Objective To explore the effect of surface electromyographic biofeedback (SEMG-BFT) combined with electrical stimulation on the swallowing function of stroke survivors with dysphagia,and to evaluate the electromyographic activity of the submental muscles in swallowing various foods so as to provide a basis for future rehabilitation of such patients.Methods Sixty patients were randomly divided into a treatment group and a control group,each of 28.Both groups were given low-frequency electrical stimulation and conventional swallowing training.The treatment group was additionally provided with SEMG-BFT.Before the treatment as well as after 2 and 4 weeks of treatment,the swallowing function of both groups was evaluated using the Kubota drinking water test (KDWT) and a Gugging swallowing screen (GUSS).Surface electromyographs of the submental muscles were recorded during empty swallowing,swallowing 10 ml of dilute liquid and swallowing 10 ml of paste.Results After two and four weeks of treatment,the average KDWT and GUSS scores of both groups had improved significantly,but that of the treatment group was significantly higher than that of the control group at each time point.After 2 and 4 weeks of treatment,significant differences were found in swallowing duration and the average amplitude of the sEMGs compared with before the treatment in both groups.The difference between the groups was significant at each time point.Conclusions SEMG-BFT combined with electrical stimulation can significantly improve swallowing function.Paste food can be used safely in the early evaluation and treatment of swallowing dysfunction.

Objective: To investigate the anti-inflammatory, bacteriostatic, diuretic, antispasmodic and immunoenhancement effect of Niao Gan Ning(NGN). Methods: The tests of inhibiting the leukocyte infiltration, in-vitro bacteriostasis, water loading with metabolism cage, isometric tension recording and the phagocytosis of abdominal macrophages(AM) were conducted. Results: NGN could obviously inhibit the wandering of leukocyte in abdominal cavity and decreased the number of WBC in mice, and exert bacteriostatic effect to various degrees. NGN also increase the urine volume in water load rats, inhibited contraction of bladder and ureter smooth muscle induced by Carbacol and histamine in rabbits and rats, and increased phagocytosis of the chicken red cells by AM. Conclusion: NGN has a strong anti-inflammatory, bacteriostatic, diuretic and antispasmodic effect.