BACKGROUND: In alveolar cleft patients, the amount of bone stock after alveolar bone grafting is mostly measured and analyzed by two-dimensional imaging, which can result in a large error. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the 6-month osteogenesis of alveolar bone graft in alveolar cleft patients using cone beam CT. METHODS:Alveolar bone grafting was performed in 25 patients with unilateral complete alveolar cleft. The patients were folowed up for 6 months after surgery and the osteogenesis of the bone graft was evaluated by CBCT. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:After the surgery, the labial bone support was better than the palatal one. There were significant differences in the alveolar bone thickness of the cleft region and the normal region of the central incisor as wel as the alveolar bone thickness of the cleft region and the normal region of the canine tooth 0 mm distant to the alveolar crest. These findings indicate that the palatal bone support is less than the labial one, and the bone support of the central incisor is not satisfactory, which provide the basis for the tooth movement in the alveolar bone grafting and the orthodontics treatment.

A polyphenolic compound, 1,2,4,6-tetra-O-galloyl-β-D-glucose (1246TGG), was isolated from the traditional Chinese medicine Phyllanthus emblica L. (Euphorbiaceae) and assayed for its potential as an anti-hepatitis B virus (HBV) agent. The cytotoxicity of 1246TGG on HepG2.2.15 as well as HepG2 cells was determined by observing cytopathic effects, and the effects of 1246TGG on secretion of HBsAg and HBeAg in HepG2.2.15 cells were assayed by enzyme immunoassay. Results indicates that treatment with 1246TGG (6.25 μg/mL, 3.13 μg/mL), reduced both HBsAg and HBeAg levels in culture supernatant, yet the inhibitory effects tend to decline with the assay time. This study provides a basis for further investigation of the anti-HBV activity and possible mechanism of action of 1246TGG.

Objective To investigate the value of the adaptive statistical iterative reconstruction (ASIR) algorithm for reducing the radiation dose and optimizing the image quality in the low-dose spectral CT scanning in GSl (Gemstone spectral imaging) of the liver.Methods A total of 60 patients who underwent hepatic spectral CT scanning in GSI were enrolled in this study.The patients were randomly divided into two groups according to priority with 30 cases per group.Low-dose spectral CT scanning was used for group A, and images were reconstructed by ASIR 0 and 50％ , marked as A1 and A2.Group B was scanned with conventional dose of spectral CT, and images were reconstructed by Filtered back projection (FBP).Effective doses (E) for each group were calculated.Image quality was assessed by two radiologists, and the radiation doses were compared between groups A and B.Results All image quality of each group were good enough for clinical diagnosis.E for group A and B were (3.2 ±0.2) and (5.8 ± 0.2) mSv, respectively.There was statistical difference with image noise between group A and B(Z =-6.784,P ＜ 0.05).The image noise, SNR and CNR had statistical differences between group A and B (F =24.013, 15.646, 8.285, P ＜0.05).Compared with group A1, the image noise was lower, and the SNR and CNR were higher in groups A2 and B(P ＜ 0.05).There were no statistical differences of image noise, SNR and CNR between groups A2 and B (P ＞ 0.05).There were no statistical differences of the image quality score between groups A1, A2 and B (F =102.38,105.768, P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions ASIR combined with low-dose spectral CT scanning was helpful to reduce radiation dose and could obtain better image quality in hepatic CT examination.

RNA interference(RNAi)is a process by which introduced small interfering RNA(siRNA)can cause the specific degradation of mRNA with identical sequences. The human herpes simplex virus type 1(HSV-1)RR is composed of two distinct homodimeric subunits encoded by UL39 and UL40, respectively. In this study, we applied siRNAs targeting the UL39 and UL40 genes of HSV-1. We showed that synthetic siRNA silenced effectively and specifically UL39 and UL40 mRNA expression and inhibited HSV-1 replication. Our work offers new possibilities for RNAi as a genetic tool for inhibition of HSV-1 replication.

Objective:To explore the differences between the deep learning-based image reconstruction (DLIR) and the adaptive statistical iterative reconstruction V (ASiR-V) algorithms in the radiation dose and image quality of head and neck CT angiography (CTA).Methods:The data of 80 patients undergoing head and neck CTA due to vascular diseases in the head and neck were prospectively collected. These patients were randomly divided into groups A and B based on their examination sequence. The CTA images of group A were reconstructed based on ASiR-V 50%, with a tube voltage of 120 kV and a noise index of 11.0. In contrast, those of group B were reconstructed based on ASiR-V 50% (for group B1) and DLIR-H (for group B2), with a tube voltage of 80 kV and a noise index of 9.0. Then, the radiation doses and image quality of both groups were compared using the independent-sample t-test. The radiation doses, and both subjective and objective image quality of the two imaging method were compared through the Kruskal-Wallis test and the Wilcoxon rank-sum test. The independent- or paired-sample t-test was employed to measure inter-group vascular enhanced CT values, as well as signals and noise from regions of interest (ROIs), with signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) and contrast-to-noise ratios (CNRs) calculated. Results:The effective doses of groups A and B were (0.77±0.08) and (0.45±0.05) mSv, respectively, with a statistically significant difference ( t = 21.96, P < 0.001). The vascular enhanced CT values, SDs, SNRs, and CNRs in the arch of the aorta, the initial and bifurcation parts of the common carotid artery, and the M1 segment of the middle cerebral artery showed statistically significant differences among groups A, B1, and B2 ( F = 67.69, 68.50, 50.52, 74.10, 63.10, 91.22, 69.16, P < 0.001). Additionally, statistically significant differences were observed in the subjective scores of image quality among groups A, B1, and B2 ( Z = 71.06, P < 0.05). Conclusions:The DLIR algorithm can further reduce the radiation dose in head and neck CTA examination while significantly reducing image noise and ensuring image quality, thus demonstrating high clinical application value.

Objective:To investigate the expression of INHBA in colorectal cancer and its relationship with microsatellite status and clinicopathological features.Methods:Bioinformatics analysis was conducted based on Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database and Gene Expression Profiling Interaction Analysis (GEPIA) database, and the differentially expressed prognosis-related target genes in colorectal cancer were selected. Wax mass tissues of 107 patients with colorectal cancer who underwent surgery from January 2016 to June 2022 in the Third Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University were collected, and the tissue microarrays were prepared. The clinicopathological microsatellite status [positive expressions of the mismatch repair (MMR) proteins MLH1, MSH2, MSH6, and PMS2 were mismatch repair proficient (pMMR), which represented low microsatellite instability or microsatellite stabilization; if any of these indexes was negative, it was judged to be mismatch repair deficient (dMMR), which represented high microsatellite instability] and INHBA expression in colorectal cancer tissues were detected by immunohistochemistry, data of the patients were retrospectively analyzed. The relationship between INHBA and microsatellite status as well as clinicopathological features was analyzed.Results:Three data sets of colorectal cancer were selected from GEO database: GSE110223 (13 cancer tissues, 13 paracancerous tissues), GSE110224 (17 cancer tissues, 17 paracancerous tissues), GSE113513 (14 cancer tissues, 14 paracancerous tissues), and the top 50 genes that were differentially up-regulated and down-regulated between cancer tissues and paracancerous tissues were screened. Intersection genes of 3 data sets were analyzed by Venn diagram, and 12 up-regulated genes and 17 down-regulated genes were screened out. According to GEPIA database, AQP8, ZG16 and INHBA genes among the up-regulated and down-regulated differential genes were associated with the prognosis of colorectal cancer. INHBA was higher expressed in colorectal cancer tissues than in paracancerous tissues (≥5 cm from the tumor margin) ( P < 0.05), and INHBA gene was selected for analysis. Immunohistochemical detection of collected colorectal cancer wax samples showed that the proportion of patients with high INHBA expression in colorectal cancer tissues was higher than that in paracancerous tissues [85.05% (91/107) vs. 67.29% (72/107), P < 0.05]. The high expression of INHBA in cancer tissues was related to the lesion site [right colon vs. left colon: 94.00% (47/50) vs. 77.19% (44/57)], maximum tumor diameter [>5 cm vs. ≤5 cm: 92.73% (51/55) vs. 76.92% (40/52)] and the depth of invasion [stage T 3-4 vs. stage T 1-2: 96.43% (54/56) vs. 72.55% (37/51)], differentiation degree [low and medium differentiation vs. high differentiation: 91.04% (61/67) vs. 75.00% (30/40)], lymph node metastasis [yes vs. no: 93.02% (40/43) vs. 78.13% (50/64)] (all P < 0.05), but had no correlation with age, sex, thrombus and nerve invasion (all P > 0.05). The proportion of patients with high expression of INHBA in colorectal cancer tissues in pMMR group was higher than that in dMMR group [93.22% (55/59) vs. 75.00% (36/48), χ2 = 6.91, P = 0.008]. Conclusions:INHBA is highly expressed in colorectal cancer tissues, and the highly expressed INHBA is closely related to clinicopathological features and microsatellite status of colorectal cancer. INBHA may be a new target for diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of colorectal cancer.

ObjectiveTo investigate the inhibitory effect of hederasaponin B on gastric cancer HGC-27 cell and the mechanism. MethodMethyl thiazolyl tetrazolium （MTT） assay， hematoxylin-eosin （HE） staining， 4'，6-diamidino-2-phenylindote （DAPI） staining， colony formation assay， scratch assay， and flow cytometry were employed for the analysis of apoptosis and cell cycle. Thereby， the inhibitory effect of hederasaponin B on gastric cancer HGC-27 cell was investigated. Then the Pharm Mapper， UniProt， Swissdock， STRING， and Metascape were used for target screening， gene annotation， molecular docking， protein-protein interaction （PPI） network construction， Gene Ontology （GO） term and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes （KEGG） pathway analysis to explore the mechanism. ResultHederasaponin B （15， 30， 60， 120 μmol·L^-1） can significantly reduce the survival rate of HGC-27 cell （P<0.01） in a time-dependent and dose-dependent manner compared with the blank group. It had no significant toxicity to normal GES-1 cell at concentration below 120 μmol·L^-1. Compared with the blank group， hederasaponin B （30， 60， 120 μmol·L^-1） induced cytoplasmic vacuolization， and nuclear deformation and karyopyknosis， inhibited the migration of HGC-27 cell （P<0.01）， and brought about the apoptosis （P<0.05， P<0.01） and cell cycle arrest of HGC-27 cell （P<0.05， P<0.01）. Hederasaponin B （10， 20， 30 μmol·L^-1） also suppressed the independent survival ability and proliferation ability of HGC-27 cell （P<0.01）. The possible action targets were kinesin-like protein KIF11， cGMP-specific 3，5 cyclic phosphodiesterase， caspase-3， serine/threonine protein kinase Chk1， proto-oncogene tyrosine protein kinase， epidermal growth factor receptor， and mitogen-activated protein kinase （MAPK） 8. The mechanism may be related to MAPK signaling pathway （pathways in cancer）， adhesion connection， focal adhesion and proteoglycans in cancer （epithelial cell signaling pathways in Helicobacter pylori infection）. ConclusionHederasaponin B exerts significant inhibitory effect on gastric cancer HGC-27 cell through multiple targets and multiple pathways.