AIM: To study the effects of rhIFN-? and r hI L-2 on human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) proliferation, migration, cell cycle and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). METHODS: Cultured HUVECs were used as model to determine the cel l proliferation with MTT method. Cell cycle was analyzed by cytometry. The cell migration was investigated by agarose scraping method and vascular endothelial g rowth factor (VEGF) content in supernatant of cultured HUVEC was determined by e nzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS: The growth and migrating number of endothelial cells in rhIFN-? group were 0.199?0.009 and 75.750?23.330, in rhIL-2 group was 0 .217?0.005 and 49.250?8.140, and in combined group was 0.183?0.080 and 40.500?17.230, respectively. In comparison with control group (0.248?0.005 and 160.500?13.220), the effects showed more significant (all P0.05). CONCLUSIONS: rhIFN-? and rhIL-2 show inhibitory effect on vasc ular endothelial cell proliferation, migration and DNA synthesis. When used in c ombination, synergistic effect of rhIFN-? and rhIL-2 is observed, suggesting th at these cytokines play an important role in angiogenesis diseases.

Objective To study whether transient overexpression of tumor suppressor gene PTEN could lead to growth suppression and up-regulate the sensitivity to doxorubicin of human breast cancer MCF-7 cells. Methods The eukaryotic expression plasmid pEGFP-C 1-PTEN containing whole cDNA of PTEN was constructed and transfected into MCF-7 cells by Lipofectamine 2000 in vitro. Growth inhibition of the cells was observed by phase contrast microscope and flow cytometry. The clonogenic cell survival ability was studied by clony forming assay. MCF-7 cells′ chemosensitivity to adriamycin was studied with MTT assay. Results PTEN overexpression led to morphological changes characteristic of apoptosis of MCF-7 cells. PTEN overexpression also resulted in a significant increase in G 0/G 1 cell population (14.79%) and apoptosis (10.60%) detected by flow cytometry. The clonogenic survival rate of cells transfected with PTEN was significantly decreased after doxorubicin treatment compared with control. The transfected cells were more sensitive to doxorubicin compared with the control cells ( ? 2=8.59 , P

[Summary] A total of 352 pregnant women were selected in Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University. Serum levels of TSH and FT4 were determined and pregnancy outcome were observed in all subjects. According to the standard of American Thyroid Association(ATA) published in 2011 and the Chinese Guideline of Gestation Thyroid Disease published in 2012, the subjects were grouped into control(0. 1≤TSH≤2. 5 mIU/ L), observation(2. 55. 17 mIU/ L)during first-trimester(T1)and control(0. 2≤TSH≤3. 0 mIU/ L), observation(3. 05. 22 mIU/ L) during second-trimester(T2). The results showed that the rupture of membranes, preterm labor, and total obstetrical adverse events in the observation group were significantly higher than those in control group during T1(all P<0. 05), no statistical significance between control group and treatment group. The rupture of membrances in the observation group was significantly higher compared with control group during T2 ( P < 0. 05), no significant difference in other adverse pregnancy outcomes between these two groups. Compared with control group during T1, the proportion of adverse pregnancy outcomes in observation group during T1 was significantly increased(P<0. 05). The elevated TSH is one of the risk factors for the increased incidence of adverse pregnancy outcomes at the first half of pregnancy, especially during T1. L-T4 treatment reduces the incidence of adverse pregnancy outcomes.

Objective:To observe the expression of IL-12 family subunit genes by real-time quantitative PCR in mice C6 glioma cells,construct the basis of the brain glioma research on IL-12 family in the future.Methods:Mice C6 glioma RNA was abstracted and reversed transcription cDNA.The mice C6 glioma cells mRNA expression influence of IL-12 family subunit genes was compared and analyzed by real-time quantitative PCR.Results: In mice C6 glioma cells, high expression abundances in IL-23a, IL-12a, midlde expression abundances in EBI3, IL-27, low expression abundance in IL-12b.Conclusion: IL-12 families are closely related to the occurrence and development of glioma,IL-12,IL-23 are regarded as the most potential anti-glioma cytokines among them,research de-velopments will bring a new way of brain glioma immune therapy.

Objective To explore the effects of atorvastatin and valsartan on high glucose-induced human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) injury.Methods Cultured HUVECs were divided and assigned to 9 groups:normal control group,mannitol control group,high glucose group,low dose atorvastatin group (0.1 μ mol/L),medium dose atorvastatin group (1 μmol/L),high dose atorvastatin group (10 μ mol/L),low dose valsartan group (0.1 μmol/L),medium dose valsartan group (1 μmol/L),and high dose valsartan group (10 μmol/L).H UVECs were pretreated with or without 30 mmol/L glucose plus various concentrations of atorvastatin and valsartan (0.1,1,10 μmol/L) for 16 hours and then incubated with 5.5 mmol/L glucose for 6 days.The levels of vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1),monocyte chemotactic protein 1 (MCP-1),and plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1) in the culture supernatant were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Results Compared with normal glucose group,hyperglycemia memory increased the levels of VCAM-1,MCP-1,and PAI-1 (all P＜0.05),which were still maintained at high levels even after withdrawal of high glucose.Atorvastatin and valsartan treatment decreased the levels of VCAM-1,MCP-1,and PAI-1 (all P＜0.05).Conclusion Atorvastatin and valsartan may lower the secretion of VCAM-1,MCP-1,and PAI-1,and prevent high glucose memory-induced injury to endothelial cell.

Objective To evaluate the effects of misregistration with different directions and magnitudes between SPECT and CT on image quality and semi-quantification of MPI.Methods The data of 19 healthy volunteers (11 males,8 females ; mean age:(65.3 ± 9.6) years) were retrospectively analyzed.They all had a low pretest likelihood of coronary artery disease according to exercise and rest 99Tcm-MIBI MPI.The CT attenuation correction (CTAC) was performed on a SPECT/CT system.The CT images were manually shifted by 0.5,1.0,1.5,2.0,2.5,3.0,3.5,4.0,4.5 cm distance along the up/down,left/ right,and anterior/posterior axes respectively by using the system built-in software.The counts of the left ventricle were measured using myocardial Bull's eye generated from the reconstructed CTAC images.The image quality and semi-quantification of the CTAC images reconstructed from the raw data with and without shifting were compared and analyzed.Paired t test was used to analyze the data.Results There was no visible artifact with 0.5 cm shifting.The image quality was deteriorated significantly and the counting difference was significant with shifting distance greater than or equal to 1.0 cm.The image artifact of apex wall was mainly due to the upward shift,anterior and apex wall due to the downward shift,septal wall due to the leftward shift,anterior,apex and lateral wall due to the rightward shift,lateral and infero-posterior wall due to the forward shift,anterior,apex and septal wall due to backward shift.The counting difference caused by the downward shift was significantly more severe than that caused by the upward shift ((-9.68±8.06) ％ and (-2.04±1.83)％,t=6.573,P＜0.01) ; and the rightward shift was more severe than the leftward shift ((-9.02± 8.47) ％ and (-4.38±3.67) ％ ; t =1.987,P＜0.05).The image artifacts in anterior,apex and lateral walls were more severe than those in the infero-posterior and septal walls.Conclusions CTAC image artifacts in myocardial perfusion SPECT/CT studies could be caused by misregistration ≥ 1.0 cm.Different directions and magnitudes of shift could result in different degrees of attenuation artifacts at different locations on the original images.

Objective To evaluate the changes in cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway in hippocampi global in aged rats with cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R ) injury .Methods One hundred and twenty male Sprague-Dawley rats , aged 18-22 months ,weighing 450-600 g ,were randomly divided into 2 groups ( n= 60 each):sham operation group (group S) and global cerebral I/R group (group I/R) .The animals were anesthetized with intraperitoneal 10% chloral hydrate 0.4 ml/100 g .Global cerebral I/R was induced by 4-vessel occlusion method described by Pulsinelli .Fifteen rats were sacrificed at 1 ,3 ,5 and 7 days of reperfusion ,and brains were removed for determination of neuronal apoptosis and expression of α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7nAChR ) , choline acetyltransferase (ChAT ) ,tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) and interleukin-1β(IL-1β) in the hippocampal CA1 region .The apoptosis rate was calculated .Results Compared with group S ,the apoptosis rate was increased and the expression of α7nAChR ,ChAT ,TNF-αand IL-1βwas up-regulated in group I/R ( P<0.05 or 0.01 ) . The expression of α7nAChR and ChAT was up-regulated gradually during reperfusion and peaked at 5 day of reperfusion ( P< 0.05 ) .Conclusion Global cerebral I/R injury can activate cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway in aged rat hippocampi ,and the activation of this pathway is the endogenous mechanism of inhibition of excessive inflammatory responses in brain tissues .

Objective To explore the influence of peritumoral edema (PTE) on the tendency of recurrent location and morphological character after total resection using MRI. Methods MRI data was collected from 43 patients with recur-rent brain glioma after total resection from four clinical centers and then the influence of of PTE on recurrence patterns af-ter total resection was retrospectively analyzed based on the T2 weighted image. Results The PTE had a significant influ-ence on the recurrent patterns of brain gliomas after total resection. When PTE was mild, the shapes of recurrent gliomas tended to be focal (6/8) and the recurrent locations tended to be local (5/8). When PTE was severe, the shapes of the recur- rent gliomas tended to be spread(30/35 and the recurrent locations tended to be distant (25/35), followed by marginal (7/35), In addition, the morphological patterns and locations of recurrent gliomas were significantly different among different PTE types (all P<0.001). When PTE was ring shape, the shapes of recurrent gliomas tended to be focal (7/9) and the recur-rent locations tended to be local (6/9), followed by marginal (2/9) and distant (1/9). When PTE was irregular shape, most of recurrent locations tended to be distant (25/34), followed by marginal (7/34) but rarely local (2/34). Conclusions The de-grees and the types of brain glioma PTE can significantly influence the locations and morphological patterns of recurrent gliomas after total resection.

Objective To establish an early cognitive disorder model in rats and investigate the early cognitive functioning after ischemic hypoxic brain injury during the neonatal period. Methods Forty-six newborn Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized into a 21-d-old group and a 31-d-old group. These 2 groups were then subdivided into model and sham-operated subgroups (M21, n=12; SH21, n=11; M31, n=12; SH31, n=11). A model of neonatal early cognitive disorder was established in the rats of the M21 and M31 groups using a modification of Rice's method. Rats in the SH21 and SH31 groups received skin incisions and common carotid artery separation without ligation or hypoxia. Each group was tested with a Morris water maze. The rats were sacrificed after testing, and brain tissue was examined under the electron microscope. Nissl staining allowed Nissl body quantification and neurocyte acin the M21 group was significantly longer than in the SH21 group. The 31-d-old subgroups had shorter average escaping latencies than the corresponding 21-d-old subgroups. (b) Spatial memory: The average platform times, Ⅰ region times and Ⅰ region distances showed no significant differences among groups. ②Brain pathology (a) Gross appearance: Obvious ischemic hemisphere atrophy was observed in the M group, and no abnormality was observed in the SH group. (b) Electron microscopic observation: In the SH group cell ultrastructures in the ischemic hippocampus were normal. Karyopyknosis and dilated endoplasmic reticulums were found in the M group. More mitochondria were found in the presynaptic membranes of the ischemic hippocampus in the M group than that in the SH group. (c) Nissl body quantification and neurocyte activity analysis: Significantly less activity in the ischemic cortex was found in the M21 group compared to the SH21 group. More activity was observed in the 31-d-old subgroups than in the corresponding 21-d-old subgroups. Conclusions ①The neonatal rats with ischemic hypoxic brain injury had prolonged average escaping latency and depressed neuronal activity. ②The 31-d-old rats had better spatial localization learning ability than the 21-d-old rats.

Objective The purpose of this study was to assess the imaging features of newly diagnosed high-grade glioma and the effect of relevant factors such as postoperative radiotherapy and chemotherapy on progression-free sur-vival (PFS) time. Methods A total of 54 patients with recurrent high-grade glioma confirmed by pathology or progressive malignant glioma proved by clinical follow-up were included in this retrospective study from 4 clinical centers. The prog-nostic factors selected included MR image features at initial diagnosis (including the maximum diameter of tumor, peritu-moral edema, degree of enhancement, degree of necrosis and presence of cystic or satellite), postoperative radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Kaplan-Meier method and Cox’s proportion-hazards model were used to analyse the factors influenc-ing the progression free survival (PFS) time. Results The univariate Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed that the degree of peritumoral edema (PTE, P=0.001), degree of necrosis (P<0.001) , degree of enhancement (P<0.001), postoperative radio-therapy (P=0.008) and chemotherapy(P=0.035) were significant factors for PFS. Cox multivariate analysis also showed that the degree of PTE(P=0.019),degree of necrosis (P<0.001) were all significantly correlated with PFS. The less edema or necrosis was associated with the longer PFS. In addition, postoperative radiotherapy (P=0.035) and chemotherapy (P=0.049) were also significantly correlated with PFS. The normative chemotherapy and radiotherapy were associated with longer PFS. Conclusions The PTE and necrosis on preoperative MR images can be used to predict the PFS of glioma af-ter total resection. Adjuvant normative chemotherapy and radiotherapy should be recommend for supratentorial high-grade glioma including those even with MRI confirmed total resection.