ObjectiveTo study the mastery, acquiring ways and need of studying the knowl-edge and skill of emergency treatment in non- medical junior college and technical secondary school students. MethodsThe survey was carried out in 600 non-medical junior college and technical sec-ondary school students to investigate their mastery and need of emergency knowledge, the results underwent analysis. ResultsThe mastery of the emergency knowledge was uneven in non- medical junior college and technical secondary school students. 100.0% of them can call 120 correcdy, 58.5% of them mastered the e-mergency treatment of carbon monoxide poisoning, and 25.0% mastered cardiac pulmonary resuscitation. All the students desired to hold the knowledge and skill of emergency treatment. Television, broadcast and internet were the main ways for them to master emergency knowledge. ConclusionsThe mastery of the knowledge and skill of emergency treatment is not good. It is urgent to educate and train them with the knowledge and skill of emergency treatment, and to improve knowledge and skill of emergency treatment.

Objective To summarize the nursing experience in prehospital first-aid of patients with cardiac traumas in order to improve the cooperation capability of prehospital first-aid. Methods The nursing cooperation of prehospital first-aid of 33 patients with cardiac trauma was analyzed retrospec-tively. Results 24 cases of them were rescued successfully, and were completely recovered without se-quelas. 4 cases complicated with severe multiple trauma, died after arriving at hospital, and 3 cases com-plicated with multiple trauma died of complications, while 2 cases with injury of thoracic aorta died during the surgery. Conclusions Early emergency treatment and judgment of traumatic condition could pro-vide valuable chance for inhospital first-aid.

OBJECTIVE To explore the application of hydrogen dioxide hypothermic plasma sterilizing system(STERRAD 100S) in operating room,and study the cost.METHODS The cost of sterilizing endoscopic instruments in operating room was analyzed.And the method of using medical material was improved as follows: use the non-woven fabrics and transparent packing bags repeatly to increase the utilization efficiency of medical material.RESULTS Compared with the traditional method,the cost of sterilizing instruments by STERRAD 100S decreased 2-3 times,which brought much economic benefit.CONCLUSIONS 100S Can improve the working efficiency,reduce inventory level of endoscopic instruments and sterilizing cost,which can relief patient economic burden and ensure patient interest.

Objective To investigate the effect of predictive nursing on the living donor liver transplantation.Methods Forty patients undergoing living donor liver transplantation were divided into the intervention group and the control group with 20 patients in each group randomly.We gave routine nursing cooperation to the control group while predictive nursing besides routine nursing cooperation to the intervention group.The operation time,cold ischemia time of donor liver,nursing complication,cost of surgery and satisfaction degree of surgery cooperation were recorded.Results Compared with the control group,the operation time,cold ischemia time of donor liver,nursing complication,cost of surgery were all decreased,and the satisfaction degree of surgery cooperation was improved.Conclusions Predictive nursing can improve nursing operation quality,raise the efficiency of nursing and surgery,reduce the incidence of complication,which is beneficial to smooth progress of operation and increase satisfaction degree of doctors and nurses to nursing cooperation.

Objective To discuss the expression and mutation of β-catenin gene in breast carcinoma.Methods 119 breast carcinomas, 72 adenosis of breast tissues and 40 normal breast tissues were studied.Using immunohistochemistry studies to detect the expressions of β-catenin, then analyzing their relationship with the clinicopathological features of breast carcinomas. Gene mutation of β-catenin (exon 3) in 44 cases of breast carcinoma were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and then by direct sequencing.ResultsIn 40 cases of normal breast tissues, epithelial cells showed equally strong membranous of β-catenin protein at the cell-cell boundaries. The abnormal rate of β-catenin in breast carcinomas (78.15 %) was much higher than that of adenosis of breast tissues (44.44 %), the significant correlation was found (P＜0.01). The abnormal expression of β-catenin was associated with lymph node metastasis (P=0.031). Mutation of β-catenin gene was not detected in 44 cases of breast carcinoma, while the abnormal rate of β-catenin in 44 cases of breast carcinoma was 77.30 %. Conclusionβ-catenin abnormal expression could be considered as an useful marker for determining metastasis and prognosis of human breast carcinoma and for guiding treatment. β-catenin abnormal expression is not caused by β-catenin gene mutation, maybe by other mechanisms. It needs further study.

Anti-HER2 monoclonal antibody (Sc7301)-paclitaxel (TAX) immunoconjugate was prepared and its specific binding to tumor cells was investigated in this study. Sc7301 was conjugated to TAX by the active ester method and then the TAX-Sc7301 immunoconjugate was obtained. After purification and labeling by Cyano-fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC), the specific binding of TAX-Sc7301 to HER2-positive tumor cells (SKOV3) and HER2-negative tumor cells (HepG2) was evaluated respectively. TAX-Sc7301 (20 nmol/L) showed distinct specific binding to SKOV3 cells rather than HepG2 cells. And the uptake of the immunoconjugate by SKOV3 cells was increased with the TAX-Sc7301 concentration (3-48 nmol/L) and the incubation time (P<0.05). It was concluded that the TAX-Sc7301 immunoconjugate is potentially applicable as a targeted agent against HER2-positive tumor cells.

The accurate location of acupoints is the prerequisite for the efficacy of acupuncture-moxibustion. Bone-length measurement, bone-proportional measurement, and proportional unit of the body measurement are commonly used in clinic for acupoints location. Based on the systematic review of the ancient literatures, this article discussed the meaning, evolution and relations of bone-length measurement, bone-proportional measurement, and proportional unit of the body measurement. It’s concluded that the bone-length measurement should be a benchmark in ancient anthropometry and an important basis for acupoints location. Bone proportional measurement, used in different genders, ages and body sizes, was based on the relatively stable proportional relations of various body parts, though some of the standards were adjusted in accordance with the correlation between meridians and acupoints. Location of points by proportional unit of the body simplified the application of bone-length measurement and bone proportional measurement, based on the ratio between short and long bones or the ratio of same body parts in anthropometry. However, proportional unit of the body measurement should be applied for the specific body parts. Bone-length measurement, bone-proportional measurement, and proportional unit of the body measurement are correspondingly the benchmark measurement, relative measurement, and simplified measurement.

Objective To investigate the compatible stability of alanylglutamine by using continuous series infusion device,and provide experimental evidence for reasonable clinical use of alanylglutamine. Methods pH,osmolality and quantity of insoluble particles were measured by using pH meter, automatic freezing osmometer and intelligent particle detector respectively.A HPLC method was built for the determination of the content of alanylglutamine. Results pH and quantity of insoluble particles of the two tested groups did not change significantly over time. Osmolality and the content of alanylglutamine fluctuated greatly in the first half an hour. Conclusion Continuous series infusion device may not mix each bottle of solution very well.It is suggested to premix these solutions to ensure the stability of the dilution ratio and the osmotic pressure of the mixture in the process of the infusion.

Objective:To evaluate the inhibitory effect of 5 Chinese herbal medicinal ingredients baicalin, andrographolide, hes-peridin, polyphenols and daidzein on the activity of carboxylesterase 1 (CES1) and carboxylesterase 2 (CES2). Methods: The spe-cial probes respectively for CES1 and CES2, namely imidapril and CPT-11, imidaprilat and SN-38, were used to investigate the poten-tial effect of the above drugs on CES1 and CES2 in rat liver microsomes incubation system. Results:Compared with that in the control group, the activity of CES1 and CES2 was not significantly influenced by the above 5 Chinese herbal medicinal ingredients ( P <0. 05). Conclusion:Baicalin, andrographolide, hesperidin, polyphenols and daidzein exhibit no inhibitory effect against CES1 and CES2, and further studies should be conducted to confirm the effect in vivo.

Objective To explore the influence of different administration time on antidepressant effect of seven clinical common antidepressants. Methods Male mice were randomly divided into eight groups:venlafaxine (75 mg/kg), sertraline (20 mg/kg), fluoxetine (20 mg/kg), doxepin (15 mg/kg), mirtazapine (15 mg/kg), citalopram (40 mg/kg), trazodo?ne (50 mg/kg) and control (saline) groups. Each group contained 36 mice. Drugs were administered to 6 mice per group 30 min before forced swimming test at the 6 time points (9:00, 13:00 and 17:00 as light phase and 21:00, 1:00 and 5:00 as dark phase). Forced swimming test was applied to determine the influence of dosing time on anti-immobility effect of seven antidepressants at each time point. Results Immobility time in venlafaxine group and sertraline group significant?ly decreased compared with that of control group at all time points(all P<0.05). Moreover, anti-immobility effects of ven?lafaxine, fluoxetine, mirtazapine and doxepin were better during the dark phase than during the light phase (all P<0.05). In addition, immobility time in sertraline group decreased at the late part of dark phase (5:00) and the early part of light phase (9:00) compared with other phases (P<0.05). Conclusions Most antidepressants show 24-h rhythm dependent an?ti-immobility effects, but rhythmic patterns are not completely consistent among different antidepressants. Further study is needed to explore the chronopharmacological mechanism and clinical applications of these antidepressants.