Purpose:To assess the therapeutic value of perc utaneous portal vein chemoembolization (PVE) for primary hepatic carcinoma (PHC) with portal vein tumor thrombus. Methods:45 unresectable PHC with portal vein tumor thrombus cas es were randomly divided into two groups. The observation group was treated with transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE)+PVE, while the control group wa s treated with TACE only. The changes of AFP, response rates of portal vein tumo r thrombus and survival rates of one year were analyzed respectively. Results:The levels of AFP before and after treatment were(730 ?190)?g/L and (515+?395)?g/L in the observation group,(752?183)?g/L a nd (710?213)?g/L in the control group respectively. The difference between t he two groups was significant (P