ObjectiveTo investigate and understand the cognitive level of occupational protection of staff in sterilization and supply center. Methods180 staff in sterilization and supply center were taken for a retrospective questionnaire investigation.The survey included:general information of the object,cognition about occupational protection,wearing of protective equipment,influence of occupational hazards,sharp instrument injury and the handling of injury cases. ResultsThe cognitive level of occupational protection in the sterilization and supply center was low.Some of the staff did not fully implement the wearing of protective equipment rules in the decontamination areas.In the occupational hazards,sharp instrument injuries accounted the highest incidence.The situation of taking blood tests after injury,injection of high titer globulin,report to the higher-ups and follow-up investigation were rare,and even some staff gave no handling of the wound. ConclusionsThe cognitive level of occupational protection in the sterilization and supply center is low.It not only needs professional training to improve cognitive level of occupational protection but also effective protective measures.The management department should establish a complete protection regulations of occupational safety and strict supervision in order to prevent the occurrence of occupational exposure,ensure staff safety,and at the same time,health records should be established in order to understand health status of staff.

Objective To find the application effect of risk management in nursing management in delivery room.Methods 1200 hospitalized parturients in 2011 were selected as the observation group,and 1186 parturients in 2008 were set as the control group.The observation group received risk management and nursing measures,while the control group was given traditional nursing.Nursing defects rates,the rate of post-partum haemorrhage,the incidence of neonatal asphyxia,dystocia rate,nursing disputes and patient satisfaction degree were compared between two groups.Results Neonatal label defects rates,the rate of post-partum haemorrhage,the incidence of neonatal asphyxia,dystocia rate and nursing disputes in the observation group were much lower than that in the control group.The patient satisfaction degree was significandy increased in the observation group.Conclusions Summarizing the risk factors,performing risk management in delivery room can greatly increase the delivery and nursing quality and patient satisfaction degree.

FOXM1 (Forkhead box M1), one factor of the Forkhead family, has three subtypes (FOXM1a, FOXM1b, FOXM1c). The current study focuses on FOXM1b and FOXM1c. FOXM1 regulates transcription of prolifemtion-nssociated genes and plays a vital role in embryogenesis as well as reorgani-zation. Recent studies have shown that FOXM1 is closely related with tumor occurrence and development. Tumors with high expression of FOXM1 are often poorly differentiated, highly malignant, distantly metastat-ic, poorly predicted. FOXM1 has a influence on the tumor proliferation, invasion, metastasis and angiogene-sis through regulating its downstream tumor-related genes. At present, the synthesis and study of the anti-tumor chemicals targeting FOXM1 offer a possibility of the FOXM1 in clinical applications. More and more researchers attach importance to its tumor therapeutic value both at home and aboard. This paper will make a review about the lastest FOXM1 research in oncology.

BACKGROUND:How to preserve the fertility and ovarian function in patients with procreation needs has important significance and broad application prospects. OBJECTIVE:To summarize the recent studies about ovarian tissue cryopreservation, preservation and evaluation methods, and to explore the best solution for ovarian tissue freezing. METHODS:An online computer-based retrieval of PubMed database and Wanfang database between January 1994 and January 2014 was performed by the first author. The key words were ovarian tissue, ovarian tissue cryopreservation, freezing factors in English and Chinese. Final y 59 literatures on the ovarian tissue cryopreservation technique, influencing factor of cryopreservation, resuscitation, and human ovarian tissue transplantation were included. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Currently, laboratory methods of ovarian tissue cryopreservation are divided into slow-rate freezing, ultra-rapid cooling and vitrification technology. The freezing effect may vary in different patients, tissue sections, cryoprotectants species, penetration time and frozen carrier. After the recovery, the histological morphology of granulosa cells and fol icles was observed. The fol icles were counted to evaluate ovarian tissue. Freeze-thaw effects were evaluated by observing the changes of subcellular structures. The apoptotic signals were also detected. Immunohistochemical analysis was applied to detect the proliferation after recovery and apoptosis-related information. Variation in the in vitro culture reflected endocrine levels. Genetic level detection was also performed. In recent years, frozen ovarian tissue is clinical y applied for the transplantation, to restore reproductive endocrine function of the patients, or get mature germ cells, thereby preserving female fertility. However, there are stil some questions about cryopreservation of ovarian tissue, which need further study.

Objective To study the influence of collecting blood specimen of cancer patients through PICC on blood test result and catheter-related complication,and discuss the path and feasibility of collecting blood through PICC.Methods Adopting clinical self-contrast experiment,collecting blood specimens of 100 patients at one side through PICC (the observation group)and by ordinary method at the other side of limbs (the control group),comparing the test differences of blood routine,blood biochemistry,and coagulation function,etc.between the two groups.The incidence of catheter-related complication was also observed a week after collecting blood through PICC.Results There was no statistic difference between the two groups in terms of test results.No case of catheter-related complication in a week after collecting blood occurred in the observation group.Conclusions The method of collecting blood specimen through PICC is accurate,safe and feasible,the key point is to implement scientific and standard collecting path and entry-qualification of operators strictly.

Objective To discuss the appropriate timing of providing enteral nutrition through nasojejunal tube for patients with severe craniocerebral injury.Methods 126 cases of patients were divided into 3 groups randomly,providing enteral nutrition through naso-jejunal tube for the first group,the second group and the third group within 12～24 hours,48 hours later and 72 hours later after injury respectively.The nutrition situation of 3 groups was recorded 6 hours later,48 hours later,on the 5th day and the 10th day,including indicators such as total serum protein,blood albumin,serum creatinine,etc and complication cases of diarrhea,hemorrhage of digestive tract,palirrhea,aspiration,inhalation pneumonia and so on within 2 weeks after injury.Results In terms of indicators of albumin,creatinine 48 hours after injury and total protein,albumin and creatinine on the 5th day and 10th day,the first group were better than the second and third group,there were statistic differences between the three groups.Complication comparison within 2 weeks after injury:the difference of palirrhea cases among the three groups was significant,the third group had a higher ratio than the first and second group.And there was no statistic difference in the other indicators like diarrhea,hemorrhage of digestive tract,aspiration and inhalation pneumonia.Conclusions It is high time that patients with simple severe craniocerebral injury are provided with enteral nutrition through naso-jejunal tube within 12 to 24 hours,which can improve patients nutrition situation without the increase of the complications.

Objective To explore the relationship between the expression of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) and microvessel density(MVD)in non-small cell lung cancer.Methods The expression of bFGF and MVD were observed in 54 eases of NSCLC were detected with in situ hybrldization and immunohistochemical detection.Resuits The expression of bFGF and MVD was greater in adenecarcinomas than in squamous cell carcinomas of NSCLC (P＜0.05).The expression of bFGF was significantly different among the three groups of both squamous cell carcinomas and adenocarecnomas with varying differentiation (P＜0.05).There was hisher bFGF expression and greater MVD in NSCLC patients with regional lymplmode involvement and those with laterdistant metastasis(P＜0.05).Condusion bFGF may play an important role in tumor angiogenesis and lymphatic metastasis of human NSCLC,and detection of bFGF may be a good metastasis and prognostic predictors for human NSCLC.

Objective To observe the curative effect of erythrocyte separation in the treatment of patients with polycythemia vera (PV). Methods Sixty- five patients with P- were selected, and the patients were divided into control group (20 cases) and observation group (45 cases) according to the treatment method. All patients of 2 groups were treated with oral hydroxyurea and intramuscular interferon, but the patients of observation group combined with erythrocyte separation. The hemoglobin and hematocrit (HCT) before and after treatment and untoward reaction were compared between 2 groups. Results There were no statistical differences in hemoglobin and HCT before treatment between 2 groups:(196 ± 17) g/L vs. (182 ± 23) g/L and 0.606 ± 0.049 vs. 0.578 ± 0.066, P>0.05. The hemoglobin and HCT levels after treatment in observation group were significantly lower than those in control group:(153 ± 27) g/L vs. (168 ± 14) g/L and 0.490 ± 0.050 vs. 0.539 ± 0.054, and there were statistical differences (P<0.05). There was no obvious untoward reaction in 2 groups. Conclusions Erythrocyte separation is one of first choices for PV. It is safe and effective, and has less obvious untoward reaction.

Objective To investigate the effects of UVB irradiation and calciu m at different concentrations on the expression of pemphigus antigens by culture d human keratinocytes. Methods Human keratinocyte cultures were treated with eit her 2 mmol/L calcium added to the serum free media, or exposure to UVB irradiat ion. Immunofluorescence staining was performed with sera from patients with pemp higus vulgaris (PV) or pemphigus foliaceus (PF) as the first antigen. Extracts f rom both epidermis and keratinocytes were run on SDS-PAGE according to Laemmli ′s method and transferred to nitrocellulose membrane for immunoblot with PV and PF sera. Results Specific staining with PV sera was always detectable on kerati nocyte culture by immunofluorescence assay with or without high concentrations o f calcium while PF antigen was detected on stratified cells only. However, expos ure to UVB irradiation could not evoke keratinocyte culture express PF antigen. The reactivities were found at 160 kd band with PF sera while at both 160 kd and 130 kd bands with PV sera. Conclusions Monolayer or stratified keratinocytes ca n produce PV antigen, by increasing the concentration of calcium in the culture media, the human cultured kera tinocytes can be induced to stratify and express PFA. Human keratinocytes can not express PF antigen after exposure to UVB in intro.

Objective To study the action and mechanism of staphylococcal exfoliative toxin A(E-TA)on pemphigus foliaceus antigen(PFA)and pemphigus vulgaris antigen(PVA)expressed on cultured human keratinocytes.Methods Stratified human keratinocytes were incubated with ETA and then stained with sera from patients with pemphigus foliaceus or pemphigus vulgaris as the first antibodies and FITC-la-beled sheep anti-human IgG as the second antibody.Total protein was harvested from the cells pretreated with ETA and run on SDS-PAGE for Western blot with the same antibodies.Simultaneously,supernatants of the keratinocytes before and after ETA treatment were collected for detection of the levels of IL-1?,IL-6with ELISA kits.The caseinolytic activities of the supernatants were tested by spectrometry in which casein was used as a non-specific substrate.Results Down-expression of PFA was shown after ETA treatment while no change of PVA expression was found.The high intensity and continuous linear appearance of fluo-rescent staining before ETA treatment became weak and discontinuous after ETA treatment,which were re-covered gradually in24hours.The degradation of proteins recognized by PF sera after ETV treatment was revealed by Western blot.The decreasing tendency of IL-1?concentration was found in the supernatants of cell culture after ETA treatment,but IL-6level was too low to be detected.Increased caseinolytic activities were found in the supernatants,and declined36hours after ETA treatment.Conclusions ETA acts on PFA expressed on keratinocytes in vitro,which is reversible along with withdrawal of ETA.The mechanism of E-TA act on PFA may be related to proteolytic action instead of promoting cytokine secretion.