Objective To understand the prevalence of major non-communicable chronic diseases among the adults in the airport district of Beijing.Methods With the same proportion and multi-stage stratified cluster sampling,the prevalent rates of primary existing chronic diseases were investigated in 650 residents aged over 18 years and lived in Beijing for more than 6 months.Each participant was invited to receive a set of standardized questionnaire,physical examinations and laboratory tests.Results The prevalent rates of hypertension,diabetes,dyslipidemia,acute myocardial infarction and the stroke were 26.0%,5.3%,39.9%,1.3% and 2.0%,respectively.The awareness rates for hypertension and diabetes were 54.4% and 3.6%,respectively.Conclusion The prevalent rates of chronic non-communicable diseases of the adults in this area were in higher levels.The relevant department should pay more attention to it.

Objective To investigate the academic level and influence of the Chinese Journal of Digestive Surgery from the point of articles published and the authors.Methods The articles and authors of Chinese Journal of Digestive Surgery from 2002 to 2012 were retrieved from the Wanfang database and the China National Knowledge Internet database.The full texts were browsed and saved,and then the data were input to Excel for bibliometric analysis.Results There were 1917 articles were published in the Chinese Journal of Digestive Surgery during the past 11 years,and the average number of articles per issue was 29.05.The rate of articles with funded projects was 30.62％,and the citation rate was 58.52％.Authors were from 32 provinces,municipalites and Hong Kong.The numbers of articles contributed by authors from Chongqing,Beijing and Shanghai ranked top 3,which were 446(23.27％),240(12.52％) and 203(10.59％),and followed by authors from Sichuan,Jiangshu and Guandong.The number of articles from affiliated hospitals of Medical Schools was 1382 (72.09％).The cooperation rate was 4.37,and the coauthor rate was 90.03％.Conclusions Chinese Journal of Digestive Surgery is an academic journal with high quality and strong influence.The distribution of authors of the Chinese Journal of Digestive Surgery is wide,and the cooperative rate of authors is high,while the distribution of authors is disproportionate.

Objective To explore the correlation between ultrasonographic characteristics and pathologic types of pediatric appendicitis.Methods 123 pediatric patients who were suspected of appendicitis meanwhile obtained ultrasonography scan and got final diagnosis were enrolled in this study.The characteristics of ultrasonograghy were analyzed,classified and compared with surgical and pathological results.Results All cases were confirmed by surgery and pathology.Appendicitis was comfirmed in 115 patients,including simple appendicitis in 3 cases,purulent appendicitis in 67 cases and gangrenous appendicitis in 45 cases.Appendicitis was diagnosed by ultrasonography in 114 patients and excluded in 9 patients.The sensitivity,specificity and accuracy of ultrasonography in diagnosis of appendicitis was 99.1％ (113/114),88.9 ％ (8/9),98.4 ％ (121 / 123),respectively.Ultrasonographic characteristics of pediatric appendicitis were correlated well with the pathologic types.Conclusion Ultrasonography has great value in diagnosis and classification of pediatric appendicitis.

Objective To investigate the level about illness perception in patients with coronary heart disease. Methods From July to De-cember, 2015, 198 inpatients with coronary heart disease who were admitted into hospitals twice or more were enrolled. They were assessed with Illness Perception Questionnaire-Revised (IPQ-R). Results The score of common symptoms was (4.55±1.64). The symptoms, for exam-ple, chest pains, uncomfortable feeling in chest, cold sweat, flustered and breathlessness were most frequently experienced and most often identified. For the illness perception part, the scores on subscales of treatment control and consequences were higher than 3, which was the neutral point. For the cause dimension part, the highest scores was (3.38 ± 0.90) in diet or eating habits, followed by (3.38 ± 0.89) in aging. Among these factors, immune factors had the highest mean score, followed by stress factor. Conclusion The level of illness perception in pa-tients with coronary heart disease was in the middle level, and individual differences were obvious. The awareness of the disease and the in-tervention of the patient should be strengthened.

Aim To evaluate the efficacy of TFU as a precursor of 5-FU on the growth inhibition of human gastric carcinoma cell lines SGC-7901 and MKN-45.Methods In vitro experiments,cell growth inhibition was measured by MTT assay.The rates were compared in the presence and Absence of liver microsomal enzymes.The morphology of apoptotic cells was detected by observation with a fluorescence microscope after staining by using adridine orange/ethidium bromide solution.DNA fragmentation was analyzed by agarose gel electrophoresis and flow cytometry respectively.Western blot was employed to analyze the expression of Bcl-2 and Bax.The in vivo efficacy of TFU was assessed in nude mice bearing tumours.The specimens were re-moved and the in situ cell apoptosis detection kit was employed for TUNEL staining.Results Growth of SGC-7901 and MKN-45 cells was remarkably suppressed by treatment with TFU in the presence of liver microsomal enzymes in vitro,suggesting that TFU might be converted to 5-FU by the enzymes.Similar treatment of TFU induced apoptosis of the cells,which was deduced from typical apoptotic features such as morphology,the formation of characteristic ladder pattern of DNA migration and the accumulation of sub-G1 phase.Furthermore,a significant inhibition of Bcl-2 expression and the up-regulation of Bax were observed after treatment with TFU in the presence of liver microsomal enzymes.Growth of human gastric carcinoma cells was significantly delayed by oral administration of TFU with low side effects.Apoptosis in xenografts was also observed by means of TUNEL staining method.Conclusion Treatment of TFU in the presence of liver microsomal enzymes could promote the inhibition of gastric carcinoma cell proliferation.TFU might sustain release of 5-FU mediated by liver microsomal enzymes.Low dose of 5-FU might trigger the carcinoma cells apoptosis via regulation of Bax and Bcl-2.

Aims To investigate the protective effects of noninvasive limb ischemic preconditioning (LIPC) on myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I /R)injury,and to explore the mechanism.Methods Healthy male Wistar rats were divided randomly into I /R,I /R +LIPC,I /R +5-Hydroxydecanoate (5-HD)and I /R +LIPC +5-HD groups.The I /R +LIPC and I /R +LIPC-5-HD groups of rats were subjected to three cy-cles of LIPC induction per day with 5 min of reperfu-sion after occlusion for 5 min at the left hind limb for 3 days.All rats were subjected to myocardial I /R injury on the fourth day.The I /R +5-HD and I /R +LIPC-5-HD groups of rats were given the inhibitor of ATP-sen-sitive potassium channel 5-HD before and during myo-cardial I /R injury. Results Compared with I /R group,LIPC reduced myocardial infarct size (P <0.05),lowered cardiocyte apoptosis index and Fas, FasL positive cell number (P <0.01 ),increased the reduced nitric oxide (NO)/endothelin (ET)-1 ratio (P <0.05)in serum in I /R +LIPC group.5-HD a-bolished the protective effects induced by LIPC in I /R+LIPC-5-HD group.Compared with normal myocardi-al tissue,expression of mir-30a-3p was increased in I /R group (P <0.01 )and was decreased in LIPC group (P <0.01 ).Conclusion LIPC alleviates myocardial I /R injury and improves endothelial function. The mechanism may be related with the opening of ATP-sensitive potassium channel,regulating the balance be-tween NO and ET-1 and decreasing the expression of myocardial mir-30a-3p.

Aim To investigate the protective effects of nicorandil, glutamine and metoprolol used in single and combination on the antiapoptosis ability of cardio-cytes and the expression of HSP70 after myocardial is-chemia/reperfusion injury in rats. Methods Male Wistar rats were divided randomly into seven groups:( 1 ) Sham group:in which the coronary artery was not roped;(2) I/R group:in which only 30 min ischemia and 120 min reperfusion of LAD was executed; ( 3 ) Nicorandil group; ( 4 ) Glutamine group; ( 5 ) Meto-prolol group; ( 6 ) Nic + Glu + Met ( NGM ) group;(7) low dose of Nic+Glu+Met ( NGML) group. In the pharmacological precondition groups, correspond-ing drugs were administered 30 min before I/R proto-col, and the initial drug dose in each group was 1 mg ·kg-1 . Myocardial apoptotic rates were measured with TUNEL ( terminal dexynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling) , and the expression of apop-tosis related proteins-Bcl-2/Bax and protective pro-tein-HSP70 was detected by Western blot. ResultsIn I/R group, the apoptotic rate in ischemic region was very high ( 36.9% ± 10.3%) , and Bcl-2/Bax was very low ( 0.14 ±0.08 ) . Compared with I/R group, the apoptotic rate of pharmacological precondition groups was decreased significantly ( P <0.01 ) , and the ratio of Bcl-2 to Bax was raised ( P<0.01 ) . Com-pared with Sham group, the expression of HSP70 in-creased significantly ( P<0.01 ) in I/R group. Com-pared with IR group, the expression of HSP70 of phar-macological precondition groups was elevated ( P <0.01 ) , and the expression in NGM group was higher than in the single drug group ( P<0.01 ) . Conclusion Compared with single therapy after I/R in rat, the combination therapy of nicorandil, glutamine, meto-prolol can decrease the apoptotic rate, and the expres-sion of apoptosis related proteins is developed. In the mean time, the expression of protective protein HSP70 is elevated.

Objective To analyse the difference of effects of different tidal volume mechanical ventilation strategies in infants with severe congenital heart disease after curative.Methods Sixty-eight cases were chosen from CICU of Anhui Provincial Children's Hospital during Oct 2010 to Jan 2012.Thirty-two cases in A group were used in ventilation strategy by lower tidal volumes (6 ～ 10 ml/kg),36 cases in B group were used in ventilation strategy by larger tidal volumes (10 ～ 15 ml/kg).The time of mechanical ventilation,duration of ICU stay and postoperative complications were compared between the two groups.Results The time of mechanical ventilation of B group was shorter than that of A group [(8.6 ± 2.5) d vs (11.7 ± 3.2) d],duration of ICU stay of B group was shorter than that of A group [(11.4 ± 4.8) d vs (15.6 ± 5.7) d],there were statistical differences between two groups(P ＜ 0.0l).The incidence rate of ventilator associated pneumonia and pneumothorax were 6.3％ and 3.1％ in A group,which were 5.6％ and 5.6％ in B group,there were no statistical differences between two groups (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion The effects of mechanical ventilation with larger tidal volumes is better than that with lower tidal volumes in infants with congenital heart disease postoperative therapy.

AIM:To investigate the role of peripheral blood leukocytes and polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) on intestinal injury following mesenteric ischemia/reperfusion (IR) in rats. METHODS: Twenty adult, male Sprague-Dawley rats, weighing 200-230 g, were randomly divided into two groups. The control group (CON) consisting of 10 rats was subjected to laparotomy and separation of superior mesenteric artery (SMA) only. The ischemia/reperfusion (IR) group consisting of 10 rats, was subjected to laparotomy, followed by occlusion of the superior mesenteric artery (SMA) by an atraumatic microvascular clamp for 30 min. At the end of ischemic period in IR, the microvascular clamp was removed and the intestinal segment was reperfused for 60 min. The pathological changes of the ileal mucosal tissue were evaluated. The apoptosis of intestinal mucosal epithelial cells was examined by terminal deoxylnucleotidy-l transferase mediated-dUTP nick end-labeling (TUNEL). The enzymatic activity of casapse-3 in mucosal cells was determined using a colorimetric assay. The percentages of apoptotic peripheral blood leukocytes and PMNs were measured by flow cytometry using Annexin-V/PI double staining assay. The numbers of peripheral blood leukocytes in each animal was measured at baseline, 30 min of ischemia, and 30 min and 60 min of reperfusion. RESULTS: (1) Compared to CON group animals, the most severe mucosal injury was observed in IR group under optical microscope. (2) The number of apoptotic mucosal epithelia cells and enzymatic activity of caspase-3 were significantly higher in IR than those in CON group (P

Objective To investigate the expressions of spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk), c-Jun amino terminal kinase (JNK) and nucleotide binding oligomerization domain-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome in the heart tissue in SD rat model of diabetic cardiomyopathy, and to explore the relationship between Syk, JNK and NLRP3. Methods Clean male SD rats were randomly divided into the control (Ctrl) group and diabetic cardiomyopathy model (DCM) group. Rats of DCM group were treated with a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ), while rats of Ctrl group were injected with the same dose of citrate buffer. The random blood glucose level and body weight were monitored every week until 20 weeks after STZ or citrate buffer injection, then all the rats were killed and their hearts were obtained. Rat H 9c2 cardiomyocytes were randomly divided into normal glucose treatment (NG) group, high glucose treatment (HG) group, Syk inhibitor control (BAY) group and Syk inhibitor high glucose (HG+BAY) group. The Syk and JNK phosphorylations and NLRP3 protein expression were detected by Western blot assay in the heart tissue of SD rats and H9c2 cardiomyocytes. The NLRP3, cysteine-containing aspartate specific protease 1(caspase-1) and interleukin (IL)-1β expressions at mRNA level were detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Results The random blood glucose level was significantly increased (P<0.05) and the body weight was significantly decreased (P<0.05) in DCM group compared with those of Ctrl group. The expressions of cardiac p-Syk, p-JNK and NLRP3 at protein level were significantly increased in DCM group compared with those of Ctrl group (P<0.05). Furthermore, the mRNA levels of NLRP3, caspase-1 and IL-1β were significantly up-regulated (P < 0.05). BAY treatment significantly inhibited the high glucose-induced NLRP3, caspase-1 and IL-1β mRNA expressions and p-JNK, NLRP3 protein expressions in H9c2 cardiomyocytes (P < 0.05). Conclusion JNK phosphorylation and NLRP3 inflammasome activation induced by Syk play an important role in the pathogenesis of diabetic cardiomyopathy.