In the past decades, the advent of molecular targeted agents has been a considerable breakthrough for cancer patients, ex-cept for traditional operation, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy. As a novel therapeutic method, molecular targeting treatment is im-portant in the field of medical oncology, in which epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors (EGFRIs) have been widely used as target-ed agents. Dermatological toxicities are the common side effects associated with the EGFRIs. Diarrhea, weakness, and pneumonia can be observed. EGFRI-induced dermatological toxicities may disrupt the health-related quality of life and cause anticancer treatment dose adjustments or discontinuance. The dermatological toxicities mainly involve rash acneiform, pruritus, xerosis, paronychia, hair change, and skin hypersensitivity. Treatment recommendations from guidelines include antibiotics, corticosteroids, and antihista-mines, but their clinical therapeutic efficacy have not been proven. Therefore, oncologists and dermatologists are investigating effec-tive medication. This article reviews the advances in the study of the clinical manifestations and drug therapies of EGFRI-induced der-matological toxicities to provide reference for clinical practitioners.

Objective To know the preventive effects of using hammock firmness sheets for pa-tients with pressure ulcer.Methods Divided 98 patients into the application group (31 cases), the treatment group(30 cases) and the control group(37 cases) according to themselves condition.Hammock firmness sheets was used in the application group, while the routine preventive method of pressure ulcer was used in the control group.To know the preventive effects of pressure ulcer betweent the two groups.The patients in the treatment group was patients had pressure ulcer, hammock firmness sheets combined with local massage were used for them, observed the treatment effects for them.Results The condi-tion of preventive effect of pressure ulcer in the application group was better than those of in the control group.The cure rate of pres sure ulcer in the treatment group was 90%.Conclusions The hammock firmness sheets can prevent pressure ulcer effectively.

Objective To explore the constraint effect of self - made binding sheets to restless patients. Methods Using soft canvas and thick qualitative cotton for sheets making. 100 cases of Neurusurgery JCAHO into patients of level 2～3 were, randomly divided into 52 cases of obeservation group and 48 cases of control group, then use self - made binding sheets and traditional binding sheets respectively for the purpose of protective constraint. Re-sults The interference treatment and skin damage of the observation group, and the psychological pressure of nursing staff were significantly lower than those in control group (P < 0.01). Conclusions With self - made binding sheets the patients have integrity constraints, and the result is better than the traditional one.

Objective To raise diagnostic rate of protruded lesion of gastrointestinal mucosa and to judge the precise differentiation to the depth of malignant lesion.Methods 12 cases of gastrointestinal diseases were examined by MPS combined with endoscopic examination.Results To the patients suffering protruded lesion of gastrointestinal mucosa with negative biopsy,the MPS provided a sound basis for diagnosis;To the cases of malignant lesion,findings of MPS with regard to the depth were in total concordance with that of surgical biopsy.Conclusion MPS is significanfly superior to conventional endoscopy with pathological biopsy in the differentation of protruded lesion of gastrointestinal mucosa.But in the case of malignant lesion,only the depth of infiltration of gastrointestinal wall can be correctly assessed by MPS.The value is limited in showing whole Picture for larger focus and in the identification of around lymphnodes and whether or no distal metastases in the near organs.

Objective To explore the causes of negtive results on emergency CT and prevent method in craniocerebral trauma.Methods 51 cases of craniocerebral trauma with negtive results on emergency CT were analyzed respectively during 2002 to 2004.Results The causes of negtive results on emergency CT in craniocerebral trauma were:the insufficient experience for technicians and doctors (12.8%);the atypical signs in early phase(48.6%);the delayed lesions after injury(16.2%) and the limitation of CT (24.2%).Conclusion CT technicians and doctors should be well trained primarily. Furthermore, CT images, clinical manifestations and other examinations should be combined with to obtain precise diagnosis. Finally, uncertaint cases should be examined again with CT or MRI.

Objective:To screen differentially expressed proteins in serum proteomic patterns in patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis associated Interstitial Lung Disease by Surface enhanced laser desorption /ionization mass spectrometry with Protein Chip ,and evaluate the value of a preliminary study.Methods: WCX2 ( Weak cation exchange chip ) and Surface enhanced laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry with ProteinChip were performed to test serum proteins in 19 Rheumatoid Arthritis associated Interstitial Lung Disease,15 Rheumatoid Arthritis patients and 13 health adults,Biomarker Wizard ,Biomarker Pattern and Spss13.0 software were used in combination to analyze the data.Results:The mass/charge ratio ( M/Z) value of 142 protein peaks were detected in serum , there were 4 proteins differentially expressed with statistical significance among them ( P<0.05;Student′s t-test ) , which were the proteins with M/Z 3382.59 ,3453.39 ,11886.0 ,5825.48;the proteins with M/Z 11689.4 ,2266.49 ,1020.22 ,4392.28 ,5074.38 and 2764.69 were selected to establish the optimal diagnostic model.The sensitivity was of was 90%(9/10),the specificity was of 90%(18/20).Conclusion: Surface enhanced laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrum can screen out the significantly different proteins in serum of patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis associated Interstitial Lung Disease.As bomarkers , both of their sensitivity and specificity were high and determination have good prospects for clinical application .

Objective To investigate the influence of bloody cervical cell samples on human papillomavirus(HPV) genotyping detection using flowcytometry fluorescence hybridization kit.Methods According to the concentration of hemoglobin(Hb),cervical cell samples were divided into five groups,including group A with Hb of 0 g/L(10 cases),group B with 0 g/L100 g/L.In each group,50% samples were with initial positive results of HPV genotyping detection.Every sample was detected using sample volume of 50,100,200,500 and 1 000 μL different volumes for testing and analysis results.Results For all samples with initial negative results,five samples with initial positive results in group A and five samples with initial positive results,the detected results of different sample volume were without differences.In the 10 samples,with initial positive results of group C,D and E,there were four,four and nine samples respectively,were with false negative detected results of different sample volumes.Conclusion Bloody cervical cell samples could cause false negative results of HPV genotyping detection using flowcytometry fluorescence hybridization kit.It might be necessary to set optimal sample volume according to the concentration of Hb for ensuring the accuracy of genotyping detection.

Objective To explore the feature of balance function and falling risk in the elderly knee osteoarthritis patients with single knee pain or double knees pain. Methods 30 elderly knee osteoarthritis patients without pain, 30 with single knee pain and 32 with double knees pain were tested with timed up and go test (TUG), postural stability (PS), limits of stability (LOS) and dynamic fall index (DFI). Results There was significant difference in the elderly between no pain and single or double knee pain (P<0.05) in TUG, but not between the single knee pain and double knees pain (P>0.05). There was no significant difference in the elderly between single knee pain and no pain (P>0.05) in PS, but was between double knees pain and the other 2 groups (P<0.05). There was significant difference between no pain and single or double knee pain (P<0.05) in LOS, but not between single knee pain and double knees pain (P>0.05). There was significant difference between no pain and single or double knee pain (P<0.05) in DFI, and between single knee pain and double knees pain (P<0.05). Conclusion The elderly osteoarthritis patients with single knee pain are in high falling risk with their dynamic balance injury, while those with double knees pain are in higher falling risk with their static and dynamic balance injury.

ObjectiveTo investigate the test-retest reliability about the lower extremities static joint position sense which was tested with the Tetrax balance-test-training system, and the dynamic joint position sense which was tested with the Functional Squat System; and to investigate the relationship between the static and the dynamic joint position sense of lower extremities of the patients with knee osteoarthritis. Methods30 patients with knee osteoarthritis were tested with the lower extremities static and dynamic joint position sense twice within 7 d with the Tetrax balance-test-training system and the Functional Squat System. ResultsThe intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) of the sum of the coefficient of medium-to-high-frequency in postural sway was 0.95 (P<0.001). The ICC of the reposition accuracy error mean of the unaffected/mild or affected/severe extremity were respectively 0.59 and 0.60 (P<0.001). The Pearson correlation coefficients of the sum of the coefficient of medium-to-high-frequency in postural sway and the reposition accuracy error mean of the unaffected/mild or affected/severe extremity were respectively 0.40 and 0.54 (P<0.05). ConclusionThe lower extremities static joint position sense test of the Tetrax balance-test-training system is well reliable, as well as the dynamic joint position sense of the Functional Squat System. They can be used together to evaluate the lower extremities proprioception in the patients with knee osteoarthritis.

Objective:To construct eukaryotic expression plasmids of pneumocystis carinii p55-v3 and p55-v0 antigenic genes and to identify their expression in COS-7 cells at mRNA level.Methods:Pneumocystis carinii total RNA was used as the template to amplify p55-v3 and p55-v0 antigenic gene by RT-PCR.The products were connected to pTA2 vector and then cloned in pVAX1 eukaryotic expression vector to construct recombinant plasmids as pVAX-p55-v3 and pVAX-p55-v0.After propagated in E.coli DH5α,the recombinant plasmids were transfected into COS-7 cells.After 24 h incubation,the RT-PCR was performed to identify the mRNA expression of p55-v3 and p55-v0 antigenic gene.Results:The recombinant plasmids were qualified by restrictive endonuclease digestion and sequencing.And when compared with that in GenBank,the homology of p55-v3 antigenic gene was 99.9% in nucleotides and 100% in amino acid.The homology between p55-v0 antigenic gene and the one reported previously in nucleotide and amino acid seguence were 99.8% and 100%.The results of RT-PCR confirmed that p55-v3 and p55-v0 antigenic genes were transfected into COS-7 cells successfully and the genes were expressed in the cells.Conclusion:In this study,the recombinant plasmids of pVAX-p55-v3 and pVAX-p55-v0 are conducted successfully and expressed in the COS-7 cells,which provide a basis for clarification of immunologic function of p55-v3 and study of DNA vaccine.