Objective To investigate and analyze the surgical site infection rate,clinical characteristics,risk factors and pathogens in patients after type Ⅰ incision orthopedic foot and ankle surgery,which may provide a basis for preventing surgical site infection in foot and ankle surgery.Methods Patients undergoing type Ⅰ incision orthopedic foot and ankle surgery from Jun.2011 to Jun.2015 were investigated retrospectively.Clinical data of cases with surgical site infection were collected and analyzed.Incidence of surgical site infection,clinical features,risk factors and pathogen distribution were studied.Results Seven hundred and sixty-one patients were undergoing type Ⅰ incision orthopedic foot and ankle surgery,surgical site infection occurred in 42 patients with an infection rate of 5.5％.In terms of age,gender,anesthesia,smoking,drinking,rheumatoid arthritis,gout,number of incisions and recovery after open injuries,no significant difference of surgical site infection rate were found.Diabetes mellitus complicated with peripheral neuropathy increased the risk of surgical site infection compared with nondiabetic patients.Patients who had an operative time more than 3 hours had a greater risk of surgical site infection compared with those less than 1 hours.The presence of intra-operative implants increases the risk of surgical site infection compared with patients with external fixations or without implants.Conclusions Surgical site infection is a common complication for the patients after type Ⅰ incision orthopedic foot and ankle surgery.Diabetes mellitus complicated with peripheral neuropathy,long operation time and intra-operative implants may be the high risk factors for surgical site infection.

Objective To discuss causation and clinical treatment of complication in anterior decompression and fixation technique (ADFT) for thoracolumbar fractures with associated paraplegia. Methods A total of 204 cases that had thoracolumbar fractures with paraplegia were operated with ADFT from 1998 to 2004. Of all, 51 times (34 cases) of complication took place. Change of Cob angle was measured according to X-film of thoracolumbar spine before and after operation. Meanwhile, sensation and motion of patients was evaluated. Results There was incision infection leading to septic cerebo-meningtis in one case, CSF leakage in seven, pneumothorax in eight, rib nerve-root injure in five, lumbar nerve-root injure in two, genitofemoral nerve injure in three, lateral femoral cutaneous nerve injure in two, kyphosis in three, deep venous thrombosis in three and eight times of skin-temperature change. X-film that was taken after operation for all patients showed scolisis in five cases. A follow up for 3-6 years (average 2.5 years) was performed in 84 cases, of which seven cases had chronic low-back pain, six scolisis and five kyphosis. No patient showed complications such as screw breakage, plate breakage, fixation device loosening and pseudo-articulation in thoracolumbar spine. Conclusions Many complications can be avoided if we master well anterior decompression and fixation technique of thoracolumbar fracture, reduce surgical trauma and give appropriate and rational guide for rehabilitation.

The implant-supported prosthesis has gradually become the preferred treatment for patients with partial edentulous or complete edentulous. Causes for the implant failure have been discussed in the majority of studies conducted in recent years, while their risk factors are still controversial. Patient factors (gender, age, smoking, osteoporosis, diabetes, medication, periodontitis and bruxism), clinical parameters (implant area, bone quality, implant size) and doctor factors (surgical-related factors, prosthesis-related factors) will all affect implant failure. This article presents typical clinical cases and reviews the potential risk factors for dental implant failure, in order to provide guidance for clinical practice.

AIM: To study the possibility that yellow wine improves the pathological changes of atherosclerosis in vivo. METHODS: Six weeks old LDL receptor knockout mice (n=48) on a high-fat and L-methionine diet developed plasma hyperhomocysteinemia and atherosclerosis. The animals were randomly divided into yellow wine group, red wine group, ethanol group and control group (n=12 in each group) and were sacrificed after 14 weeks. The levels of plasma lipids and homocysteine in serum were examined. The morphological changes of aorta artery and the atherosclerosis of aorta sinus were observed under microscope. The expression and activation of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) were determined by the method of immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: No significant difference of plasma total cholesterol, triglyceride or high density lipoprotein cholesterol among groups was observed. Plasma homocysteine was significantly decreased in yellow wine group as compared to other three groups (P<0.01). Compared to ethanol and control groups, use of yellow wine and red wine significantly reduced the atherosclerosis lesion area (P<0.01). However, no significant discrepancy between the yellow wine group and red wine group was found. Compared to control group, the expression of MMP-2 in yellow wine group, red wine group and ethanol group decreased by 26.3%, 27.6% (P<0.01) and 5.7% (P>0.05), respectively. The activity of MMP-2 in yellow wine group, red wine group and ethanol group decreased by 31.7%, 32.5% (P<0.01) and 6.7% (P>0.05), respectively. CONCLUSION: Yellow wine and red wine inhibit the expression of MMP-2 and improve the pathologic changes of atherosclerosis, indicating that they have benefic effects on cardiovascular system.

Objective To detect the impact of reactive oxygen species ( ROS) on mitochondrial morphology and distri-bution during mitosis.Methods A viral vector in which the fluorescence gene was specifically under the control of mito-chondrial promoter was constructed and confirmed through DNA sequencing and Western blotting.After transfecting HeLa s3 cell with packaged virus, the HeLa s3-COX4tp-EGFP cell line stably expressing the mitochondrial fluorescence signal was obtained.With immunofluorescent staining, the impact of ROS on the morphology and distribution of mitochondria dur-ing mitosis was inspected.Result The cell line constantly expressing mitochondrial fluorescence signals was successfully constructed.Meanwhile,it was found that H2 O2 treatment could significantly change the morphology and distribution of mi-tochondria during mitosis by confocal microscopy.Conclusion Our study demonstrates that ROS can affect the morphology and distribution of mitochondria during mitosis.This research help study the relationship between the mitochondrial function and the regulation of mitosis in the future.

Objective To study the clinical effect of Longniu Bubi Granule on prevention and treatment of bone loss caused by premenopausal ovarian function suppression (OFS) combined with breast cancer aromatase inhibitor (AIs).Methods Forty patients with postmenopausal and high risk of breast cancer treated with OFS combined with aromatase inhibitors were divided into treatment group (n=23) and control group (n=17).The two groups were treated with calcium VitD3125IU,1 tablet per day.The treatment group received the additional of Longniu Bugu Decoction,2 doses daily,with continuous medication for 6 months.The bone mineral density (BMD) level,bone mineral density (T) and serum bone alkaline phosphatase (BALP) were measured before and 6 months after treatment.Results There were significant differences in lumbar (L2-4) and femoral neck bone mineral density,bone mineral density (T) and serum bone alkaline phosphatase (P＜0.05) between the two groups after treatment,and the treatment group was superior to the control group.Conclusion Longniu Bugu Decoction can reduce bone loss in patients with premenopausal breast cancer caused by OFS combined with AIs therapy and improve patients' life quality.

BACKGROUND:At present, biological agent-involved immunologic induction therapy gradual y became a key component in immunosuppression therapy of kidney transplantation. It can effectively prevent acute rejection and avoid the appearance of complications. OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the effect of different biological agents on immune state and functional status of transplanted kidney in immunologic induction therapy. METHODS:Clinical data of 110 recipients with kidney transplantation were retrospectively analyzed. In accordance with the conditions of immunologic induction therapy, recipients in the monoclonal antibody group (n=35) received basiliximab. Recipients in the polyclonal antibody group (n=43) underwent rabbit anti-human antithymocyteglobulin. Recipients in the control group (n=32) did not receive immunologic induction therapy. Absolute value of lymphocytes and the number of CD4+T lymphocyte subsets in peripheral blood were comparatively analyzed among three groups at 1, 4 and 12 weeks after kidney transplantation. Functional status of the transplanted kidney and complications of infection were evaluated at 12 weeks after transplantation.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The incidence of acute rejection was lower in the monoclonal antibody group and polyclonal antibody group than in the control group (P<0.05). The incidence of infectious complications was higher in the polyclonal antibody group than in the monoclonal antibody group and control group (P<0.05). The absolute value of lymphocytes was lower in the monoclonal antibody group and polyclonal antibody group at 1, 4 and 12 weeks after transplantation than in the control group (P<0.05). The number of CD4+T lymphocyte subsets in peripheral blood was lower in the polyclonal antibody group than in the monoclonal antibody group and control group at 1, 4 and 12 weeks after transplantation (P<0.05). These results suggested that biological agents participate in immunologic induction therapy of kidney transplantation, can effectively suppress the functional status of activated T lymphocytes, and decrease the occurrence of early acute rejection of the transplanted kidney. However, the incidence of infectious complications was higher after the use of rabbit anti-human antithymocyteglobulin.

Objective To investigate the effect of continuous 4C nursing model on coronary heart disease rehabilitation and provide basis for nursing intervention.Methods From January to June 2015, 90 patients with coronary heart disease hospitalized in Shaoxing People's Hospital were selected as the research object by convenient sampling method. Patients were divided into two groups according to the sequence of hospital admission, with the single number as the control group and the even number as the observation group, each group had 45 patients. Patients in the control group received conventional care model. Patients in the observation received continuous 4C intervention model. The quality of life of two groups of patients and readmission rates were compared.Results All dimensions of quality of life in observation group were higher than those of control group 6 months after discharge, the differences were statistically significant (t=4.159, 3.373, 2.150, 2.162, 3.597, 2.042, 3.913, 2.144;P<0.05). There was no significant difference in readmission rates between the two groups (χ2=0.714,P=0.398).Conclusions The continuous 4C nursing model can improve the quality of life of patients with coronary heart disease, which is worth popularizing and applying.

As the largest organ in mammals, skin is the first protective barrier against external stimuli. Sweat glands are one of the important cutaneous appendages and play an important role in maintaining electrolyte balance and regulating body temperature. Patients with extensive deep burns usually suffer from damage to deep dermis or the entire skin layer. The damaged sweat glands are difficult to repair and even unable to regenerate, which seriously affects patients' sweating and thermo-regulation function, reduces patients' quality of lives. How to achieve the functionalization of sweat glands has become one of the important researches in regenerative medicine of damaged skin. This review summarizes the translational and application technology of sweat gland regeneration and repair using stem cells and tissue engineering, in order to provide a theoretical basis for the research of sweat gland regeneration.

Objective To report the therapeutic effects of transfer of flexor hallucis longus tendon on the treatment of obsolete Achilles tendon rupture with a defect greater than 5 cm.Methods The clinical data were retrospectively analyzed of the 39 patients with obsolete Achilles tendon rupture who had been treated at Department of Bone and Joint Surgery,Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University from September 2010 to January 2017.They were 33 males and 6 females,aged from 15 to 46 years(average,31.6 years).All the defects of Achilles tendon were greater than 5 cm.The duration between injury and operation ranged from 5 to 32 weeks(mean,16 weeks).All the 39 patients underwent transfer of flexor hallucis longus tendon to reconstruct their Achilles tendons.The tendons were harvested using double incisions in 23 patients and using a single incision in 16.The functional recovery of the ankle was evaluated according to ankle-hindfood score of American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society(AOFAS),Achilles tendon total rupture score(ATRS),visual analogue scale(VAS),dorsal extension and plantar flexion of the ankle and patient's satisfaction as well.Results Healing by the first intention was achieved in 38 cases.Delayed healing occurred in one patient due to wound infection.One patient had postoperative numbness in the medial plantar region which disappeared 3 months later with no special treatment.All the 39 patients were followed up for 24 to 91 months(mean,32 months).None of the tendons was re-ruptured during the follow-up.The AOFAS scores at postoperative 3 months,one year and last follow-up were significantly higher than the preoperative one(P<0.05);the postoperative VAS scores were significantly lower than the preoperative one(P<0.05);the postoperative ranges of dorsal extension and plantar flexion of the ankle were all significantly larger than the preoperative ranges(P<0.05).At the last follow-up,31 patients expressed great satisfaction,7 satisfaction,and one neutral attitude.Conclusion Reconstruction of the Achilles tendon with transfer of flexor hallucis longus tendon is an effective surgical option for obsolete rupture of Achilles tendon with a defect greater than 5 cm.