OBJECTIVE:To study the preparation and in vitro dissolution of ethyl pepper solid dispersion. METHODS:Sol-vent-melting method was adopted. Using polyethylene glycol 6000(PEG-6000)as carrier,the effects of different drug-loading ratios (1∶1,1∶5,1∶7,1∶10,1∶15,1∶18,1∶20)on the dissolution of ethyl pepper solid dispersion was invesigated. The stability of crude drug ethyl pepper at 85℃was determined. Furthermore,differential scanning calorimetry and X-ray powder diffraction meth-od were used to identify the existence of ethyl pepper in the solid dispersion. RESULTS:The dissolution of ethyl pepper could be improved by mixing ethyl pepper and PEG-6000 in a ratio of 1∶15,and the preparation was maintained stable at 85 ℃. The drugs part of ethyl pepper-PEG-6000 solid dispersions existed in the form of amorphous or molecular. CONCLUSIONS:The dissolution of ethyl pepper solid dispersion can be improved significantly by mixing ethyl pepper and PEG-6000 (1∶15),and the dispersion keeps stable at 85℃. The study can provide reference for further study of the preparation technology of ethyl pepper preparation.

Objective:To investigate an effective paradigm to test false belief understanding for the Autism. Method:By comparing the multimedia animation presentation and the traditional presentation, 20 autistic children's false belief understanding was analyzed as well as the normal children's.Results:Animation presentation was really helpful to both groups, especially for the children with autism. The performance might be underestimated due to the application of the traditional presentation in false belief tasks.Conclusion:The autistic children's theory of mind can be measured much closer to the truth if the more apt tasks are considered.

Objective To investigate the ability of theory of mind use in elders,and determine the role of inhibitory control in the use of theory of mind. Methods The participants included 30 young-old people ,30 oldold people and 30 young people. Their ability of theory of mind use and inhibitory control were examined with The Referential Communication Task and Hayling Sentence Completion Test,respectively. Results The correct rate of referential communication task was significantly lower in old-old people (0.43 ± 0.32) than those of young-old people (0.69 ±0.24, P=0. 001 ) and young people (0. 77 ±0. 25, P＜0. 001 ). Partial correlation analysis showed that the total errors in Hayling Test-B was negatively correlated with the correct rate of Referential Communication Task ( r= -0.442, P＜0.001 ). Hiberarchy regression analysis showed that the total errors in Hayling Test-B entered the equation ( β = -0.451, P＜0. 001 ) and could independently explained 16.8% of the variance (△R2 = 0. 168, △F = 19.359, P ＜ 0.001 ) after controlling for age. Conclusion Old-old people show worse performance in the use of theory of mind. The impairment of inhibitory control can partly explain the decline of theory of mind use in old-old people.

Nealy 80% cerebral palsy infant are accompanied with speech obstacle at different degree, which always lead to intelligent and communication difficulties, much attention should be paid on special training. This arcle will introduce the four main aspects types of speech obstacle, the reason of speech obstable, the examination and evaluation of speech obstacle, and treatment of speech obstacle.

Objective To explore the pediatric emergency medical mode in critical ill children by pediatrics specialty and nurses,using equipments of ICU for adults in second class general hospital. Methods We retrospectively analyzed the effect of establishing the pediatric observation unit in the adult observationdistrict and the prognosis and disease spectrum of pediatric critical patients in our emergency ICU in the past five years. Results 5 076 pediatric patients had been admitted to the emergency observation unit accounting for 3.40% of outpatient yearly. There were 464 critically ill children,accounting for 9. 14% of children into the observation unit,251 cases (54. 09%) were transported to other hospitals,35 cases (7.54%) were admitted to emergency ICU due to transport high-risk, 14 cases required ventilator support. The disease spectrum based mainly on childhood accident,including trauma,poisoning and drowning,etc. The other major diseases were severe infection and fulminant myocarditis. After the treatment such as stopping bleeding, respiratory supporting ,correcting shock, and maintaining the function of important organs,77. 14 % were improved or recovered. The survival rate of children with mechanical ventilation was > 85%. Conclusion In our country,the pediatric emergency medical service system is inadequate. The critical illness treatment model of using the advantages of equipments and nurse' s team of adult ICU in second class general hospital ,combining with pediatrician trained in PICU is feasible and consistents with our national conditions.

Objective To investigate the characteristics of contact allergens in eczema and dermatitis for further diagnosis and treatment. Methods 340 cases with eczema and dermatitis were tested with a standardized screening antigen kit. Results (80. 88% ) of the 340 patients tested had at least one positive allergen among 18 of 20 standardized screening antigen. The first six allergens were nickel sulfate ( 29. 70% ), potassium dichroroate (27.64% ) ,fragrant mix(22.35% ) ,carba mix(20.29% ) ,thimerosal( 18. 82% ) ,benzocaine( 17.94% ). Conclusion Nickel sulfate,potassium dichromate,fragrance mix and carba mix were the main allergens causing dermatitis and eczema presently. Patch-testing was helpful in identifying the property of contact allergens in para eczema and dermatitis.

AIM: To observe the changes of inflammatory factors and blood coagulatory factors and effects of antithrombin Ⅲ (ATⅢ) on activated inflammatory factors and blood coagulatory factors in rats with hemorrhagic shock. METHODS: The rat model of hemorrhagic shock was set up. 40 SD rats were randomized into four groups: sham operation, shock, routine dose ATⅢ and high dose ATⅢ groups, each group was composed of 10 SD rats. Shock group was administered common resuscitation fluid, routine dose ATⅢ group was administered ATⅢ 20 U/kg, high dose ATⅢ group was administered ATⅢ 100 U/kg everyday for successive three days. Plasma NF-?B, 6-Keto-prostaglandinF1?, E-selectin, sICAM-1, thrombin-ATⅢ complexes, thrombinogen fragment F1+2 (PF F1+2), D-dimer and TMD levels were detected. RESULTS: Plasma NF-?B, sICAM-1, E -selectin levels were significantly lower in high dose ATⅢ group than those in shock group and routine dose ATⅢ group (P

Objective:To investigate the effects of enflurane on antioxidant ability in ischemic preconditioned rat hearts in vitro. Method:Ninety-six SD rat hearts were perfused with Langendorff device. All hearts were randomly allocated to four groups:Control, enflurane group receiving 40 min of enflurane (1.5MAC),ischemic preconditioning group undergoing two 5-min ischemia and 10-min reperfusion, enflurane + ischemia group receiving enflurane (1.5MAC) for 10 min before ischemia preconditioning procedures. All groups underwent 25-min ischemia and 30-min reperfusion. Left ventricular pressure (LVP), heart rats (HR)and ischemic contracture pressure (ICP) were monitored. Myocardial superoxide dismutase(SOD)and malodialdehyde(MDA)were measured before ischemia, 15min following ischemia and 30 min following reperfusion. Result: Treated groups had better myocardial functional recovery of contractility compared to control groups,with preconditioning being better than enflurane (P

Objective To investigate airway inflammation,number of eosinophils in blood and BALF,the expression of inhibitor protein ?(I ?B ?) and nuclear factor-?B(NF-?B) activity in lung of rat with spleen deficiency asthma,and the effect of herbs of reinforcing spleen to replenishing Qi.Method Thirty rats were randomly divided into three groups:control group(group A),spleen deficiency asthma group(group B),decoction group(group C).The pathological changes of lung was detected by HE staining,and the expression of I ?B ? and activity of nuclear factor ?B p65(NF-?B p65) was assessed in lung by immunohistochemistry.Results Compared with group A,the expression of I ?B ? significantly reduced(P