Objective To investigate the clinical effectiveness of peripherally inserted central catheters(PICC) and peripheral intravenous catheters(PIV) in tumor chemotherapy. Methods A total of 180 patients with intravenous chemotherapy were randomly divided into two groups. 108 patients in the PICC group, 72 patients in the PIV group. The holding time and complications were observed and compared. Results The rate of complication in the PICC group were much lower than the PIV group, however was much longer than the PIV group in holding time. But there was no statistical difference in the positive culture rate of bacteria of two groups. Conclusions It is very safe to use PICC which can reduce the rate of complication of catheters and venipuncture times and is worthy of spreading in practice.

ObjectiveTo establish a analytical system for the survival motor neuron (SMN) subtle mutation,and evaluate its application in two families with spinal muscular atrophy (SMA).MethodsSMN genes in seven family members from two SMA families were analyzed at both transcript level and genomic level,by the use of the conventional PCR-RFLP,allele-specific PCR,multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) and T subcloning and sequencing of SMNI gene.ResultsIn family A,the patient had a single SMN1 copy who was carrying nonsense mutation L228X,which was also found in his father.In family B,as the patient's sample was unavailable,the father was indeed a carrier with one normal SMN1 allele and the other SMN1 allele carrying a frameshift mutation 22_23insA.The remaining family members were SMA carriers with one SMN1 copy.ConclusionThis analytical system for SMN subtle mutation offers viable molecular basis for genetic counseling and prenatal diagnosis in SMA families.

AIM: To optimize the extraction of folium Artemisia argyi polysaccharides by the use of response surface methodoloy.METHODS : Experiment factors and levels were first selected on the ground of one factor test.Along with the central composite experimental design principles,the response surface methodoloy with three factors and three levels was adopted in search of multiple quadratic linear regression.Response surface and contour were finally chosen as the extraction rate and the response value respectively.RESULTS: The optimum extraction conditions of the polysaccharides from folium Artemisia argyi were concluded as follows : extraction temperature was at 99 ℃,extraction time was 2.3 hours,ratio of 20.CONCLUSION : Under these conditions,the yield of folium Artemisia argyi polysaecarides is up to 3.017%,extraction rate of the predictive best polysaccharides is 3.096%,and the relative error is 2.6%.

Objective To evaluate the influencing factors on image quality and the value of clinical application of coronary artery angiography with 16-slice spiral CT.Methods 16-slice spiral CT angiography was performed in 31 suspected coronary heart disease(CHD).All patients were examined in ordinary scanning (slice 3 mm) and coronary artery scanning (slice 1 mm)with the technique of retrospective electrocardiography gating,and multiplanar reconstruction(MPR),maximum intensity projection(MIP) and volume reconstruction technology(VRT) were done.The showing rate of coronary arteriae,the detecting rate of CHD and the influencing factors on image quality were evaluated by CT.Results 16-slice spiral CT could clearly show RCA1,RCA2,LAD1,LAD2,,LCX1.The image quality was affected by heart rate,breath movement and much calcification in artery,etc.Conclusion 16-slice spiral CT is of significant value in screening and diagnosing coronary artery disease.

Objective To investigate the prevention and management of anastomotic leakage in patients with middle and lower rectal cancer after neoadjuvant therapy.Methods In this study,50 cases of middle or lower rectal carcinoma underwent anus preserving radical resection and anastomosis after a 4 cycles of chemotherapy with FOLFOX and 46 Gy(2 Gy×23)radiotherapy.Anastomotic leakage,the prevention and management of this complication were analyzed retrospectively.Results All these 50 patients received low anterior resection after chemoradiotherapy,among the 19 cases receiving prophylactic ileac stoma simultaneously,there was no anastomotic leakage,whereas anastomotic leakage developed in 4 out of the 31 patients who did not receive prophylactic ileac stoma,including concomitant rectovaginal fistula in 2 cases.All these fistulae were cured conservatively.Conclusion Concomitant treatment of FOLFOX regimen and RT in neoadjuvant setting of rectal cancer could increase the rate of anal interior sphincter reservation,prophylactic ileac stoma helps to reduce the rate of anastomotic leakage after a anus-preserving low anterior resection of the cancer.

OBJECTIVE:To prepare transferrin(TF)modified tetrandrine(TET)and vincristine(VCR)active targeting lipo-somes,and to optimize its formulation. METHODS:TF modified TET and VCR liposomes were prepared by ammonium sulfate gradient method. Using comprehensive score of encapsulation efficiency of TET and VCR as index,central composite design-re-sponse surface method was used to optimize and validate mole ratio of EPC/Chol,mole ratio of EPC/PEG2000-DSPE and TF mass fraction. RESULTS:The optimal formulation was that the mole ratios of EPC/Chol and EPC/PEG2000-DSPE were 1.5:1 and 20:1, TF mass fraction was 0.10%. The encapsulation efficiency of TET and VCR were 97.80% and 93.00%,respectively. The compre-hensive score was 94.44(n=3)which was close to the predicted value of 93.81. CONCLUSIONS:The optimal formulation is sta-ble and can be used for the preparation of TF modified TET and VCR liposomes.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the signal transduction mechanism of curcumin in inhibiting the proliferation of bovine lens epithelial cell (LEC) induced by recombinant human epidermal growth factor (rhEGF). METHODS: There were three groups in this experiment, which were normal control group, untreated group and curcumin-treated group. Proliferation of LEC was induced by rhEGF (50 microg/L). The concentration of intracellular Ca(2+) ([Ca(2+)](i)) in LEC was measured with Fura-2/AM by spectrofluorimetry. The contents of intracellular cAMP and cGMP were assayed by radioimmunoassay. RESULTS: The [Ca(2+)]i in LEC was obviously increased in the untrated group as compared with that in the normal control group (P<0.01), and the [Ca(2+)](i) in LEC in the curcumin-treated group was highest among three groups (P<0.01). The content of intracellular cAMP in LEC was decreased while the content of intracellular cGMP was obviously increased in the untreated group as compared with those in the normal control group (P<0.01). The content of intracellular cAMP in LEC was higher in the curcumin-treated group than that in the untreated group, while the content of intracellular cGMP was lower than that in the untreated group (P<0.01). CONCLUSION: The antiproliferation effects of curcumin on LEC may relate to the regulations of multiple processes of signal transduction.

Objective To observe the effects of high fat diet on ulcerative colitis(UC)and atypical hyperplasia in different periods induced by azoxymethane(AOM)/dextran sodium sulfate(DSS)and the changes of interleukin-6(IL-6)level in blood. Methods The mice in DSS,DSS+AOM,DSS+high fat diet,and DSS+AOM+high fat diet groups were given DSS for 3 days and sterilization water for 4 days as one cycle for 9 cycles, and the mice in normal control group were given sterilization water(n=12 in each group). The mice in DSS+AOM and DSS+AOM+high fat diet groups received intraperitoneal injection of AOM(10 mg/kg)in the every first day of the first 3 cycles. The mice in each group were sacrificed at different time points,and the disease activity index and pathohistological index were used to determine the degree of inflammation. ELISA method was used for the detection of serum IL-6 level. Results Simple administration of DSS could induce UC in the mouse model. After 9 circles of treatment,atypical hyperplasia was not found in normal control and DSS groups,and the rate of atypical hyperplasia was 25%(1/4)in DSS+high fat diet group,50%(2/4)in DSS+AOM group,and 75%(3/4)in DSS+AOM+high fat diet group. However,there were no significant differences in the rate of atypical hyperplasia between DSS and DSS+AOM groups ,DSS+high fat diet and DSS+AOM+high fat diet groups ,DSS and DSS+high fat diet groups,and DSS+AOM and DSS+AOM+high fat diet groups(all P>0.05). The histopathological score and the disease activity index in DSS+high fat diet and DSS+AOM+high fat diet groups were higher than those in DSS and DSS+AOM groups(P<0.05). The IL-6 level in DSS+high fat diet and DSS+AOM+high fat diet groups was higher than that in DSS and DSS+AOM groups ,but the difference was not statistically signifi-cant(P>0.05). Conclusion High fat diet may be one of the stimulating factors of UC and atypical hyperplasia.

Objective To observe the effects of 630 nm red light and 460 nm blue light emitting diode irradiation on the healing of skin wounds in Japanese big-ear white rabbits. Methods The skin wound model was established with 8 Japanese big-ear white rabbits. Three parts of vulnus in each rabbit were used:two parts of vulnus were irradiated vertically by red and blue LED light,respectively(15 min/time),and the distance between lights and wounds was 15 cm;the 3part of the wound was used as a control. On the 21day of the wounds exposure to light,the number of healing wounds and the percentage of healing area were recorded and the treatment effect of these two light sources was compared. HE staining was used to analyze the newborn tissue structure. Masson staining was used to observe the proliferation of skin collagen fibers. Immuohistochemical staining was used to analyze fibroblast growth factor(FGF),epidermal growth factor(EGF),endothelial growth factor(CD31),proliferating cell nuclear antigen(Ki-67),and inflammatory cytokines(CD68)infiltration in the skin. Results The healing rate in the red light,blue light,and control groups was 50.0%(4/8),25.0%(2/8),and 12.5%(1/8),respectively. Since the 12day after modeling,the healing area percentage in the red light group was significantly higher than those in the blue light and control groups(P<0.05,P<0.01). On the 21day after modeling,the skin thickness of the red light group was(2.95±0.34)mm,which was significantly higher than that in control group [(2.52±0.42)mm;F=3.182,P=0.016)]. The average optical density of collagen fibers was 0.15±0.03 in red light group,which was significantly higher than that of the blue light group(0.09±0.01;F=7.316,P=0.012)and control(0.07±0.01;F=7.316,P=0.003). The results of immunohistochemistry showed the expression levels of EGF,FGF,CD31 antigen,and Ki-67 in the red light group were significantly higher than those in the blue light and control groups,whereas the CD68 expression was significantly lower(P<0.05 or P<0.01). Conclusion LED red light irradiation can promote the healing of skin wounds in Japanese big-ear white rabbits,which may be achieved by the effect of red light irradiation in stimulating the proliferation of skin epidermal cells,vascular endothelial cells,and fiberous tissue.

OBJECTIVE: To observe the CT three-dimensional imaging features of the frontal recess region with advanced three-dimensional reconstruction, and develop the real image of the important anatomical structures around the region to conduct surgery. METHOD: Thirty patients were undergone spiral CT by 16 line high speed spiral CT, and multiplanar reconstruction images using standard three-dimensional reconstruction protocol on a computer workstation. The structure of the frontal recess, the agger nasi cell and adhere style of the uncinate process were observed. The parameter of the important anatomic structure of frontal recess was measured precisely. RESULT: After the reconstruction, we get the three-dimensional model very close to the true state of the nasal cavity-sinuses cell, in which parts of the frontal recess can clearly identify the agger nasi cell, frontal cell and other important structures. In these patients, the height, width and depth of the agger nasi and frontal sinus were (9.45 ± 3.60)mm, (8.08 ± 3.37)mm, (26.98 ± 6.82)mm and (26.86 ± 9.45)mm, respectively. CONCLUSION This study tried to develop the standardized techniques and measurements from three-dimensional reconstructed images of the frontal sinus and to ascertain the usefulness of the frontal sinus in identification of patients. The project results in better preoperative patient counselling and in predicting postoperative improvement in clinical status.
Ethmoid Sinus ; diagnostic imaging ; Frontal Sinus ; diagnostic imaging ; Humans ; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ; methods ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional ; Nasal Cavity ; Paranasal Sinuses ; diagnostic imaging ; Tomography, Spiral Computed ; methods