Rosiglitazone is one of thiazolidinediones (TZD),an antidiabetic agent which improves insulin sensitivity,but the cardiovascular safety of the drug remains controversial.The new re-evaluation of the RECORD trial has suggested that rosiglitazone-containing drugs do not show an increased risk of heart attack compared to the standard type 2 diabetes medicines,such as mefformin and sulfonylurea.The post hoc analysis of the BARI 2D also indicates that rosiglitazone may not relate with the increased risk of major ischemic cardiovascular events.According to these new results,there is no clear evidence that rosiglitazone may increase cardiovascular risk.The U.S.Food and Drug Administration announced in July 2013 that it is requiring the removal of some prescribing and dispensing restrictions for rosiglitazone-containing diabetes medicines.

Objective To improve the recognition of aggressive natural killer-cell leukemia(ANKL)complicating muhiple organ failure(MOF).Methods A Fare case of ANKL was reported,and the related literatures were reviewed. Results One case of ANKL was diagnosed by bone marrow morphology and immunophenotypes of CD2,CD16,CD56,who developed multiple organ failure involving in liver,kidney,heart,lung,severe metabolic acidosis,tumour lysis syndrome and disseminated intravascular coagulation(DIC)in course of the disease and chemotherapy.VP regimen and symptomatic treatment were performed,and the disease could be stable shortly but died of the failure of lung and heart soon. Conclusion ANKL has a fulminant clinical course and diffuse infihration of tumor cells resulted in multiple organ failure with poor response to treatment and unfavorable prognosis.

Objective To observe the effect of anti-Helicobacter pylori (H.pylori) treatment on patients with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) and its effect on blood platelet. Methods From April 2006 to April 2008, a total of 31 patients diagnosed as having ITP and H.pylori infection were collected. These patients were given standard antibiotic therapy for H.pylori eradication (omeprazole 20 mg, clarithromycin 0.5 g, and amoxicillin 1.0 g, twice per day for 1 week). The effect of anti-H.pylori treatment was analyzed, and the blood platelets were counted before the treatment and on day 7, 14, and 28 after the treatment. Results Of the 31 ITP patients with H.pylori infection, 21 were cured and 10 were not effective, with the effective rate 67.74 %. Blood platelet increased in the cured group but did not change in the no-effect group. Conclusion Anti-H.pylori treatment could increase the blood platelet, and H.pylori infection may be related to the reduction of blood platelet in ITP patients.

Nevirapine ( NVP) is the first-generation non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor, which is a front-line drug for the treatment of AIDS and the prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1. NVP is with poor solubility and low bioavailability. With the development of new dosage forms, such as solid dispersion, self-emulsifying, microparticles, micelles, sustained-release tab-lets and floating microspheres, the bioavailability of NVP can be increased and the adverse reactions can be decreased. Research pro-gress in the new dosage forms of NVP at home and abroad was reviewed through searching literatures in order to provide basis for the development of new dosage forms of NVP.

Objective To discuss the allocation of oral medical resource in west area of Chongqing,and investigate the caries prevalence in these population.Methods Study samples was raised with the multistage stratified random cluster sampling method,then data was analyzed to compare the allocation of oral medical.Resource,awareness degree on oral health and caries prevalence in each age grade between urban and rural area.Results In west area of Chongqing,the allocation of oral medical resource and awareness degree on oral health were better in urban area than those in rural area.In each age grade,the caries prevalence is higher in rural area,when compared with that in urban area.In addition,the caries prevalence of 5 years old group and 12 years old group is the same between male and female in both urban area and rural area (P＞0.05).Nevertheless,in 35-44 years old and 65-74 years old group,the caries prevalence was higher in female compared with male in both urban area and rural area (P＜0.05).Conclusion In west area of chongqing,the rural allocation of oral medical resource is bad and needs improvement,the awareness of oral hygiene is weak among population of rural area.In west area of Chongqing,women in 35-44 years and 65-74 years old should pay more attention to caries prevention and treatment.

Vaginal delivery system has a unique therapeutic advantage. In recent years, the rapid development of dosage forms shows a good prospect of development. The related literatures at home and abroad in recent years were analyzed and summarized. The research progress in the drug absorption model of various vaginal administrations was reviewed. The review provided reference for the research of new drug preparations and drug absorption mechanisms of vaginal administration.

Pulmonary drug delivery has become a research focus in recent years, while the action between particles and pulmonary macrophages after particles transportation to lung tissue was paid little attention. Therapeutic efficacy can be enhanced by regulating the particles uptake action of pulmonary macrophages according to different diseases. Referring to a lot of articles, the relationship between common diseases and macrophages was reviewed and the influencing factors in the particles uptake of alveolar macrophages were sum-marized. The review laid foundation for the development of preparations and clinical application of pulmonary drug delivery systems.

ObjectiveTo investigate the clinical significance of inflammatory factors and adiponectin in type 2 diabetes milletus complicated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.Methods Two hundred and ten subjects aging from 25.0 to 65.0 years old,including 106 men and 104 women,were recruited into this study.They were divided into four groups: Forty cases of healthy control (NC),60 cases with newly-diagnosed type 2 diabetes (T2DM),65 cases with simple non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and other 45 cases with newly-diagnosed T2DM complicated with NAFLD.The physical examination was performed for each patient.Serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT),gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT),fasting plasma glucose (FPG),glycation hemoglobin A 1 c ( GHbA1c ),creatinine ( Cr),uric acid ( UA ),2 hours postprandic plasma glucose (2hPG),fasting insulin (FINS),lipid profiles were measured.Insulin resistance index (HOMAIR) was calculated.Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α),high sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and adiponectin were also detected.Results The serum levels of ALT and GGT,body mass index and waist/hip ratio were higher in the NAFLD,T2DM with NAFLD patient groups than that in T2DM and NC group ( P ＜0.05or P ＜0.01 ).The serum levels of TG and LDL-C were significantly higher in T2DM,NAFLD and T2DM with NAFLD groups than that of NC group.And serum TG levels in T2DM with NAFLD group were higher than that of T2DM group (P ＜ 0.05).FPG and GHbAl c were higher in T2DM and T2DM with NAFLD groups than that of NAFLD and NC groups.The serum levels of TNF-α,hs-CRP and HOMA-IR were higher in T2DM,NAFLD and T2DM with NAFLD groups than that of NC group.T2DM with NAFLD group had higher levels of TNF-α,hs-CRP and HOMA-IR compared with T2DM group.However,serum adiponectin levels of T2DM,NAFLD and T2DM with NAFLD groups were lower than that of NC group.And it was lower in T2DM with NAFLD group when compared with NC group ( P ＜ 0.05 ).Adiponectin was negatively associated with TNF-α,hs-CRP and HOMA-IR (r =-0.635,-0.668,-0.752 respectively,P ＜ 0.0l ).But HOMA-IR was positively associated with TNF-α,hs-CRP( r =0.667,0.706 respectively,P ＜ 0.01 ).ConclusionInflammatory factors and adiponectin may play important roles in the pathophysiology and progression of T2DM and NAFLD.The protective effects of adiponectin may come from its anti-inflammatory activity to relieve insulin resistance for NAFLD.

Background and purpose:Neuropilin-1 (NRP1), a vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) receptor, plays an important role in tumor angiogenesis and tumor cell migration. The purpose of this study was to de-termine the correlation between NRP1 expression and sensitivity to ifrst-line platinum-based chemotherapy in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and between NRP1 expression and survival.Methods:NRP1 ex-pression in tumor tissues of 104 advanced NSCLC patients treated with ifrst-line platinum-based regimen was detected by immunohistochemisty.A chi-square test and logistic regression model were used to analyze the relationship between NRP1 expression and the chemotherapy response rate. Kaplan-Meier and Cox proportional hazard regression models were used to analyze the effect of NRP1 expression on patient survival.Results:Among the 104 patients, 56 (53.8%) had high expression of NRP1. High expression of NRP1 was not related to age, gender, histological type, degree of differentiation, performance status, and chemotherapy regimen. The chemotherapy response rate was significantly higher in patients with low NRP1 expression than in patients with high expression (43.8% vs23.2%,P=0.026). The low NRP1 expression was signiifcantly associated with longer progression-free survival (4.6 monthsvs3.0 months, P=0.001 for log-rank test,χ2=11.273) and overall survival (11.5 monthsvs9.2 months,P=0.000 for log-rank test,χ2=14.392) as compared with high NRP1 expression. Multivariate analysis showed that high expression of NRP1 was an independent predictor for the chemotherapy response rate and overall survival in patients with advanced NSCLC.Conclusion:NRP1 expression is associated with response rate and survival in advanced NSCLC patients treated with ifrst-line plati-num-based chemotherapy. NRP1 expression may be a potential biomarker for predicting chemosensitivity and prognosis in patients with advanced NSCLC.

Objective: The existence of activating transcription factor 1 (ATF1) could be employed as a clinical marker in the context of cervical cancer development, although its specific mechanism has not been fully clarified. Methods: To evaluate the presence of ATF1, miR-630, and myelin and lymphocyte protein 2 (MAL2) in cervical malignancies, we conducted quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, immunohistochemistry, and Western blot assays; further studied the expansion, migration, invasion and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of cervical carcinoma cells using colony formation assay, transwell, loss cytometry, Western blot.Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) were used to verify that ATF1 could directly transcriptionally repress miR-630; dual luciferase reporter assay and RIP assay were employed to confirm that miR-630 targeted to repress MAL2. Results: In cervical cancer cases, elevated ATF1 expression and reduced miR-630 expression were detected, displaying a negative relationship between them. Inhibition of ATF1 hindered the growth, migration, infiltration, and EMT in cervical carcinoma cells, while upregulation of miR-630 mitigated the aggressive characteristics of these cells. ATF1 was found to transcriptionally repress miR-630 by TransmiR and ALGGEN prediction and ChIP validation.MicroRNA modulates gene expression and affects cancer progression, and we discovered that miR-630 regulates cancer progression by targeting and inhibiting MAL2. Conclusion ATF1, which modulates the miR-630/MAL2 pathway, affects the EMT process and cervical carcinoma cell growth and spread. Therefore, ATF1 may serve as a promising marker and treatment target for cervical malignancies intervention.