BACKGROUND: The preventative capabilities of enamel demineralization, rising from the fixed orthodontic treatment, have drawn tremendous attention in recent years. Despite a variety of investigations carried out by both domestic and foreign scholars, whereas, the results of ways to reduce the incidence of demineralization are never fully satisfactory or unified. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the inhibitory effect of Fluor protector on enamel demineralization based on clinical practices during fixed orthodontic treatment.DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: Contrast observation was performed in the Department of Stomatology, Qingdao Second Sanatorium, Jinan Military Area Command of Chinese PLA from January 2006 to January 2009. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 132 participants (856 teeth, aged 7-18 years, average age 10.5 years, 76 females and 56 males), who had wall-developed hardened dental tissues, no tetracycline pigmentation teeth, no dental fiuorosis, or anything that constricted in their teeth, were involved in the study. And all subjects were volunteers who had signed the informed consent form and agreed to receive dental treatment and periodic review.METHODS: All the teeth were randomly divided into two groups: experimental and control groups. Teeth for the experimental group were bonded with the supporting brackets with the Fluor protectors, whereas teeth for the control group did basically the same only without the Fluor protectors. After the fixed orthodontic treatment, the supporting devices were removed, all the teeth were fully washed, and then the conditions of the tooth surfaces were observed and documented in both experimental and control groups.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The detection rate of orthodontic enamel demineralization in the two groups alter the fixed orthodontic treatment.RESULTS: After evaluation of the results of both groups, the incidence rate of enamel demineralization in the experimental group (5.51%) was obviously lower than control group (15.1%).CONCLUSION: Fluor protector has a significantly positive effect on preventing enamel demineralizaUon dudng fixed orthodontic treatment.

Objective To investigate the prevalence of fatigue in AS and its relationship with other clinical and functional parameters used for the evaluation of disease activity. Methods The fatigue was assessed in 73 patients with active AS using a single-item fatigue question of BASDAI. The correlation between fatigue and the clinical parameters of disease including the Bath AS disease activity index(BASDAI), Bath AS functional index (BASFI), Bath AS metrology index(BASMI), night pain, spinal inflammation, patient's global assessment(PGA) and enthesis index(EI) were determined. Results A total of 73 patients with ankylosing spondylitis were recruited. The prevalence of fatigue was 90.4% and the fatigue score of 68.5% patients was higher than 5. After controlled for the possible confounding factors such as age, gender, age and disease duration, it was found that fatigue was highly correlated with disease activity, pain and functional disability, BASMI,physical health and mental health. Conclusion Fatigue is an important symptom in AS. Fatigue can be measured with a single-item fatigue question of BASDAI.

Objective In this study, the best domestic digestive departments' websites are evaluated, adopting the meth-od of cross-sectional descriptive research, to evaluate the quality of such sites, and describe their characteristics. Methods Using a pre-defined evaluation standard, two well-trained evaluators independently explore and analyze 10 websites of domestic best departments of digestive diseases. Selection of departments is based on a domestic au-thoritative released rank of the best departments which has high credibility. Results These sites perform well in the content, perform in function and design, but perform not well in management & maintenance. Conclusion As the public use the websites of professional websites more and more to obtain information and services, domestic best di-gestive departments should better their sites' quality to meet the growing demands of consumers.

Objective To study the influence of Naikan therapy on the family function in patients with anxiety disorder of cerebral infarction.Methods A total of 192 patients with anxiety disorder of cerebral infarction were divided into control group and study group according to the set sequence.The study group was treated with Naikan therapy and the control group received routine therapy.All patients were assessed by family assessment device (FAD),Hamilton depression scale (HAMD),and Hamilton anxiety scale (HAMA).Results After 6-week treatment,the HAMD,HAMA,the affective reaction and behavior control scores in the study group were significantly lower than those before the treatment (t =2.24,2.43,2.37,2.35,P ＜ 0.05).The affective reaction and behavior control in the study group were obviously lower than that of the control group (t =2.51,2.41,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Naikan therapy can improve family function in patients with anxiety disorder of cerebral infarction.

Objective To study the influence of Naikan therapy on depression in patients with Schizophrenia.Methods 256 patients with Schizophrenia were divided into study group and control group according to the set sequence.The study group was simulated by Naikan therapy and the control group was given routine cure.All patients were assessed by Positive and negative symptom scale (PANSS),Simple coping style questionnaire (SCSQ),Defense way questionnaire (DSQ),Hamilton depression scale (HAMD),and Hamilton anxiety scale (HAMA).Restlts In the 6th week,the differences in HAMD score,Cover factor,negative coping were statistically significant between the two groups (t=2.37,2.33,2.36,P＜0.05).The differencs in HAMA score,Cover factor,negative coping were statistically significant between the 0th and the 6 th week in the study groups (t =2.31,2.42,2.47,P＜ 0.05).The difference of PANSS score were statistically significant between the 0th and 6th week of the two groups.Concltsion The Naikan therapy can improve the mental symptoms and depressive symptoms in patients with Schizophrenia.

Objective: To investigate the late identification and its influencing factors of newly reported HIV/AIDS cases in Shangcheng District, Hangzhou City, so as to provide insights into the development of strategies for early detection and identification of HIV/AIDS cases. Methods: Basic information, identification routes and CD4+T lymphocyte counts among newly reported HIV/AIDS cases in Shangcheng District from 2013 to 2022 were collected through the Chinese Disease Prevention and Control Information System. The proportion of late identification of newly reported HIV/AIDS cases was analyzed, and factors affecting late identification was analyzed by a multivariable logistic regression model. Results: Totally 1 052 HIV/AIDS cases were newly reported in Shangcheng District from 2013 to 2022, including 1 011 males (96.10%), and had a mean age of (32.90±12.39) years. There were 333 cases with late identification, accounting for 31.65%. The proportions of late identification have no significant changing trend from 2013 to 2022 (P>0.05). Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that HIV/AIDS cases aged 25 years and older (25 to 49 years, OR=1.894, 95%CI: 1.350-2.658; 50 years and older, OR=3.010, 95%CI: 1.838-4.928) had a higher risk of late identification, while HIV/AIDS cases with college degree and above (OR=0.655, 95%CI: 0.459-0.936) and identified by voluntary counseling and testing (OR=0.542, 95%CI: 0.380-0.772) had a lower risk of late identification. Conclusions The proportion of late identification of newly reported HIV/AIDS cases in Shangcheng District from 2013 to 2022 was 31.65%. Age, educational level and identification route were important factors affecting late identification of HIV/AIDS cases in Shangcheng District.

AIM:To detect the changes of active status of bypass signaling pathways in EML4-ALK positive lung cancer cell line H3122 treated with alectinib, hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), epidermal growth factor (EGF) and transforming growth factor-α (TGF-α), and to explore the potential mechanisms.METHODS:EML4-ALK positive cell line H3122 was treated with increasing concentrations of alectinib or/and induced by HGF, EGF and TGF-α.The cell viability was measured by CCK-8 assay.The cell apoptosis was analyzed by flow cytometry.The protein levels and phosphorylation status of ALK, c-Met and EGFR, and the downstream molecules AKT, ERK, p-AKT and p-ERK were examined by Western blot.RESULTS:The viability of the H3122 cells was inhibited by alectinib in a dose-dependent manner after administrated for 72 h, and the IC50 value was 0.042 μmol/L.The concentration-growth curves of the H3122 cells shifted to the right after induced by HGF, EGF and TGF-α.After treatment with alectinib at 0.05 μmol/L for 48 h, the apoptotic rate of H3122 cells was (20.12±1.36)%, while the apoptotic rates of the cells in the groups of alectinib combined with HGF, EGF or TGF-α were (7.85±1.03)%, (5.60±0.79)% and (4.58±1.00)%, respectively.Those values were remarkably lower than those in alectinib single treatment group (P<0.05).Alectinib inhibited the protein levels of p-ALK and its downstream signaling pathway molecules, while HGF significantly up-regulated the protein levels of p-Met and its downstream p-AKT and p-ERK.Besides, EGF and TGF-α remarkablely up-regulated the protein levels of p-EGFR and its downstream p-AKT and p-ERK.Combined treatment with crizotinib and 17-DMAG successfully inhibited the viability of the H3122 cells even in the presence of the HGF and EGFR ligands, respectively.CONCLUSION:Bypass signaling pathways are activated by HGF, EGF and TGF-α in EML4-ALK positive lung cancer cell line H3122, which may be linked to alectinib resistance.

Objective:To analyze the effect of tanreqing injection on the serum levels of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) and matrix metalloproteinases-9 (MMP-9) of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).Methods:102 patients with COPD were divided into the control group and the observation group according to random number table method,52 cases in each group.The control group was treated with routine therapy,and the observation group was treated with Tanreqing injection based on the control group.The serum TGF-β,MMP-9 levels,forced vital capacity (FVC),1 s forced expiratory volume (FEV1),partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2),oxygen partial pressure (PaO2),CD4+,CD86,CD4+/CD8+,syndrome integral,clinical efficacy and incidence of side effects were observed and compared between the two groups.Results:After treatment,the serum TGF-β,MMP-9 levels,PaCO2 and syndrome integral of observation group were significantly lower than those of the control group,the PaO2,CD4+,FVC,FEV1,CD4+/CD8+ and the clinical efficacy of observation group were obviously higher than those of the control group (P＜0.05).There was no significant difference in the incidence of side effects between the two groups (P＞0.05).Conclusion:Tanreqing injection could effectively reduce the serum levels of TGF-β and MMP-9,and improve the arterial blood gas,lung function and immune function in treatment of patients with COPD.

The clinically applied value of myocardial perfusion and systolic function in patients with coronary artery disease after coronary artery bypass surgery using real-time myocardial contrast echocardiography (RT-MCE) combined with two-dimensional strain echocardiography was assessed. Twenty patients underwent intravenous RT-MCE by intravenous injections of SonoVue before and after coronary artery bypass surgery. Two-dimensional images were recorded from the left ventricular four-chamber view, two-chamber view and the apical view before, and two weeks and three months after coronary artery bypass surgery, and the peak systolic longitudinal strain was measured. The results showed that myocardial perfusion was significantly increased after coronary artery bypass surgery in about 71.6% segments. In the group that myocardial perfusion was improved, the peak systolic longitudinal strain three months after bypass surgery was significantly higher than that before operation [(-15.78+/-5.91)% vs (-10.45+/-8.31)%, P<0.05]. However, the parameters did not change in the group without myocardial perfusion improvement [(-10.33+/-6.53)% vs (-9.41+/-6.09)%, P>0.05]. It was concluded that whether or not the improvement of myocardial perfusion can mirror the recovery trend of regional systolic function, two-dimensional strain echocardiography can observe dynamic change of regional systolic function. The combination of myocardial perfusion with two-dimensional strain echocardiography can more accurately assess the curative effectiveness of coronary artery bypass surgery.

Objective To improve the reliability and accuracy of WBC counting in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) ,this article is stud-ying the improved method of WBC counting in CSF by finding out the optimum percentage of CSF specimen with the most suitable concentration of acetic acid .Methods CSF specimen was mixed with different acetic acid at different ratio respectively .WBC counts were performed in 5 minutes on diluted samples of various concentrations .A series of 20 CSF specimens were analyzed via the proposed assay and conventional method .The average value and coefficient of variation (CV) of WBC count of each sample were c compared and analyzed .Results The optimum percentage of CSF sample was obtained at 60∶40 ratio .In this percentage , the maximal WBC count (189/μL) was obtained compared that of conventional method (161/μL) .Moreover ,the CV of the WBC counts in this percentage (7% ) was also lower than that of the conventional method (18% ) .Conclusion The reliability and accur-ancy of WBC counting in CSF was the optimum percentage of CSF specimen and 5% acetic acid was 60 :40 .It may lead to a more reliable ,accurate and standard way of WBC counts in CSF .