Objective To evaluate the influences of artifical plasma substitutes on blood coagulation and fibrinoglysisMethods Forty adult patients, ASA grade Ⅰ-Ⅱ, scheduled for selective surgery ,were randomly allocated to receiving intravenous infusion of hydroxyethylh starch(HES group), polygeline (Haemaccel,HAE group), succinylated gelatin (Gelofusine,GEL group), or normal saline (control group) at the rate of 20ml?kg -1?h -1in 60 min ,respectively, with 10 cases in each groupThe venous blood samples were taken before and 1h following the infusion to determine platelet count(PLC),platelet agglutgtination test(PAG), platelet factor 3 availability test(PF 3at), activated partial thromboplastin time(APTT), prothrombin time(PT), thrombin time(TT), fibrinogen(FIB), tissue plasminogen(t-PA) and plasminogen activator inhibitor(PAI:A)Results In HAE group PAG decreased significantly, and PT was prolonged markedly after the infusion(P005)In GEL group only FIB reduced obviously after the infusion ,additionally was remarkably lower than that in control group(P

Objective To study the interference of Hongjingtian in cytokines in hippocampus of post stroke depression(PSD) rats.Methods The healthy SD rats were randomly divided into five groups:simple focal cerebral ischemia group,PSD group,Hongjingtian group of three doses [2.5,5,7.5 g/(kg?d)].PSD rats model was established.Hongjingtian group was given Hongjingtian and other groups were given normal saline.The ethological score of depression was evaluated.Pathological changes of hippocampus were observed by HE staining and the content of TNF-?,IL-1? and IL-6 in hippocampus were measured.Results Compared with normal group,the expression of the content of TNF-? and IL-1? of other groups increased,while the content of IL-6 decreased,the ethological score of depression decreased.HE staining of hippocampus showed neurocyte damaged obviously.The difference between them was significant(P0.05).Conclusion The steady state of network of cytokines in PSD experienced disequilibrium and neurocyte of hippocampus were damaged worse than that in simple focal cerebral ischemia.Hongjingtian has neuroprotective effects on PSD rats,its mechanism may through improving the damaged extent of neurocyte of hippocampus by way of reducing the content of TNF-?,IL-1? and increasing the content of IL-6 in hippocampus.

Objective Through active intervention of nursing care to improve the cognitive rate of hy-pertension, rate of blood pressure control and treatment compliance for hypertensive patients to reach the aim of alleviation of prognosis and reduction of disability and mortality. Methods Free physical examinations were carried out in population groups of above 30 years old in a certain community in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region and family health files were set up. Totally 108 patients were screened and standardized management was applied in them,besides their conditions before and after the application of the management were investi-gated and analyzed by self-designed "prevention and treatment of hypertension as a chronic disease" and "in-vestigation questionnaire of KAP of patients with hypertension". Results The cognitive rate and rate of con-trol of high blood pressure were more higher after intervention than that before. Conclusions Through a planned health education instruction, popularizing prevention and treatment knowledge of primary hypertension to residents, we can increase the cognitive rate and rate of control of high blood pressure for patients with hyper-tension.

BACKGROUND:Coenzyme Q10 participates in the electron transport of respiratory chain and possesses antioxidant, anti-apoptotic and anti-inflammatory properties. It has achieved good outcomes in cardiovascular disease, diabetes and cancer. Coenzyme Q10 may also have a certain application value in the fields of diabetes and periodontitis. OBJECTIVE:To observe the effect of coenzyme Q10 on the expression of interleukin-17 and interleukin-23 in gingival tissue of type 2 diabetic rats with periodontitis.METHODS:Forty-eight healthy male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: control, periodontitis+ diabetes+physiological saline and periodontitis+diabetes+coenzyme Q10. Rats in the control group were fed with normal diet and water. Rats in the periodontitis+diabetes+physiological saline and periodontitis+diabetes+ coenzyme Q10 groups were subjected to induction of periodontitis using the method of silk ligation and type 2 diabetes by feeding a high-fat and high-sugar diet and intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin. After successful modeling, rats in the periodontitis+diabetes+coenzyme Q10 group were intragastricaly administered coenzyme Q10 for 8 successive weeks. Rats in the periodontitis+diabetes+physiological saline group were administered equal amount of physiological saline. At the end of 2nd, 4th and 8th weeks after drug administration, four rats were randomly selected and sacrificed. The expression levels of interleukin-17 and interleukin-23 in gingival tissue were detected by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: At the end of 8th week, interleukin-17- and interleukin-23-positive expression in the periodontitis+diabetes+physiological saline group was significantly higher than that in the periodontitis+ diabetes+coenzyme Q10 group (P < 0.05). Coenzyme Q10 can reduce the expression levels of interleukin-17 and interleukin-23 in gingival tissue of type 2 diabetic rats with periodontitis, and aleviate periodontal tissue inflammation of type 2 diabetic rats with periodontitis.

Learning guidance in pathology teaching can help to improve the students' learning ability. Learning guidance can be mainly done in two aspects:developing and fostering the students' learning ability on their own and guiding the students to review scientifically.

PurposeTo explore the value of prenatal ultrasound in diagnosis of fetuses with limb body wall complex (LBWC).Material and MethodsThe ultrasound images and follow-up results were studied retrospectively in 20 cases of LBWC, and the ultrasonic features of LBWC were analyzed.ResultsAll 20 cases showed rather severe body wall defect and spinal abnormality, including 16 cases of abdominal wall defect, 4 cases of abdominal thoracoabdominal defect, 8 cases of idiopathic scoliosis, 2 cases of kyphosis, 3 cases of twist into a corner, 1 cases of distortion as S shape, and 6 cases of vertebral body arranged in disorder. Moreover, 16 cases presented abnormal umbilical cord,among which 11 had too short umbilical cord, 1 without umbilical cord, and 7 as single umbilical artery (3 cases with short cord). Five cases showed limb abnormalities, among which 2 cases were left lower limb absence, 1 cases as left upper limb absent, 1 cases as left foot varus and right foot slightly varus, and 1 cases as left foot drop.ConclusionPrenatal ultrasonography can accurately diagnose LBWC in time, so as to provide evidence for early clinical intervention.

This study examined the promoter methylation of APO-1/CD95 (Fas) gene in bladder urothelial carcinoma and analyzed the relationship between the Fas promoter methylation and the biological behavior of bladder cancer. Promoter methylation of Fas gene was detected by methylation-specific PCR (MSP) in 4 bladder cancer cell lines, 50 human bladder urothelial carcinoma samples and l0 normal bladder tissue samples. Correlation of the aberrant methylation of Fas promoter with the clinicopathological parameters was statistically analyzed. The results showed that Fas was down-regulated at both mRNA and protein level in bladder cancer cell lines and tissue samples of bladder urothelial carcinoma. The positive rate of Fas protein expression in bladder urothelial carcinoma was 34.0% (17/50), significantly lower than that in normal bladder tissues (70.0%, 7/10) (P<0.01). Fas promoter methylation was detected, and the positive rate of Fas promoter methylation in bladder urothelial carcinoma was 42.0% (21/50), which was obviously higher than that in normal bladder tissues (0.0%, 0/10) (P<0.01). The aberrant methylation of Fas promoter was reversely correlated with Fas protein expression (P<0.05). Furthermore, the positive rates of Fas promoter methylation in high-grade and low-grade bladder urothelial carcinoma were 73.3% (11/15) and 34.2% (12/35), respectively, with significant difference shown (P<0.05). No statistical significance was found in the Fas promoter methylation among different clinical stages of bladder cancer. It was concluded that Fas promoter hypermethylation plays an important role in the pathogenesis of bladder urothelial carcinoma and may serve as a prognostic indicator of bladder urothelial carcinoma.

Objective To compare the protective effect of different dose of penehyclidine hydrochloride (PHC) in rats with myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury.Methods Forty-eight healthy male Wistar rats were randomly divided into six groups (n =8 each):sham group,sham + 1.0 mg/kg PHC group (sham + H-PHC group),I/R group,I/R + 0.1 mg/kg PHC preconditioning group (I/R + L-PHC group),I/R + 0.3 mg/kg PHC preconditioning group (I/R + M-PHC group),and I/R + 1.0 mg/kg PHC preconditioning group (I/R + H-PHC group).I/R injury model was reproduced by ligation followed by release of the coronary artery,and PHC in different dosages was given at 30 minutes before model reproduction.At 3 hours after reperfusion,the left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP),left ventricular end-systolic pressure (LVESP),ejection fraction (EF),and fractional shortening (FS) were recorded.The levels of aspertate aminotransferase (AST),MB isoenzyme of creatine kinase (CK-MB),and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were determined.The myocardial tissues were harvested for the determination of the area at risk (AAR) and the infarct area (AI),and the percentage of AI/AAR was calculated.The examination of myocardial fiber was performed with electron microscopy.Results Compared with sham and sham + H-PHC groups,LVEDP was increased in I/R groups,LVESP,EF and FS were decreased,and the levels of AST,CK-MB and LDH,as well as the AI/AAR were increased.Compared with I/R group,in pretreatment groups with different doses of PHC,LVEDP was decreased,LVESP,EF and FS were increased,the levels of AST,CK-MB,LDH,and AI/AAR were also decreased,especially in I/R+M-PHC and I/R+H-PHC groups [LVEDP (mmHg,I mmHg =0.133 kPa):11.33± 1.17,9.85± 1.09 vs.15.82 ± 1.79,LVESP (mmHg):98.9 ± 10.6,112.8 ± 10.0 vs.87.8 ± 9.2,EF:0.681 ± 0.074,0.741 ± 0.070 vs.0.569 ± 0.072,FS:(42.4 ± 4.6)％,(46.0 ± 5.1)％ vs.(36.8 ± 3.9)％,AST (U/L):386.97 ± 80.65,298.31 ± 54.88 vs.603.47 ± 173.66,CK-MB (U/L):3.12 ± 0.84,2.88 ± 0.72 vs.7.14 ± 1.54,LDH (U/L):1 784.23 ± 488.49,1 629.37 ± 436.34 vs.2 489.14 ± 460.80,AI/AAR:0.284 ± 0.014,0.223 ± 0.008 vs.0.377 ± 0.011,all P ＜ 0.05].There was significant difference in LVEDP,LVESP,and AI/AAR between I/R + M-PHC group and I/R + H-PHC group (all P ＜ 0.05),and no significant difference in other parameters (all P ＞ 0.05).It was showed by electron microscopic examination that after I/R injury,the myocyte mitochondria membranes were broken,mitochondria were markedly swollen,mitochondrial cristae disappeared;however in I/R+M-PHC and I/R+H-PHC groups,mitochondrial swelling was mild,the capsule was more or less intact,mitochondrial cristae were partly visible,the structure was complete,especially in the group I/R+H-PHC,and the mitochondrial structure was close to normal.Conclusions PHC could protect myocardial from I/R injury.Mid dose of PHC (0.3 mg/kg) and high dose of PHC (1.0 mg/kg) could provide better protective effect than low dose of PHC (0.1 mg/kg),and high dose of PHC is better in effect than the middle dose.

Objective To investigate the clinical value of prenatal ultrasound in fetal meningocele and encephalocele.Methods Thirty nine fetuses with meningocele and encephalocele confirmed by prenatal ultrasound and abortion were acquired and their clinical data and sonographic features were retrospectively analyzed.Results Ultrasound screening in 111 620 cases showed 39 fetuses were with meningocele and encephalocele,accounting for 0.35％.Among them,16 cases were diagnosed with meningocele (including 1 case with two bulging parts) and 23 cases with encephalocele.Prenatal ultrasound could clearly detect the location and size fetal skull defect,and bulging features.According to their sonographic features,meningocele or encephalocele was determined.Conclusion Ultrasound could be a reliable prenatal screening method,provide an important basis for clinical intervention and have a significant clinical value in fetal meningocele and encephalocele.

Objective By analyzing the changes in behavior and the myelin basic protein (MBP) of the offspring in adult that treated with Poly(I∶C) during pregnancy,and to understand the role of white matter abnormalities in the abnormal behavior of the offspring induced by infection in maternal hosts.Methods Two models maternal female rats were given Poly(I∶ C) with 5 mg/kg and 10mg/kg respectively during the early pregnancy,and control maternal female rats was administered 5 mg/kg saline.The prepulse inhibition test,passive avoidance test and active avoidance test were used to evaluate schizophrenia like behaviors for each groups offspring in 8 weeks,and the expression of MBP was detected by immunohistochemical staining methods.Results The results of prepulse inhibition test showed that significant differences of PP2,PP4 and PP8 results existed among control group,single-dose model group and double-dose model group (F=10.381,P=0.001,F=10.313,P=0.001,F=15.233,P=0.000).Compared with the control group,the two model groups showed significantly lower,the double-dose model group was lower than single-dose model group (P＜0.05).In passive avoidance test,there were significant differences of T1 and T2 results existed among control group,single-dose model group and double-dose model group (F=23.555,P=0.000,F=17.524,P=0.000).The T1 results of two model groups were significantly higher than control group,the double-dose model group was significantly higher than single-dose model group (P＜0.05) ; the T2 results of two model groups were lower than control group,the double-dose model group was lower than single-dose model group(P＜0.05).The results of passive avoidance test indicated that significant differences existed among control group,single-dose model group and double-dose model group in whole period of testing and total conditioned response rate(F=8.631,P=0.000,F=6.986,P=0.001),the two model groups were significantly lower than control group,double-dose model group was significantly lower than single-dose model group (P＜0.05).MBP results of two model groups were significantly lower than control group,two model groups had no significant difference (P＞ 0.05).Conclusion The adult offspring that were treated with Poly (I∶C) exit abnormal behavior and damaged white matter,and there is a correlation between the degree of abnormal behavior and drug dose.