Many countries have developed standard strategy under the tendency of the economic globalization.TCM international standardization faces more and more competitions.This article analyzes the competitors and competitive status of TCM international standardization by the research methods of competitive intelligence,competitor analysis and SWOT analysis,and puts forward corresponding strategic measures in details.

Objective To understand the efficacy of meibomian gland compression by themselves and outpatient meibomian gland dredge treatment with dry eye young patients of meibomian gland dysfunction.Methods Selected 48 young patients with dry eye of meibomian gland dysfunction,patients were divided into two groups according to the wishes,28 patients were given method guidance of meibomian gland compression by themselves (compression group),every 10 minutes,three times a day,4 weeks after the referral.Other 20 cases meibomian gland dredge by a doctor at the eye clinic performed under anesthesia (dredge group),2 weeks,4 weeks after the referral and then dredge,3 times.All patients were given to health education,all patients before treatment and after treatment for 4 weeks underwent Schirmer Ⅰ test (S Ⅰ t),tear film breakup time (BUT),corneal fluorescein staining (CFL) examination and compared.Results The level of BUT,S Ⅰ t,CFL before treatment in two groups had no significant difference (P ＞ 0.05).After treatment for 4 weeks,eye symptom had improved in two groups.The level of BUT,CFL before and after treatment for 4 weeks in two groups had significant difference (P ＜ 0.05).But the level of S Ⅰ t,BUT,CFL after treatment for 4 weeks between two groups had no significant difference (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion Dry eye young patients of meibomian gland dysfunction if they can correctly perform meibomian gland compression by themselves can also be reached effectively alleviate dry eye and ocular discomfort symptom improvement purposes.

Baishouwu is a traditional tonic Chinese medicinal herb which is rich in Shandong, Liaoning and Jiangsu Privences. Baishouwu mainly contains steroids, polysaccharose, acetophenone, and essential oil, with the efficacy of nourishing liver and kidney, tonifying essence and blood, blackening the beard and hair, and prolonging life. This article retrieved relevant literature in the last decade about biological study, chemical constituents, and pharmacological activities of Baishouwu, with a purpose to provide a scientific basis for its rational researches and development.

AIM: To evaluate the effect of captopril on action potential duration and outward delayed rectification potassium current (Ik). METHODS: Action potentials were recorded using a conventional glass microelectrode filled with 3 mol/L KCl solution. Membrane patch clamp whole cell recording technique was used to investigate the Ik current maximum in the holding potential - 50 mV, lasting time 100 ms, command potential + 40 mV. RESULTS: The action potential duration of 30%, 50% repolarization (APD30, APD50) and ERP were significantly prolonged, but APD90 wasn' t prolonged significantly when captopril group compared with ischemic group. The amplitude of Ik increased significantly in ischemic group, but significantly decreased in captopril group and in captopril + ischemic group. The shapes of current - voltage relationship were unchanged among groups, but significantly upward in ischemic group and downward in captopril and captopril + ischemic group. CONCLUSION:Captopril exerts electrophysiologic action due to decreasing delay outward rectification potassium current and prolonging action potential duration of APD30, APD50 and ERP.

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) play a critical role in the control of HIV-1 infection and replication. HIV-1 evades CTL mediated pressure through viral escape mutations within targeted CTLs epitopes or flanking regions, but this process is usually associated with a viral fitness cost. The mutated epitopes may weaken the level of the original CTL responses, however, the immune system holds potential to mount denovo responses towards those newly emerged epitopes. This article briefly summarizes recent research progress regarding the competition between HIV-1's escape mutations and host CTL responses.
Animals ; HIV Infections ; genetics ; immunology ; HIV-1 ; genetics ; immunology ; physiology ; Histocompatibility Antigens Class I ; genetics ; immunology ; Humans ; Mutation ; T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic ; immunology ; virology

Objective To analyze the family and clinical characteristics of talking about killing self (TAKS) among children and adolescents and its relationship with social competency.Methods One thousand nine hundred and seventy-five 7-17-year-old students from 12 schools (each four for primary,middle and high schools) of Wuhan area,were approached through multistage random cluster sampling,and administered with a self-designed general information questionnaire and the Chinese version of Children' s Depression Inventory.In addition,subjects' parents completed Achenbach' s Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL).TAKS was judged based on item 91 (talk about killing self) of CBCL.Multiple Logistic Regression was used to identify factors associated with TAKS.Results The half-year prevalence rate (95％ CI) of parent-reported TAKS was 4.1％ (3.2％,5.0％).TAKS was significantly associated with bad marital status of parents (OR=2.29),unemployment of fathers (OR=2.07),frequently jangling between father and mother (OR=2.23),parents ever having fought with each other intensely (OR=2.00),being frequently bullied by classmates (OR=2.11),internal behavior problem (OR=2.28),external behavior problem (OR=2.50) and depressive symptoms (OR=4.83).TAKS subjects had significantly lower social compctency score than non-TAKS subjects((18.8±7.6) vs.(20.9±6.9),P=0.007).Conclusion The prevalence of TAKS is higher among children and adolescents with several disadvantaged family factors,behavior problems and depression.Children and adolescents with TAKS also have worse social competency.More close clinical attention should be paid to such phenomenon.

Objective To compare the surgical effects of laparoscopy and open mini-incision surgery in cholelithotomy with the gallbladder being preserved.MethodsFrom April 2006 to May 2008,63 cases of cholelithiasis received cholelithotomy with the gallbladder being preserved in our hospital by laparoscopy(n=33) or mini-incision open surgery(n=30).The operation time,recovery time of gastrointestinal function,rates of postoperative analgesics use and complications,inpatient charge,and drug expense after the operation were analyzed.ResultsThe mean operation time in laparoscopy group was significantly longer than that in open group [(66.4?10.6) min vs(60.6?9.8) min,t=2.248,P=0.020)].And the inpatient charge in laparoscopy group was significantly higher than that in the open group [(7865?992) yuan vs(6995?825) yuan,t=3.765,P=0.000)].Whereas,the recovery time of the gastrointestinal tract and postoperative hospital stay in the laparoscopy group was significantly shorter than those in the other [(22.7?6.9) h vs(36.9?17.2) h,t=-4.374,P=0.000);(4.8?1.5)d vs(10.0?7.4) d,t=-3.951,P=0.000)].In the laparoscopy group,only one patient showed complication(periumbilical infection) after the treatment,while in the open group,2 patients developed incisional hematoma,2 showed incisional infection,3 had pelvic effusion,and 1 suffered from adhesive intestinal obstruction(?2=5.369,P=0.020).ConclusionsLaparoscopy is a good choice for cholelithotomy with the gallbladder being preserved,for it is minimally invasive,and thus leads to less surgical trauma,quicker recovery,fewer complications,and shorter hospital stay after the procedure.

0.05).In terms fo LVEF,no differences were found between the 2 groups at 1 week after the operation but patients in the TA group showed higher LVEF at 3 months after the operation compared with the NTA group(P

This retrospective analysis showed that the most frequent pathogen causing bacterial liver abscess was Klebsiella pneumoniae in 138 patients.Compared with the patients without diabetes mellitus,it was found that:( 1 ) the percentage of diabetic patients having typical abdominal pain was lower ( P ＜ 0.05 ) ; ( 2 ) neutrophilic granulocytosis was more marked,but albumin and hemoglobin levels were lower in diabetic patients( P＜0.05 ) ; ( 3 )more diabetic patients were complicated with urinary tract infection and suffered from septicemia( P＜0.05 ) ; (4) the clinical course of treatment in diabetic patients was much more prolonged( P＜0.05 ).

Treatment of gynaeeological cancer frequently results in the loss of ovarian function and menopausal syndrome.The most effective treatment is hormone replacement therapy (HRT).According to the current studies,HRT does not increase the risk of recurrence or death in patients with early stage endometrial cancer and uterine leiomyosarcomas. The safety of HRT in ovarian cancer patients is inconclusive. Cervical squamous cell carcinoma, vaginal cancer and vulvar cancer are not contraindications for HRT. Estrogen replacement therapy (ERT) is contraindicated for low-grade endometrial stromal sarcomas. Therefore,after integrated risk assessment and discussion,patients with severe menopausal symptoms can be treated with HRT to improve the quality of life.