Methods: We collected and analyzed relevant data related to clinical diagnosis, biological investigation, and molecular determination in nine children carrying these gene mutations, who were from unrelated families in South China. Results: Of the nine patients (five males, four females) with PFIC, one case of PFIC1, four cases of PFIC2, and four cases of PFIC3 were diagnosed. Except in patient no. 8, jaundice and severe pruritus were the major clinical signs in all forms. γ-glutamyl transpeptidase was low in patients with PFIC1/PFIC2, and remained mildly elevated in patients with PFIC3. We identified 15 different mutations, including nine novel mutations (p.R470HfsX8, p.Q794X and p.I1170T of ABCB11 gene mutations, p.G319R, p.A1047P, p.G1074R, p.T830NfsX11, p.A1047PfsX8 and p.N1048TfsX of ABCB4 gene mutations) and six known mutations (p.G446R and p.F529del of ATP8B1 gene mutations, p.A588V, p.G1004D and p.R1057X of ABCB11 gene mutations, p.P479L of ABCB4 gene mutations). The results showed that compared with other regions, these three types of PFIC genes had different mutational spectrum in China. Conclusion The study expands the genotypic spectrum of PFIC. We identified nine novel mutations of PFIC and our findings could help in the diagnosis and treatment of this disease.

Objective:To explore the expression of fructose bisphosphate aldolase A (ALDOA) in the bone marrow of patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and the correlation with clinical features and prognosis.Methods:The bone marrow samples of 90 newly diagnosed AML (non-acute promyelocytic leukemia) patients and 18 allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation donors who were treated from January 2013 to December 2015 in the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University and the Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University were collected. The relative expression level of ALDOA mRNA in bone marrow samples was detected by using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Clinical data of these patients were retrospectively analyzed, and the patients were divided into continuous complete remission (CR) group and refractory recurrent (RR) group according to the clinical response and follow-up results. The differences of the relative expression level of ALDOA mRNA between AML group and the normal control group, CR group and RR group were analyzed. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression risk model were used for analysis of factors influencing prognosis of AML patients.Results:The relative expression level of ALDOA mRNA in AML group was higher than that in normal control group [(5.71±0.44) vs. (1.10±0.08), t = 4.74, P<0.001]. The relative expression level of ALDOA mRNA in the RR group was higher than that in the CR group [(6.69±0.67) vs. (4.30±0.36) , t = 2.79, P < 0.001]. In addition, there were statistically significant differences in the proportion of patients with ALDOA mRNA high expression and those with ALDOA mRNA low expression stratified by the number of white blood cell, the proportion of bone marrow blasts and whether complete remission could be achieved or not after 1 course of induction therapy (all P < 0.05). Overall survival in patients with ALDOA high expression was worse than that in patients with ALDOA low expression ( χ2 = 5.59, P = 0.018). Multivariate analysis showed that white blood cell count, prognosis stratification, whether complete remission could be achieved or not after 1 course of induction therapy and ALDOA expression were the independent prognostic factors for the death of AML patients (all P < 0.05). Conclusions:ALDOA may play an important role in the development and progression of AML, and the expression level of ALDOA in the bone marrow can be used as an index for the prognosis assessment of AML patients and may be a potential therapeutic target for AML.