Objective To analyze the changes of gopher density and epidemic situations of animal plague in the natural plague foci of Yinchuan from 2004-2014,to sum up the epidemic regularity of the epidemic situation,and to provide a scientific basis for prevention and treatment of the plague.Methods Retrospective analysis was used in the study.The plague monitoring data were collected;the number of host animals,density of rat,media index,aetiological and serological test results were analyzed.Results From 2004 to 2014,a total of 15 664 rats in 14 species,4 families and 9 genera were captured.The dominant populations were Meriones unguiculatus and Meriones meridianus.The density of rats was 4 919 km2,the number of rats was 6 196,the density of each rat was 0.21 to 3.85/hm2,and the average density was 1.26/hm2.A total of 15 664 rats were examined,the number of positive rats was 33,and the positive rate was 0.21％ (33/15 664).Among them,gerbils were 29,accounted for 87.88％ (29/33);18 strains of Yersiniapestis were detected in dead rats,which accounted for 54.54％ (18/33).A total of 5 810 groups of 22 070 fleas were cultured,the number of positive fleas was 42,and the positive rate was 0.12％ (7/5 810).Plague fleas were 2 kinds,the same type cheopis subspecies in 6 groups of 37 fleas,Nosopsyllus laeviceps vole subspecies in 1 group of 5 fleas.The positive number of F1 antibody was 3,and the positive rate was 0.12％ (3/ 2 446).Conclusions Yinchuan City,the natural foci of plague epidemic,is in the active state.We should pay attention to the density changes of Meriones unguiculatus and strengthen the monitoring work to pick up the dead rats,and found the epidemic of animal plague as soon as possible,in order to prevent the occurrence of human plague.

Objective To observe the clinical effectiveness of early sequential nutrition support (ESN)in the treatment of acute exacer-bation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD)patients complicated with type Ⅱ respiration failure.Methods Eighty-four AE-COPD patients with type Ⅱ respiration failure were enrolled into our study and received the conventional therapies such as mechanical venti-lation,anti-infection,spasmolysis and asthma control.Patients were randomized assigned into the ESN group (n =42)and the total parenteral nutrition group (TPN,n =42)according to the nutritional care methods,and the clinical effectiveness were observed.Results Clinical symptoms were significantly improved in both of the two groups.However,the total effective rate,average length of stay,pulmonary function, triceps skinfold thickness (TSF)and serum albumin levels were significantly better in the ESN group,and the differences were ofstatistical significance (P <0.05).Conclusion The study comfirmed the necessity of ESN application on the AECOPD patients with type Ⅱ respira-tion failure,which can further improve the treatment effectiveness and nutrition status.

ObjectiveTo investigate left ventricular (LV) radial dyssynchrony and LV rotational change of isolated complete left bundle branch block (CLBBB) and CLBBB with heart failure (HF).Methods Twenty-six isolated CLBBB patients,twenty-four CLBBB patients with HF and twenty healthy controls were studied.Two-dimensional speckle tracking imaging (2D-STI) was applied to short-axis views to calculate LV radial dyssynchrony and LV rotational and twist degree and time to peak rotational and twist degree.ResultsLV radial dyssynchrony and LV rotation and twist degree were intermediately damaged in isolated CLBBB patients and was significantly damaged in CLBBB patients with HF,compared with healthy controls.ConclusionsFor isolated CLBBB patients,even if LV ejection fraction was in the normal range,another parameters of cardiac mechanic had changed and 2DSTI could be used to evaluate these alterations.

Objective To study the effect of early enteral nutrition (EEN) with ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid on nutritional status and body immunity of postoperative patients with colorectal cancer.Methods Forty patients with colorectal cancer were randomly divided into EEN group and parenteral nutrition (PN) group by systematic sampling method with 20 cases of each.The patients in EEN group were given complete enteral nutrition with ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid 1-7 d after operation,while the patients in PN group only were given nutrient by regular PN.Nutritional status,body immunity before operation and 1-7 d after operation,and intestinal function recovery time,untoward reaction were determined.Results The postoperative anus first exhaust time and defecate time of patients in EEN group were significantly shorter than those in PN group [(48.0±5.6) hvs.(51.0±6.7) h,(53.0±4.8) h vs.(72.0±3.6) h,P＜0.05].Serum albumin and prealbumin 1 d after operation in 2 groups were significantly lower than before operation (P ＜0.05),but 7 d after operation were significantly higher than 1 d after operation (P ＜0.05).Serum albumin and prealbumin 7 d after operation in EEN group were significantly higher than PN group(P ＜ 0.05).IgG,IgA,IgM,CD3,CD4,CD8,CD4/CD8 1 d after operation in 2 groups were significantly lower than before operation (P ＜ 0.05).IgG,IgA,CD4,CD4/CD8 7 d after operation in EEN group were significantly higher than PN group (P＜ 0.05).Conclusions Compared with the PN,EEN with ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid can remarkably improve nutritional status and body immunity in postoperative patients with colorectal cancer.It can accelerate the recovery of intestine function and worthy of recommending.

There are three key factors in tissue engineering: seeding cells, scaffold and their interaction. Although mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are potential seeding cells, the problem of what phase MSCs should be used is not yet solved. On the other hand, degradable porous scaffolds which have good mechanics and good biocompatibility are preferred. To choose the optimum seeding cells and the suitable ratio of beta-TCP/PLLA porous scaffold, we observed the phenotype of the male SD rat's osteoblastic MSCs and detected the amount of alkaline phosphatase, osteocalcin and type I collagen secreted by the osteoblastic rMSCs in different phase. About 10, 14 and 20 days after induction, the induced cells came into proliferative phase, matrix synthesis phase and mineralization phase, respectively. Then we chose the suitable cells and seeded them on beta-TCP/PLLA composite scaffolds with different ratios (beta-TCP/PLLA = 1:1; beta-TCP/PLLA = 1:2; and beta-TCP/PLLA = 2:1). Fluorescence microscope, scanning electron microscope and MTT assay were used to observe and to detect the biocompatibility of the scaffolds. The results indicated that all of these materials have biocompatibility to some extent. Cells can grow well on all of the scaffolds. However, scaffold beta-TCP/PLLA = 2:1 seems to be a more suitable tissue engineering scaffold on account of its minimal influence on cell growth and differentiation.
Animals ; Biocompatible Materials ; Calcium Phosphates ; pharmacology ; Cell Differentiation ; Cells, Cultured ; Coculture Techniques ; Lactic Acid ; pharmacology ; Male ; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ; cytology ; Osteoblasts ; cytology ; Polyesters ; Polymers ; pharmacology ; Porosity ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Tissue Engineering

This experiment is sought to study the contribution of different gene in osteogenous differentiation of bone marrow stromal cells (MSCs) and optimize the seed cells of bone tissue engineering. Firstly, we obtained the full length gene of BMP-2, VEGF165 and bFGF by RT-PCR, and cloned into the expression vector pcDNA3. 0. After to be transfected, the MSCs cell lines which could express each of the target protein were selected out by G418. RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry were used to confirm the exogenous gene expression in MSCs. MTT showed that almost all of the MSCs which have been transfected with exogenous gene had more strong proliferative potential than the untransfected group did. There was a notable increase of ALP activity in transfected cell compared with the control group. The concentration of OCN in cell culture medium had a increase in some degree except of VEGF group. The outstanding osteogenous differentiation could be observed in BMP-2 and bFGF transfected MSCs. The results showed that the MSCs modified by BMP-2 and bFGF would be more effective in bone tissue engineering field.
Animals ; Bone Marrow Cells ; cytology ; Bone Morphogenetic Proteins ; genetics ; Cell Differentiation ; Cells, Cultured ; Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 ; genetics ; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ; cytology ; Osteogenesis ; Rats ; Tissue Engineering ; methods ; Transfection ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A ; genetics

To investigate the growth and osteogenesis characteristics of cultured canine mesenchymal stem cells (cMSCs) under osteogenic induction. We found the cMSCs were isolated from adult canine using density gradient separation method. The cMSCs attachment formed soon after seeding and grew into colonies with the appearance of fibroblastic cells. The osteogenic induction compound of Dexamethasone (Dex), beta-sodium glycerphosphate (beta-GP), ascorbic acid (AA) was added to passaged cMSCs and the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of them was studied. The morphology of cells was observed by light micrograph and transmission electron microscope. The proliferation and growth characteristics of cMSCs were observed during primary and passage cultures through MTT. The differentiation were assayed by alkaline phophatase (ALP) and osteocalcin (OCN). We found the cMSCs have an active proliferative ability in primary and passage culture, and cMSCs under osteogenic induction have the typical characteristic of a secretory cell; the osteogenic induction compound may induce cMSCs to differentiate to osteoblasts. There are higher expression of ALP and OCN in passage 3 cMSCs under osteogenic induction than that of the osteoblasts osteogenic induction condition. Our research suggest the cMSCs in our culture system are mainly undifferentiated osteoprogenitors and can differentiate to osteoblast under osteogenic induction.
Animals ; Bone Marrow Cells ; cytology ; Cell Differentiation ; physiology ; Cells, Cultured ; Dogs ; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ; cytology ; Osteoblasts ; cytology ; Osteogenesis ; Tissue Engineering ; methods

To establish and observe rabbit hyperlipemia and atherosclerosis model, we combined the method of high-lipid diet and immuoreactive injure. We divided 45 New Zealand rabbit into control group and high-lipid group. According to the time (4, 8, 12 weeks) of established model, the control group and high-lipid group were divided into 3 groups respectively. The blood-lipid, the hemodynamics parameter and vascular intima were determined and observed. The results showed: (1) After feeding 4, 8, 12 weeks, TC and LDL-C of the high-lipid group in the serum increased obviously. After feeding 8 week, TG of the high-lipid group began to increase obviously. HDL-C of the high-lipid group was higher than control group, but with a descendent trend. (2) Blood viscosity of the high-lipid group increased obviously under the 0.512 S(-1) and 5.96 S(-1) at 12 week. Blood flow increased obviously at 8 and 12 week. SBP increased evidently at 8 and 12 week. Alteration of the plasma viscosity and vascular diameter were not obvious. (3) By observing with optical microscope the intima of the control group is smooth. The intima of the high-lipid group has a light incrassation at 4 week. The intima of the high-lipid group has a obvious incrassation at 8 and 12 week. By observing with through transmission electron microscopy (TEM), the lipid vacuole is under the endothelium cell. (4) By adopting the immunohistochemistry, the foam cell that derived from smooth muscle cell were determined. We concluded that the blood lipid can have a prefigurative role in atherosclerosis; blood flow and blood pressure and blood viscosity increase at low shear rate in the course of the atherosclerosis; vascular intima is incrassate and the composition of the AS plaque is variational continually.
Animals ; Atherosclerosis ; blood ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Endothelium, Vascular ; pathology ; Hemodynamics ; Hyperlipidemias ; blood ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Lipids ; blood ; Male ; Rabbits

Objective To compare the left ventricular function parameters of patients with sick sinus syndrome ( SSS ) and DDD pacemaker implantation during atrioventricular conduction ( AVC ) and right ventricular apex pacing ( RVAP ) mode . Methods Forty‐six consecutive patients with SSS who had undergone DDD pacemaker implantation were studied . Fifty volunteers were included as control group . Changing from AVC to RVAP mode ,the acute effect on echocardiographic parameters ,including LVEF , parameters of aortic/pulmonary artery pulse wave Doppler ,and parameters of left ventricular twist by speckle tracking imaging were measured respectively . Pacemaker implantation duration and cumulative ventricular pacing proportion ( Cum% VP) were recorded . The relationships of pacemaker parameter and above left ventricular function parameters were analyzed . Results Compared with control group ,values of peak rotation in LV apex and LV twist were significantly lower during AVC and RVAP mode . The value of peak rotation in LV base showed no significant difference between three groups .Apical‐basal rotation delay during RVAP was significantly longer than those during AVC and in control group respectively ( P <0 .05) . LVEF during RVAP decreased statistically ( P< 0 .05 ) ,but showed no difference during AVC , compared with the control group . The peak LV twist related positively with LVEF ,and negatively with Cum% VP . Conclusions RVA pacing decreases left ventricular function , which is independent of asynchrony contraction patterns caused by pacing . LVEF ,apical rotation and LV twist are more sensitive to demonstrate the LV dysfunction in patients with pacemaker implantation . LV twist related negatively with Cum% VP .

Objective To analyze the left ventricular (LV) diastolic function parameters of patients with sick sinus syndrome (SSS) and DDD pacemaker implantation during atrioventricular conduction (AVC) and right ventricular apex pacing(RVAP)mode.Methods Forty-six consecutive patients with SSS who had undergone DDD pacemaker implantation were studied.Fifty volunteers were selected as control group.Changing from AVC to RVAP mode,the acute effect on echocardiographic left ventricular diastolic function parameters,including mitral inflow PW parameters,mitral annulus tissue Doppler imaging parameters,left atrial volume index,and LV∕apical∕basal untwist parameters were measured.And all subjects were classified into normal diastolic function or three degrees of LV diastolic dysfunction.Results Compared with control group,both AVC and RVAP mode of patients with DDD pacemaker implantation resulted in the worsening of LV diastolic function as shown by(1) prolonged deceleration time of E wave, decreased descending slope of E wave,as well as decreased early diastolic velocity at the septal mitral annulus,(2) the decrease of LV∕basal∕apical untwist velocity,(3) the increase in the degree of diastolic dysfunction.Conclusions In patients with DDD pacemaker implantation,both AVC and RVAP mode are associated with the deterioration of LV diastolic function,which is particularly obvious in RVAP mode.