10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2013.23.017

Animal models of endometriosis with traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) symptoms, not only provided a useful experimental method for TCM syndrome differentiation of endometriosis, also verified the pathogenesis of TCM of endometriosis, which offered the theoretical support for the clinic. This article discussed the establishment, result examination, existing limit, and solutions of animal models of endometriosis with TCM symptoms.

Objective To study the benchmark dose (BMD) of fluoride concentration in saliva,and to evaluate the significance of saliva fluoride on control and prevention of endemic fluorosis.Methods In September 2014,middle school students in endemic fluorosis areas and non-endemic fluorosis areas in North China Petoleum were selected as objects.The contents of fluoride in water,urine and saliva were determined.The correlation of fluoride content in water,urine fluoride and fluoride concentration in saliva was analyzed.According to the levels of the saliva fluoride concentration,the children were divided into 11 groups,＜ 1.00,1.00-,2.00-,3.00-,4.00-,5.00-,6.00-,7.00-,8.00-,9.00-and ≥ 10.00 mg/L.The prevalence of dental fluorosis and defected dental fluorosis were investigated and the saliva fluoride concentration was calculated by Banch-Mark Dose Software.Results Compared with non endemic areas,the fluoride contents in water,urine and saliva [(2.13 ± 0.13),(1.29 ±0.73),(4.01 ± 3.61) mg/L] were higher than that in endemic areas [(0.67 ± 0.13),(0.38 ± 0.08),(0.75 ± 0.12) mg/L,t =158.730,24.780,18.114,all P ＜ 0.01].The fluoride concentration in saliva was positively correlated with the fluoride content in water and urine in endemic areas (r =0.626,0.945,all P ＜ 0.01).The (BMDs and benchmark dose lower bound (BMDLs) were 0.91,0.54,3.72,3.32 mg/L respectively,calculated by Banch-Mark Dose Software.With the increase of fluoride concentration in saliva,the prevalence of dental fluorosis and defect dental fluorosis had increased too,especially when the fluoride content in saliva was more than 4 mg/L.There were significant doseresponse relationships between the urine fluoride and the prevalence of dental fluorosis and defected dental fluorosis.Conclusion The fluoride concentration in saliva could be used as one of the evaluation indexes of fluorosis,and the BMD of saliva fluoride concentration in endemic fluorosis areas is suggested as 0.91 mg/L.

Objective To explore the status of oxidative stress (OS) in the first-episode schizophrenia patients (FEP) and to examine the effects of antipsychotic drugs on oxidative stress of FEP. Methods The plasma total superox?ide dismutase (T-SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), catalase (CAT) and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) were measured in forty-seven FEP (case group) and forty-three healthy volunteers (control group) before and after treatment. Eighteen cases completed 6-week treatment with risperidone (risperidone group) and twenty-five cases completed 6-week treatment with olanzapine (olanzapine group). Results The activity of T-SOD and GSH-Px were lower (P<0.05) and CAT was higher (P<0.05 ) while there was no significant difference in T-AOC (P>0.05) in FEP compared to the control group. Risperidone and olanzapine significantly improved T-SOD and T-AOC, respectively (P<0.05). There was no significant difference between the two groups in the changes of oxidative stress indicators after treatment (P>0.05). Conclusion FEP has alterations of antioxidant enzymes, which may be related to the pathogenesis of schizo?phrenia. Antipsychotics risperidone and olanzapine may improve the oxidative stress in FEP.

Objective To investigate the maturation status of monocytes and their responses to the stimulation of toll like receptor (TLR) ligands during primary HIV-1 infection, and to further understand the correlation between functional status of monocytes and disease progression during primary HIV -1 infection. Methods Peripheral blood mononuclear cells ( PBMCs) were collected from 35 subjects with primary HIV-1 infection and 13 HIV-negative healthy subjects to isolate monocytes .Monocytes were stimulated with LPS and Pam3CSK4, respectively, and cultured for 20 hours.The expression of activaion/inhibitory markers on monocytes were analyzed by flow cytometry before and after stimulation .The secretion of proinflammatory cy-tokines ( IL-1β, TNF-αand IL-6) by stimulated monocytes were detected by ELISA .Results The expres-sion of activation markers CD80, CD86, CD40 and inhibitory marker PD-L1 on monocytes were increased in subjects with primary HIV-1 infection (P<0.001 except for CD86 P=0.01).The level of CD40 was posi-tively correlated with viral load in plasma (P<0.001, R=0.553).Compared with control group, primary HIV-1 infection group showed a less increase in the expression of HLA-DR, CD80, CD86 and PD-L1 on monocytes after stimulation with LPS and Pam3CSK4 (P<0.001), but the secretion of proinflammatory cyto-kines TNF-α(LPS:P=0.004, Pam3CSK4:P=0.012) and IL-6 (LPS:P=0.006) were enhanced in mono-cytes from patients with primary HIV-1 infection.Conclusion Monocytes were activated during primary HIV-1 infection.They secreted higher level of proinflammatory cytokines after stimulation with TLR ligands , indicating monocytes might play a role in microbial translocation and immune activation during HIV -1 infection .

Objectives The aim of the study was to establish a mouse model of endometriosis , and to observe the effects of endometriosis on the reproductive ability in the mice .Methods The mouse models of endometriosis was estab-lished by subcutaneous and intraperitoneal injection of heterogenous endometrium .The pregnancy rate and live embryo number in the experimental , sham operation and blank groups were observed and compared , and the effects of endometrio-sis on reproductive ability of the mice were evaluated .Results Two weeks after the establishment of the mouse model of endometriosis , there were lesions in the peritoneal cavity and subcutaneous tissue of the mice .Compared the pregnancy rates among the model group , sham operation group and blank group , the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05).Compared the live embryo number in the three groups , there were also significant differences (P<0.05).Con-clusions A mouse model of endometriosis is successfully established , and it demonstrates that endometriosis may affect the reproductive ability of mice .

Objective To discuss the short-term effect of Sextant system fixation for thoracolumbar fractures without neurological deficit in the field comprehensive operation rescue shelter.Methods There were 32 patients with thoracolumbar fractures without neurological deficit which rescued by our hospital.Those patients included 18 males and 14 females, with average age of (25.54±2.86) years old.All patients were undergoing internal fixation with Sextant system in the field comprehensive operation rescue shelter.Clinical and surgical evaluation including surgery time,intraoperative blood loss,postoperative ambulation time and wound healing time were observed.Functional outcomes of pre-operation and postoperation 3-days were evaluated by visual analog scale(VAS) and Oswestry disability index(ODI).Cobb angle and front height of fracture vertebral body were compared between pre-operation and postoperation 3-days.Results The operation time was (96.55±14.15)minutes, intraoperative blood loss was (45.25±3.55)mL, postoperative ambulation time was (1.20±0.61)days.There were statistical differences in terms of Cobb angle,front height of fracture vertebral body,VAS and ODI between pre-operation and postoperation 3 days.Conclusion The Sextant system fixation in the field comprehensive operation rescue shelter is a timely,safe and effective method for thoracolumbar fractures without neurological deficit,which is deserved to utilize at the scene when war or disaster urgency treatment.

Objectives To evaluate the effect of a Chinese traditional medicine , Huoxue Xiaoyi Fang , on the embryo development after in vitro fertilization ( IVF ) in mouse models of endometriosis .Methods To observe the quantity of oocytes including the average number of superovulation , fertility rate, 2-cell and 4-cell embryo cleavage rates at different stages in vitro fertilization, and morulation rate among the traditional Chinese medicine group (TCM group), endometriosis model group ( EM model group ) and sham-operated group .To explore the influence of endometriosis and the effect of Huoxue Xiaoyi Fang on the quantity of oocytes and embryonic development after IVF in the mouse models of endometriosis.Results All the average number of superovulation , fertility rate, 2-cell and 4-cell embryo cleavage rates in the three groups showed significant differences (P<0.05), and the average number of superovulation was in an order of sham operated group >TCM group>model group .There were no significant differences in the morulation rates in the three groups (P>0.05).There were significant differences among the IVF rates of the three groups (P<0.05), and to be in an order of sham operated group >TCM group>model group .There were significant differences in the final morulation rate among the three groups (P<0.05).Conclusions Endometriosis may influence the quality of embryonic development of EM model mice, including reduced average number of superovulation , fertility rate, and embryo cleavage rate .The Chinese traditional medicine Huoxue Xiaoyi Fang can improve the the quantity of embryonic development after IVF .

Objective To discuss the recent clinical efficacy of percataneous pedicle screw internal fixation for thoracolumbar fractures without neurological deficit in the new field comprehensive operation rescue shelter at the war or disaster treatment place.Methods Retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 29 patients with thoracolumbar fractures who were rescued by our hospital.Those patients included 18 males and 11 females,with the average age of (31.54±2.86) years old.All these patients underwent percutaneous pedicle screw internal fixation in the new field comprehensive operation rescue shelter.Clinical and surgical evaluation including surgery time,blood loses,exercise time after operation and complications.Functional outcomes of pre-operation and post-operation were evaluated by visual analog scale (VAS) and Oswestry disability index (ODI).Cobb's angle and fracture vertebral body front height were compared before and after operation as well.Results All these patients were all successfully completed operation in the field comprehensive operation rescue shelter,and the general post-operation condition was well.The operation time was (86.55±16.15)min,the blood loss was (42.35±6.55)mL,the exercise time after operation was (1.20±0.61) days.There was no complications after operation, and pain of thoracolumbar after operation was obviously alleviated.There was statistical differences in terms of Cobb's angle,fracture vertebral body front height,VAS score and ODI score between pre-operation and post-operation (P<0.05).Conclusion The percataneous pedicle screw internal fixation in the new field comprehensive operation rescue shelter is a quite effective method for thoracolumbar fractures without neurological deficit, and this method is worthy of promoting at the scene when war or disaster urgency treatment.

Objective To discuss the clinical value of intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) in treatinginternal carotid arteries occlusion.Methods The patient was diagnosed with internal carotid artery occlusionthat was confirmed by CTA.Cerebral perfusion imaging showed that low perfusion area was consistent withischemic symptoms.Guided by IVUS,percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) was performed.By usingmicro-catheter coaxial technology,the micro guide wire was inserted in the carotid artery until it passedthrough the obstructed segment;After IVUS examination proved that the micro guide wire was in the truelumen of carotid artery,angiography through micro-catheter was carried out to confirm that the distal arterywas unobstructed;after adjusting the device position the embolism protector was placed.The plaque andlumen condition were assessed with IVUS,which was reevaluated after pre-expansion of balloon.After normaldirection blood flow was regained,the plaque stability was assessed with IVUS virtual organization sequence.Simple balloon dilatation therapy was adopted as the fibrous cap of plaque was in stable condition and thelumen stenosis rate was ＜40％.Results After balloon dilatation,the obstructed artery was reopened and theblood flow regained normal direction.IVUS examination showed that during the whole operation process thefibrous cap of plaque at the narrowed segment remained in stable condition,the lumen stenosis rate was ＜40％.Cerebral perfusion imaging revealed that after the treatment the low perfusion state was markedlyimproved.Conclusion IVUS plays an important guiding role in performing PTA for internal carotid arteryocclusion.This technique can increase the success rate of vascular recanalization and reduce the incidence ofcomplications.