Background The clinical efficacy and safety of mouse nerve growth factor(NGF) for injection have been evaluated by Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ stage of clinical trials.But as a clinical drug,its adverse effects for special population should been further studied.Objective This clinical trial was to observe and assess the safety and tolerability of mouse NGF for injection during the application in juvenile and elder patients with optic nerve damage.Methods A multicenter non-randomized controlled trial for the safety evaluation of mouse NGF injection solution was performed in 100 eye centers in China.This study protocol was approved by the Ethic Committee of each drug research center,and written informed consent was obtained from the subject,legal mandatary and guardian prior to this study.Total 2046 patients who met the included criteria of optical nerve damage were enrolled.The patients were divided into the juvenile group(90 cases,＜ 18 years),youth-middle-age group (1868 cases,1 8-75 years) and older group(88 cases,＞75 years).Mouse NGF(30 μg)was intranuscularly injected once per day for 21 days in all the patients.Systolic and diastolic blood pressure,heart rate,intraocular pressure (lOP),laboratory examinations of blood and urine,blood biochemical indexes were recorded before and after injection.All adverse events were evaluated after administration of drug.Results There were 189 (189/2046,9.23％)dropped out cases,including 184 lost cases after 3 weeks of treatment and 5 withdrew cases from adverse responses of drug,with a shedding rate ＜10％ in each group.Total 1857 individuals finished this trial.No significant differences were found in the IOP,heart rate and blood pressure between before and after admninistration of grug in the juvenile group,youth-middle-age group and older group (P＞0.05).The incidence rate of the adverse response in the juvenile group,youth-middle-age group and older group was 57.78％,68.18％,60.01％ respectively,and the primary local adverse events were pain(48.89％),redness and swelling(59.09％),duration(54.49％),without significant difference in the rate of local adverse events among the three groups(X2 =2.302,P =0.324).The abnormal rates of laboratory results of blood and urine were not significantly different among the three groups(all at P＞0.05).The percentage of impaired fasting glucose was 7.46％,23.73％and 7.79％ in the juvenile group,youth-middle-age group and older group,respectively,and the percentage in the older group was higher than that in the juvenile group and the youth-middle-age group (x2 =8.685,P =0.005 ;x2 =27.720,P =0.000).Conclusions Injection of mouse NGF is well tolerated in juvenile and elder patients over the age of 75 years.

Objective To investigate the role of Catbindin-D28k in the kidney on calcium metabolism.Methods VDR/CaBP-D28k double knockout(KO)mice was made.Body weight,diet intake and serum,urinary parameters and length,density of the long bones,histological staining of the tibia of WT,CaBP-D28(-/-),VDR(-/-)and VDR(-/-)/CaBP-D28k(-/-)mice were determined on regular and high Ca-Lac diet.Results On a regular diet,the double KO mice were growth-retarded more and smaller than VDR KO mice.Compared with VDR KO mice,the double KO mice had higher urinary calcium excretion and rachitic skeletal phenotype,which were manifested with higher serum parathyroid hormone levels,lower bone mineral density,and more distorted growth plate with mole osteoid formation in the trabecular region.On high calcium and high lactose diet,blood-ionized calcium levels were normal in both VDR KO and the double KO mice.However,in contrast to VDR KO mice,the skeletal abnormalities were not completely corrected in the double KO mice.Conclusion These results directly demonstrate that CaBP-D28k plays a critical role in maintaining calcium homeostasis and skeletal mineralization and suggest that its caleemic role can be mostly compensated by CaBP-D9k.

OBJECTIVE: To study the efficacy of treatment with microsurgery in combination with local injection of type A botulinum toxin for vocal process granuloma. METHOD: 28 patients with vocal process granuloma received endotracheal intubation under general anesthesia. The lesion was removed with micro-scissor and CO2 laster under a self-retaining laryngoscope and microscope. The incision and mucous membrane surrounding the wound was closed with 8-0 absorbable suture. 4-point injection of botulinum toxin type A 8-15 u was then performed along the thyroarytenoid muscle and arytenoid muscle of the same side. Postoperative medication was administered based on disease causes. RESULT: All patients experienced vocal cord dyskinesia of the injected side 2-3 days after surgery. At 1 month after the surgery, wound healing was good in all the 28 patients, and the vocal cord movement was limited at the injected side. At 3 months, movement of the bilateral vocal cords was normal, and the vocal cord process mucosa was smooth. Patients were followed up for more than a year, and only one patient had recurrence in 2 months after surgery. The cure rate was 96. 4%. CONCLUSION Combination of laryngeal microsurgery and type A botulinum toxin local injection can shorten the treatment course of vocal process granuloma.
Anesthesia, General ; Botulinum Toxins ; administration & dosage ; Granuloma ; drug therapy ; surgery ; Humans ; Injections ; Intubation, Intratracheal ; Laryngeal Mucosa ; Laryngeal Muscles ; Laryngeal Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; surgery ; Laryngoscopes ; Larynx ; Microsurgery ; Postoperative Period ; Recurrence ; Vocal Cords ; Wound Healing

A random sample survey was conducted in 17 community medical institutes in 4 districts in Beijing.Among an effective sample of 385 residents.47.5％ (n =183)of community residents chose community medical institutes for first contact care while 52.5％ (n =202) opted for class other hospitals.Residents with lower education levels tended to choose community medical institutes (P =0.01).And those with chronic diseases preferred to choose communities (P=0.00).

ObjectiveTo explore the role of parameters of organ function during heat stroke (HS) on the prognosis, and to form the treatment strategy through an analysis of parameters of organ function during HS. Methods A retrospective study was conducted. Thirty-seven patients with HS (HS group) and 54 patients with mild-to-moderate stroke (stroke group) admitted to Zhejiang Xiaoshan Hospital from 2011 to 2014 were enrolled. The experimental results of organs function indicators for patients were recorded including:① cardiac markers:troponin I (TnI);② myocardium zymogram: creatine kinase (CK), MB isoenzyme of creatine kinase (CK-MB), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST);③ renal function indexes: blood urea nitrogen (BUN), uric acid (UA), and serum creatinine (SCr);④ electrolyte: serum K+, Na+, and Cl-;⑤coagulation function: prothrombin time (PT), international normalized ratio (INR), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), thrombin time (TT), fibrinogen (FIB), and D-dimer;⑥ blood gas analysis: pH value, arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2), base excess (BE), standard bicarbonate (SB), and actual bicarbonate (AB);⑦ routine blood test: blood platelet count (PLT);⑧ hepatic function: alanine aminotransferase (ALT). Abnormal rates of laboratory parameters of 37 HS patients were statistically analyzed. Various laboratory parameters of organs function as well as the initial value and extreme value (maximum or minimum value) during treatment of CK and PLT in HS patients were compared between two groups.Results The abnormal rates of 37 HS patients were more than 70%, including incipient value of TnI, CK, LDH, AST, serum Na+, ALT, D-dimer, PaCO2, AB, maximum value of CK, and minimum value of PLT, the abnormal rates being 73.0%, 70.3%, 81.1%, 78.4%, 78.4%, 70.3%, 70.3%, 70.3%, 75.7%, 81.1%, 75.7%, respectively. The abnormal rates of other parameters were less than 70%. There were significant differences in incipient value of TnI, CK, LDH, AST, serum K+, serum Na+, D-dimer, and PLT between HS group and mild-to-moderate stroke group [TnI (μg/L): 0.087 (0.026, 0.306) vs. 0.007 (0.004, 0.110),Z = -7.017,P = 0.000;CK (U/L): 392.30 (287.60, 524.10) vs. 137.10 (106.33, 607.80),Z = -7.930,P = 0.000; LDH (U/L): 317.98±122.74 vs. 207.85±57.71, t = 1.678,P = 0.000; AST (U/L): 94.90 (52.80, 155.80) vs. 26.10 (18.13, 317.40),Z = -6.157, P = 0.000; serum K+ (mmol/L): 3.46±0.65 vs. 3.86±0.57,t = 1.662,P = 0.001; serum Na+ (mmol/L): 129.75±7.34 vs. 138.79±4.26,t = 1.674,P = 0.000; D-dimer (mg/L): 2.53 (0.63, 6.00) vs. 0.30 (0.21, 9.71),Z = -5.084, P = 0.000; PLT (×109/L): 144.62±86.14 vs. 219.48±64.76,t = 1.669,P = 0.000]. There were also statistically significant differences in the initial value and extreme value of CK and PLT between HS group and mild-to-moderate stroke group [CK (U/L): 392.30 (287.60, 524.10) vs. 721.50 (546.30, 964.10),Z = -6.351,P = 0.000; PLT (×109/L):132.40±82.55 vs. 68.24±44.62,t = 1.688,P = 0.000].Conclusions HS can impair several organs and systems, having complications, and it is a heavy insult for body. Increasing of CK and decreasing of PLT has some value to assess illness changes. It is helpful of laboratory results for doctors to estimate complications on time.

Objective To analyze the effect of different areas of paries medialis defect of femoral trochanter on the stability of fracture ends after percutaneous compression plating for femoral intertrochanteric fracture.Methods Thirteen preserved cadaveric specimens of adult femur were used in this experiment.The age of death ranged from 30 to 50 years.Oblique osteotomy was conducted under the same condition using a wire saw to create experimental models of fracture of Evans-Jensen type Ⅳ.The ratios of the area of paries medialis defect to the projected area of lesser trochanter in the specimens 1 to 13 were set respectively as 0,10.0％,14.5％,20.2％,23.4％,30.6％,45.8％,56.8％,76.8％,88.7％,99.8％,121.3％ and 149.4％.All the fractures were fixated by standard percutaneous compression plating.Cyclic load was applied on each specimen using Instron 2000 universal material tester.A vertical load of 600 N was applied for respectively 1,10,100 and 1,000 times to measure the displacements of proximal and distal fracture ends.Results When the ratio of the area of paries medialis defect to the projected area of lesser trochanter was 30.6％,the average displacements of the proximal and distal ends were 0.14 cm and 0.10 cm.When the ratio was 45.8％,the average displacement of the proximal end was 0.53 cm,278.6％ greater than that for 30.6％;the average displacement of the distal end was 0.41 cm,310.0％ greater than that for 30.6％.When the ratio was 149.4％,the average displacement of the proximal end was 0.93 cm,564.3％ greater than that for 30.6％;the average displacement of the distal end was 0.65 cm,550.0％ greater than that for 30.6％.Conclusions When the ratio of the area of paries medialis defect to the projected area of lesser trochanter reaches ＞ 45.8％,the area of paries medialis defect will have a significant effect on the stability of fracture ends after percutaneous compression plating for femoral intertrochanteric fracture.The displacement will increase linearly under the same compression with the increase in defect area.

AIM: To discuss the clinical efficacy of fresh amniotic membrane ( AM ) during the microscopic adjustable suture surgery in children's intercommunity strabismus, in order to guide clinical treatment.
METHODS: With the clinical randomized control study (RCT), 60 (112 eyes) cases of patients in childhood who received microscopic strabismus surgery in our hospital were divided them into two different groups from Jan. 2010 to Oct. 2015. According to the application of AM on the basis of ophthalmology outpatient number, 30 cases (58 eyes) in group A were treated with rectus muscle recession surgery combined adjustable suture combined with AM. The other 30 cases (54 eyes) in group B were treated with rectus muscle recession surgery combined adjustable suture only. All patients in two groups were followed-up over 6mo after the strabismus surgery.
RESULTS:Twenty-seven cases ( 48 eyes ) of all the strabismus patients must be adjusted after strabismus surgery, and the eye position adjustment rate was 42.9%. At 1mo after surgery, eye position of 18 cases (29 eyes) can be adjusted in all patients, and 44. 8% (16 cases, 26 eyes ) in group A with the average of adjustment lengths was 2. 56±0. 64mm, and 5. 6% ( 2 cases, 3 eyes ) in group B, with the average of adjustment lengths was 0. 52±0. 28mm, the differences of the adjustment rate and the average of adjustment amount were both high statistically significant (χ2 =22.477, P<0. 01; t=16. 502, P<0. 01 ) between the two groups. Except of 3 cases who couldn't cooperate with eye position adjustment, they all received eye position adjustment in different degrees in one month after strabismus surgery,and after eye position adjustment, 27 cases (53 eyes) in group A got normal eye position, and the correction rate of eye position was 91. 4%, and 16 cases (28 eyes) in group B got normal eye position after eye position adjustment, the correction rate was 51. 9%, the differences of the correction rate were statistically significant (χ2=21. 827, P<0. 01) between the two groups.
CONCLUSION: The application of fresh AM in the microscopic adjustable suture strabismus surgery is exactly effective in treatment of children's intercommunity strabismus. It can significantly extend the adjustment time and increase the adjustment amount, and it also can statistically improve the controllability and achievement ratio for children's strabismus surgery.

BACKGROUND:The limb ischemia model in rats has been widely applied in China to study the pathological process and treatment method of limb ischemia, but there are some controversies on the model construction and evaluation, so a reliable, convenient and economical disease model is needed for the related research. OBJECTIVE:To compare limb ischemia degree, duration and changing rule of acute hind limb ischemia models prepared by different ways in Sprague-Dawley rats, and find a method to prepare models that have moderate and stable limb ischemia and maintain a longer time. METHODS: 72 Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups, with 18 rats in each group. Group A: sham operation group, abdominal aorta below renal artery and iliolumbar artery, right superficial femoral artery, popliteal artery, saphenous artery were separated. Group B: the right superficial femoral artery, popliteal artery, saphenous artery were cut off, and the right femoral artery was resected to establish acute hind limb ischemic model. Group C: abdominal aorta and bilateral abdominal perineal artery were ligated to establish acute hind limb ischemic model. Group D: abdominal aorta, iliolumbar artery and lumbar artery were ligated to establish acute hind limb ischemic model. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Right hind limb muscle strengths of rats in groups B, C, D were weaker than that in group A at weeks 2, 4, 6 after operation; muscle strengths in group D was weaker than that in groups B, C at week 4 after operation; muscle strengths in groups B, D was stil weaker than that in group C at week 6 after operation. The partial venous oxygen pressure of right hind limbs in groups B, C, D was lower than that in group A at weeks 2, 4, 6 after operation; the partial venous oxygen pressure in group D was lower than that in groups B and C at weeks 2, 4 after operation; and group D was stil lower than group C at week 6 after operation. At weeks 2, 4 after operation, some muscle cels in the right hind limb muscle tissue were disrupted, fibrous connective tissue hyperplasia and capilary hyperplasia were detected, inflammatory cels infiltrated in the groups B, C, D. These pathological findings were more apparent in group D. Fiber connective tissue hyperplasia was attenuated, capilary hyperplasia, expansion and congestion were found in each group at week 6 postoperatively. The method of ligating abdominal aorta, iliolumbar artery and lumbar artery below renal artery for hind limb ischemia model can obtain moderate and stable ischemia conditions, maintain a long time, and is convenient to prepare.

Objective To examine the clinical manifestations and pulmonary radiological features in patients with triphosgene poisoning.Methods Clinical manifestations,laboratory tests and CT scans were analyzed retrospectively in 17 patients with triphosgene poisoning.We focused on the severity,development and repair of pulmonary impairment.Results Plain film and CT scans in five mild cases demonstrated bilateral scattered pulmonary patchy shadows.Of 12 cases with moderate to severe diseases,three showed bilateral multiple pulmonary patchy shadows and nodules with confluence of part of the lesions on plain film and CT scans;bilateral lungs were involved in nine cases with imaging findings of bilateral disseminated pulmonary round or ovary nodules with different size,ill-defined and partly-confluent patchy shadows and thickening of both interlobular septum and the wall of bronchus.Of clinical interests,imaging findings were closely correlated with clinical course and laboratory results.Conclusion Radiological examinations with plain films and CT scans could reveal the severity,evolvement of pulmonary edema in patients with triphosgene poisoning,and these are of clinical benefit in the early management and prognostic evaluation of patients with triphosgene poisoning.

ObjectiveTo explore the relationship among 25-hydroxyvitamin D,serum calcium,calcium-sensing receptor,and breast cancer. Methods The expressions of calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) in primary breast cancer,breast benign tumors,and normal breast tissue beside tumors were determined by immunohistochemistry S-P method as well as the concentration of serum 25 (OH) D and serum calcium in breast cancer and breast benign tumors by Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA),Tribromoarsenazo Ⅲ method.ResultsSerum 25 (OH) D level of breast cancer was significantly lower than the breast benign tumors [ (34.13 ± 14.14) nmol/L vs (50.29 ± 25.65 ) nmol/L,t =2.870,P =0.001 ].Serum level of 25 ( OH ) D in lymph node metastasis positive patient was lower than that in negative group [ (30.8 ± 9.71 ) nmol/L vs (43.7 ± 23.59) nmol/L,t =2.467,P =0.021 ].The positive expression of CaSR in breast cancer(88.9％ )was higher than breast benign tumors(60％,x2 =6.717,P ＜ 0.01 ) and normal breast tissue beside tumors (60％,x2 =5.628,P ＜ 0.05 ).ConclusionsConcentration of serum 25 (OH)D and expression of calcium-sensing receptor in the tissues may be associated with occurrence,development and prognosis of breast cancer.