Humans ; Tinnitus ; diagnosis ; therapy

Objective To evaluate expression of HDAC2 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMCs)from glucocorticoid-resistant versus glucocorticoid-sensitive patients with sudden sensorineural hearing loss and identi-ty the relationship between the level of HDAC2 and glucocorticoid insensitivity.Methods PBMCs were collected from10 patients with deviation of nasal septum (control group)and 20 sudden sensorineural hearing loss patients be-fore and after intratympanic methylprednisolone for 10 days.We divided the SSNHL patients into 2 groups (GC sensitive group and GC insensitive group)according to their hearing recovery.Real time PCR and HDAC2 Assay Kit were used to detect the expression level of HDAC2 mRNA and HDAC2 activity in PBMCs.The data were analyzed with SPSS 17.0 software.ResuIts Before intratympanic methylprednisolone,the level of HDAC2 activity were sig-nificantly depressed in SSNHL patients,while the HDAC2 mRNA expressing much higher than the control group. The expression level of HDAC2 mRNA increased significantly after intratympanic methylprednisolone.The HDAC2 activity in GC sensitive group increased significantly.ConcIusion Knockdown of HDAC2 expression induces corti-costeroid in-sensitivity.Glucocorticoids can increase the expression of HDAC2 mRNA.HDAC2 activity can be down-regulated by post-translational modifications.

Objective To establish an otitis media with effusion model in rat,and provide a pure physical approach of animal model for researching the otitis media with effusion.Methods Twenty-four clean grade male SD rats were selected.Only the right ears were used for the model group,the contralateral ears were used as the control group.The animal model of otitis media with effusion was established by blocking eustachian tube with cork stopper through the right side mandible,the hearing was evaluated by ABR and tympanogram configurations,the pathologic changes of middle ear and eustachian tube mucous membrane were examined by light microscopy.Results Twenty out of 24 ears of rats' of hearing threshold increased from 34.25?5.45 dB to 57.63?5.46 dB (P

Objective To observe the efficacy and toxicity of thermotherapy plus chemotherapy in treatment of retroperitoneal lymph node metastasis after radical gastrectomy and sequential radiochemotherapy. Methods Sixty patients with retroperitoneal lymph node metastasis after radical gastrectomy and sequential radiochemotherapy were randomly divided into of microwave hyperthermia combined with chemotherapy group (experimental group, 30 cases) and chemotherapy group (control group, 30 cases) by using random number table method. The control group: oxaliplatin 130 mg/m2, intravenous drip (2 h), d1; S-1: 80 mg·m-2·d-1, P.O 2 times/d (after breakfast and after dinner), d1-14. 3 weeks was 1 cycle, a total of 4 cycles. The experimental group: chemotherapy on the basis of control group combined with microwave hyperthermia, d1, 8. the efficacy and toxicity of two groups were evaluated. Results The efficacy rate of the experimental group was higher than that of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant [66.7 % (20/30) vs. 33.3 %(10/30), P< 0.05]. The improvement of Karnofsky score in the experimental group was better than that in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant [73.3%(22/30) vs. 23.3%(7/30), P<0.05]. The improvement of pain score in the experimental group was better than that in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant [75.0 % (15/20) vs. 17.6 % (3/17), P< 0.05]. There was no significant difference in gastrointestinal reactions of two groups [30.0%(9/30) vs. 26.7%(8/30), P>0.05]. There was no significant difference in bone marrow suppression of two groups [33.3%(10/30) vs. 30.0 % (9/30), P> 0.05]. Conclusion Microwave thermotherapy plus chemotherapy has a good efficacy for retroperitoneal lymph node metastasis after radical gastrectomy and sequential radiochemotherapy, and the patients can well tolerated, it is worthy of clinical promotion.

This article was aimed to study the acute toxicities on intragastric administration of differentRadix Aconiti Lateralis Praeparataprocessed products to Beagle dogs. A total of 16 healthy and qualified Beagle dogs were randomly divided into the blank group,Pao-Fu-Pian(PFP) group,Pao-Tian-Xiong(PTX) group andHei-Shun-Pian(HSP) group according to the body weight. The intragastric administration of 4 g crude herb per kg was given. Before medication, 1 h, 24 h, and 3, 7, 14 days after medication, the body weight, food consumption, rectal temperature, electrocardiogram, blood routine and blood biochemistry were measured. The results showed that after medication, all dogs in three experimental groups were depressed. And there were significant differences in the electrolytes of blood. Among them, the HSP group was the most obvious one. The red blood cells, blood sugar and triglycerides of dogs in the PFP group had significant difference. The lymphocytes and blood sugar had significant difference of dogs in the PTX group. However, after the medication of HSP, the lymphocytes of the dogs were decreased significantly. It was concluded that the toxicity of three processed products followed the order of HSP > PFP > PTX.

Objective To study the stability of NRT threshold and the correlation between NRT threshold and the value of behavior T ,C in order to instruct mapping in infant cochlear implant ,and to study whether the elic‐itation of NRT waveform can be applied to determine the effects of rehabilitation .Methods There were 159 cases with complete information in data in this study .150 out of the 159 cases coincided with the study requirements of the changes and correlation .We had collected the NRT thresholds of the electrodes of No .1 ,6 ,11 ,16 ,22 in switch-on ,one month after switched -on ,half a year and one year after switched -on .The analysis of variance method was adopted to compare the threshold changes of each electrode in different stages .We had collected the values of behavior T ,C in one year after switched -on .Pearson regression analysis was used to compare the correlation be‐tween NRT threshold in switch -on and this value of behavior T ,C .We applied MAIS assessment scale to make a questionnaire for all 159 patients during the follow -up at one year after switched -on .We had gathered the scores in three aspects ,the average score in questionnaire and the average hearing threshold of every child .All children were divided into four groups according to whether the elicitation of NRT waveform during - operation ,post-op‐eration .Results Regarding the NRT threshold ,there was no significant difference in the pairwise comparison of four time points(P>0 .05) .There was positive correlation between NRT threshold and behavior T ,C(P<0 .01) , but the correlation was wake .The group with no waveform on the during -operation and post -operation had sig‐nificant differences with the other groups in all scores and average hearing threshold (p<0 .01) .And there was no statistical significance among the other three groups (P> 0 .05) .Conclusion The NRT threshold remains steady from switched -on .A positive correlation exists between NRT threshold and the actual T ,C value .The NRT threshold can be used to estimate the T ,C value .But the accuracy of the measured value is less than the behavior method .We still need to use behavior method to measure as soon as possible .The NRT waveform appearance on the post-operation is more significant than that on the during -operation to prognosis of rehabilitation .

Objective The goal of the present study was to determine the effects of different location perfora-tions on the middle ear transfer functions by measuring the velocity and pattern of the tympanic membrane vibration in guinea pigs with intact and perforated TM .Methods A laser Doppler vibrometer was used to measure the sound transmission properties on the movement of the tympanic membrane on 6 fresh temporal bones of guinea pigs in the frequency range of 0 .5~8 kHz at 90 dB SPL .The velocity was measured at three points on the manubrium before and after a different location perforation was made with a 20-gauge needle(1 .1 mm diameter) .The locations of the perforations were in anterior -inferior quadrants of left ears and in posterior -inferior quadrants of right ears .And the velocity was measured from 6 poins with the intact tympanic membrane .Results The highest velocities were re-corded at the site of inferior umbo throughout the frequency range .The manubrium vibration velocity losses were noted in the perforated ears below 1 .5 kHz ,the velocity losses were smaller above 1 .5 kHz ,and the maximum ve-locity loss was about 7 dB at 500 Hz with the posterior -inferior quadrant perforation .Although there was a trend for anterior-inferior perforations to show a slighter loss than posterior -inferior perforations in velocity below 1 .5 kHz ,no statistical differences in velocity loss were found between different perforations .The average ratio of short process velocity to umbo velocity at all frequencies was approximately 0 .5 ,and the ratios were found no systematic differences before and after perforation at almost all frequencies from different perforations .Conclusion The manu-brium vibration velocity losses from TM perforation are frequency -dependent and the largest losses occur at the lowest sound frequencies .Different sites of small perforation have not any important effects on middle ear sound transmission .

Objective To observe the effect of telbivudine combined with adefuvir dipivoxil in the treatment of Hepatitis B patients with decompensated cirrhosis.Methods 56 Hepatitis B patients with decompensated cirrhosis were divided into two groups:treatment group (30 cases) and control group (26 cases).During 24 weeks,the control group received adefuvir dipivoxil( 10mg daily),supportive and symptomatic treatments,while the treatment group received telbivudine therapy(600mg daily) combiled with adefuvir dipivoxil ( 10mg daily) based on the regular treatments.After 24 weeks,the effect was observed and compared between the two groups.Results After treatment,the biochemical markers,Child-Pugh score of the treatment group was (33.2 ± 13.8) μmol/L,(44.5 ± 16.4) U/L,(36.1 ±1.5) g/L,(6.1 ± 1.8) points,respectively,and was better than those of the control group[ (71.8 ±18.6) μ mol/L,(89.9 ±44.9) U/L,(29.7 ± 1.3)g/L,(8.1 ±2.2) points] (t=15.32,15.20,23.37,6.09,all P＜0.05) ;HBV-DNA negative rate,HBeAg seroconversion rates of the treatment group was 93.3％ (28/30),43.3％(13/30),and was higher than that of the control group[76.9％ (20/26),7.6％ (2/26) ] (x2 =4.87,9.08,all P＜0.05).Conclusion Telbivudine combined with adefuvir dipivoxil was effective and safe for the treatment of Hepatitis B patients with decompensated cirrhosis.

OBJECTIVE: This article summarizes the matters warranting consideration in adult cochlear implants before and after operation with different deafness causes and investigates the impact of etiological variables that affect hearing and speech ability rehabilitation after cochlear implantation. METHOD: We retrospectively reviewed the preoperative data of 30 adults who have received cochlear implantation, switch on, and periodical post operative mapping. 'Nijmegen Cochlear Implant Questionnaire' was used for every patient during follow-up and test their hearing thresholds at one year after switched-on. The average score of every patient in the six aspects of questionnaire, along with the average hearing threshold, has been gathered. RESULT: The average hearing threshold of every patient is lower than 35 dBHL. The average score of 28 patients is more than or equal to 75 in the basic sound perception, advanced sound perception as well as self-esteem. The average score of 26 patients is more than or equal to 75 in capacity for action. Besides, as for sociability and speech ability, the average score of 22 patients is more than or equal to 75. CONCLUSION Auditory perception can be greatly improved regardless of deafness causes, on the premise that appropriate candidate is selected. The primary disease should be brought under control before and after the operation. The influence of various causes to the language ability rehabilitation largely depends on the development of the language center at deafness onset. Self-esteem and social identity can be significantly enhanced after cochlear implantation in adult patients, particularly those with acquired deafness.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Auditory Perception ; Cochlear Implantation ; psychology ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Self Concept ; Social Identification ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

Objective To investigate the efficacy of intratympanic methylprednisolone perfusion (IMP) for the treatment of sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL ) which failed to be fully responsive to conventional treatment .Methods The hearing outcomes of 87 patients with unilateral SSNHL were retrospectively analyzed .All of the patients received IMP after not fully responsive to conventional treatment of varying periods of time .They were hospitalized in our department between January 2008 and December 2012 and were followed up for at least one year to exclude recurrent hearing loss .Results The effective rate was 66 .67% and the mean PTA improvement was (18 .53 ± 13 .54)dB of the patients with the time interval between onset of symptoms and IMP within 15 days , 21 .21% and (5 .92 ± 15 .18)dB of the patients with the interval between 16 and 30 days ,4 .76% and (3 .69 ± 7 .00) dB of the patients with the interval more than 30 days respectively .The significant difference in the effective rates were compared among the three groups(χ2 =25 .91 ,P<0 .01) .Regarding to the PTA improvement ,the group with interval within 15 days was better than the other two groups(F=11 .182 ,P<0 .01) .A total of 30 cases acquired more than 15 dB hearing gain after IMP .One of them was hearing loss in low frequencies and the other 29 cases were hearing loss at all frequencies .The mean hearing gains of the 29 cases in 0 .25 kHz ,0 .5 kHz ,1 kHz ,2 kHz , 4 kHz and 8 kHz were 35 .17 ± 18 .15 dB ,35 .38 ± 15 .90 dB ,31 .28 ± 19 .74 dB ,21 .31 ± 17 .34 dB ,14 .97 ± 16 .00 dB and 13 .80 ± 16 .35 dB ,respectively .The mean hearing gains at lower three frequencies (0 .25~1 kHz)were better than those at higher three frequencies (2 k~8 kHz)(F=9 .494 ,P<0 .01) .Conclusion Receiving IMP earlier might help to acquire better hearing gain for the patients with SSNHL after not fully responsive to conventional treat‐ments .The hearing gains at the lower frequencies were better than those at the higher frequencies after IMP .