Objective To develop positive personality scale for the university students (PPTSUS).Methods According to the hypothesis lexicology,interviewing,literature study and questionnaire survey were used to develop the structure and items of the PPSUS.Using cluster random sampling method,total 1100 undergraduates were tested with PPTSUS.Exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis were used to evaluate the reliability and validity of the scale.Results Exploratory principal component analysis of the items identified that the scale had 11 factors.The reliability test,Cronbach'α coefficient,split-half and test-retest correlation coefficients were 0.931,0.900 and 0.835 respectively for the total scale.The correlations between the factors and total scores were all bigger than 0.499 (P＜ 0.01).And in the validate factor analysis,x 2/df was 1.91,RMSEA was 0.045,NNFI was 0.742,and CFI was 0.856.Conclusion The PPSUS has good construct validity,excellent levels of internal consistency and test-retest reliability.And it achieves the basic demand of psychometrics.

ObjectiveTo examine the characteristic of criminal parenting styles and personality.Methods 379 prisoners took part in by using EMBU and PDQ-4 +.Results ( 1 ) There exist significant difference of parenting styles as parental emotional warmth and understanding,rejection and deny,punishment and strictness among the different criminals type (F =5.70,3.45,3.61,4.66,4.13,2.79,P ＜ 0.01 ).(2) There exist significant difference of total PDQ-4 + scores and the subscales for different type of personality disorder except obsessive-compulsive and schizotypal personality disorder among different criminals type (F =7.67,4.06,14.02,6.94,4.20,4.19,4.01,7.52,7.21,7.21,9.11 ; P ＜ 0.01 or P ＜ 0.05 ). ( 3 ) There were negative correlations between the score in the subscales for different type of personality disorder except obsessive-compulsive personality disorder and the factor of parental emotional warmth and understanding ( r =- 0.12 ～ - 0.32 ; P ＜ 0.01 or P ＜ 0.05 ).And there were positive correlations between the score in the all subscales for different type of personality disorder and the factors of parental rejection and deny,punishment and strictness ( r=0.11 ～ 0.42 ; P＜ 0.01 or P＜ 0.05).(4)Paternal punishment and strictness,maternal emotional warmth and understanding,maternal partiality make a certain prediction about characteristic of criminal personality.ConclusionThere exist different characteristic of criminal parenting styles and personality among different criminal type,and some parenting styles make a certain prediction about characteristic of criminal personality characteristics.

Objective To observe the dynamic changes in collagen type Ⅰ and collagen type Ⅲ in rabbits with schistosomiasis japonica and the treatment effect of gamma interferon on the degradation of collagens in schistosomal hepatic fibrosis.Methods Each rabbit was infected with 80?1 S japonicum cercariae. Liver operations were done at different time points after infection and the liver specimens were embedded with paraffin and stained with ? SMA, HE and picric acid Sirius red. The stained slides were observed under polarizing microscope and different collagen areas calculated by computer imagine analysis system. At the 16th week after infection, the infected rabbits received a single dose of praziquantel and gamma interferon for 8 weeks.Results The area percent of collagen type Ⅰ at the 28th week after infection (40 14?17 00) increased about seven fold compared with the 8th week group (5 73?3 40). The area percent of collagen type Ⅲ at the 28th week after infection (6 80?5 19) increased about six fold compared with the 8th week group (1 15?1 34). The ? SMA positive cells also increased significantly. After gamma interferon treatment, the area percent of collagen type Ⅰ and type Ⅲ decreased significantly, from 18 51?7 52 and 4 63?3 64 (before treatment) to 3 09?1 54 and 0 40?0 37 (0 and 4 weeks after treatment) ( P

Based on the professional characteristics of obstetrics and gynecology department,teaching reform should take clinical manifestations of diseases as the main direction of clinical probationary teaching,stress the formation cultivation of medical students' clinical logic,add human-oriented thought into clinical teaching and stress medical ethics education,and construct a novel teaching mode in the clinical probationary practice in department of obstetrics and gynecology so as to improve clinical teaching of obstetrics and gynecology.

Objective To explore the quality of life(QOL) of stroke patients and the influence factors.Methods The QOL of stroke patients was measured with Shot Form 36 Health Survey Questionnaire(SF-36) and questionnaire survey before discharge and six months after discharge;the patients' state of life was analyzed with the ordinal Logistic regression method to find out influence factors.Results The QOL of the stroke patients decreased obviously with an average sphere score between 38.18～67.57.Sphere scores increased during the six months of post-discharge,but only those of physical functioning(PF),role limitations due to physical health(RP),bodily pain(BP),general health perceptions(GH) and vitality(VT) rose significantly.Some common factors that would affect physical and mental health of the patients included: marriage state,economic conditions,medical care assurance,health care,psychological obstacles,rehabilitation and viability.Besides,age,the features of pathological changes and the complication had significant effect on the physical health of the patients,while children and aphasia affected mental health.Conclusion Early and canonical rehabilitation physical care,language and psychological training and so on,as well as family caring and nursing all are contributive to improve the QOL of the stroke patients.

BACKGROUND: Overexpression of cancer suppressor gene ING1 may cause apoptosis of many kinds of cancer cells and results in cell cycle arrest in G1 stage. ING1 is involved in p53 signaling pathway and regulates the activity of p53 as a transcription-activating factor.OBJECTIVE: To explore the association of ING1 gene expression and mutation with the clinicpathological features of colorectal cancer.DESIGN: A controlled observation of the pathological samples.SETTING: Department of General Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University of Chinese PLA.PARTICIPANTS: Totally 52 fresh colorectal cancer samples were obtained from patients hospitalized in the Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University of Chinese PLA from October 1998 to October 1999. Normal mucosal tissues were also collected 10 cm from the margin of the tumor during the operation. The patients included 29 male and 23 female patients with an average age of 50.28 years.METHODS: ING1mRNA and protein expressions were detected in the 52 colorectal cancer tissue samples. The ING1 gene mutation was detected by analyzing single-stranded DNA polymorphism. The expression of p53 protein in the colorectal cancer tissue was detected immunohistochemically.tion-single-strand conformation polymorphism.was obviously decreased in comparison with that in the normal mucosa(0. 626 ±0. 382 vs 1. 166 ±0. 245, P ＜ 0. 001) . The expression of ING1 in the tumor tissue of patients with lymphatic metastasis was significantly lower than that in the tumor tissues from patients without lymphatic metastasis (0. 393 ±0. 243 vs 0. 960 ±0. 299, P ＜0.01). The expression of p53 protein was positively correlated with ING1 mRNA expression( P ＜ 0.01). Only one of the 52 samples was positive for ING1 gene mutation.CONCLUSION: ING1 gene may participate in the occurrence and progression of colorectal cancer and its decreased expression inhibits the action of tumor suppressor genes. The decrement in ING1 mRNA and protein expression without gene mutation indicates that ING1 participates in the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer in a manner quite different from that of the classic tumor suppressor genes.

Objective: To study the technological parameters of the enrichment purification process of Baohe Pills with macroporous resin. Methods: With the enriched degree of hesperidin of Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae of Baohe Pills as a marker, the optimum technological parameters of the enrichment process were studied. Results: The optimum process is that 5mL of the extract of BaoHe Pills (500mg/mL) was adsorbed for 30min with a column of macroporous resin (R15mm?H100mm) and the resin was washed with 100mL of distilled water, then the hesperidin was eluted from the macroporous resin with 100mL of 50% ethanol. Conclusion: The elutive rate of hesperidin was above 95% by means of the macroporous resin. So this process enriching the active components of Baohe Pills is feasible.

[ ABSTRACT] AIM:To investigate the effect of paricalcitol ( P) on renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis and the under-lying mechanisms in diabetic nephropathy ( DN) .METHODS:DN rat model was induced by a single intraperitoneal in-jection of streptozotocin after fasting.The animals were randomly divided into 2 groups: the DN rats in paricalcitol-inter-vened group ( group P) were injected intraperitoneally with paricalcitol dissolved in propylene glycol after the day when the model was induced successfully at a dose of 0.4μg/kg (3 times a week);the DN rats in DN group ( group D) were given isopyknic propylene glycol.Normal control group ( group C) was also set up.The samples of blood, urine and renal tissue were collected after intervention of paricalcitol for 12 weeks.The biochemical indexes were measured.The renal tissues were used for pathologic observation and determining the expression of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), Wnt-4,β-catenin and Klotho by immunohistochemistry and Western blotting.In addition, the correlation among the above indexes was analyzed.RESULTS:(1) Scr, BUN and 24 h urine protein increased significantly in group D compared with group C, while decreased in group P compared with group D ( P<0.05 ) .( 2 ) The area of renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis in-creased in group D compared with group C, while decreased in group P compared with group D (P<0.05).(3) The ex-pression of Klotho decreased, while the expression of TGF-β1, Wnt-4 and β-catenin increased in group D compared with group C (P<0.05).Compared with group D, the expression of Klotho increased, while the expression of TGF-β1, Wnt-4 andβ-catenin decreased in group P (P<0.05).(4) The expression of Klotho was negatively correlated with the fibrosis area, TGF-β1, Wnt-4 andβ-catenin (P<0.05).CONCLUSION:Paricalcitol inhibits renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis in DN by promoting the expression of renal Klotho, and inhibiting Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway activation and TGF-β1 synthesis.

With the deployment of electronic medical records systems, more and more routine clinical data are recorded electronically, which become a potential data source for new drug clinical trials. In this paper, we summarized the opportunities, challenges, obstacles and the latest development in this field.