One of the important therapeutic measures in the acute stage of cerebral hemorrhage is to treat cerebral edema and lower intracranial pressure. Mannitol, an osmotic dehydrant, is most widely used in clinical practice. Its major effects include the reduction of intracranial pressure and cerebral edema and prevention of cerebral herniation. Besides, mannitol scavenges oxygen free radicals and protects brain cells. So it has extremely important significance in reducing the mortality of intracerebral hemorrhage.

Bacterial translocation is a major contributor to sepsis and multisystem organ failure.This paper reviews the studies in recent years.We will briefly introduce the advance in bacterial translocation,and expound its pathogenesis,prognosis,diagnosis,therapy,as well as significance and prospects.

Objective To investigate the types of commonly used anti-hypertensive drugs and hypoglycemic drugs and treatment schemes to provide a basis for rationally treating hypertension complicating type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).Methods The medication situation in 191 patients with hypertension complicating T2DM in our hospital were analyzed and investigated.The use of anti-hypertensive drugs and hypoglycemic drugs and treatment scheme were statistically analyzed.Results In 191 patients with hypertension complicating T2DM,the single drug use in the anti-hypertensive scheme accounted for 9.42 ％,two-drug combined use accounted for 64.91％,three-drug combined use for 17.8 ％ and four-drug combined use for 7.85 ％.The medication of ARB+CCB had the highest use frequency;the anti-hypertensive total effective rate was 96.86 ％.In the hypoglycemic schemes,the insulin use accounted for 30.37％,and the use frequency of metformin+ gliclazide was highest,the hypoglycemic total effective rate was 98.43％.Conclusion The medication for the patients suffering from hypertension complicating T2DM is relatively reasonable,and worth of being popularized and applied in clinical practice.

Objective To explore the feasibility of two-port laparoscopic drainage in the treatment of liver abscess. Methods A total of 18 patients with bacterial hepatic abscess underwent twoport laparoscopic drainage.Two incisions were made at the superior border of the umbilicus and 4～5 cm below the right costal margin near the anterior axillary line,respectively.The abscess was cut through in "┼" or "╫" shape.The pus cavity was debrided bluntly,and a double-lumen drainage tube was placed.Results The laparoscopic drainage was performed successfully in all the 18 patients.The operative duration was 30～75 min(mean,45 min).A bile leakage for 80～100 ml per day occurred in 1 patient.The drainage tube was removed on the 12th postoperative day and the patient was discharged from hospital on the 14th postoperative day.Of the 18 patients,the hospital stay after operation was 7～14 d(mean,8.5 d).All the patients were followed for 5～12 months(mean,9 months) and no residual abscess or recurrence was found. Conclusions Two-port laparoscopic drainage for liver abscess is an ideal approach with advantages of simple manipulation,slight contamination inside abdominal cavity,little trauma,low complication rates,and rapid recovery.

Objective: The paper inquires into a new external temporary cardiac pacing method. Method: The research uses a microcomputer-based multi-functional external temporary cardiac-pacing device made by the authors for sending pacing signals. The pacing mode and pacing rate of the device can be adjustable. The pacing pulse width and pacing current of the device can also be adjustable. It inserts a syringe necdle-like negative pacing pole into the chest muscle in the prior-cardiac area of a male adult mongrel dog; it pastes a positive pacing pole on the back area near heart of the dog. It takes intravenous injection isoptin 5mg into the male mongrel dog. After 5 minutes, the heartbeat of the dog suddenly stops; it does pacing experiment for the dog at this time and observes the results of the pacing experiment. Results: After temporary cardiac pacing, the heartbeat of the dog returns, pacing ECG of the dog appears, the pacing for the dog is active. Conclusions: It is a new and benefit external temporary cardiac pacing method.

Objective Discussing reoperative reasons and selection of operation for congenital bile duct cysts.Method Retrospectively analyzing 15 reoperative patients for congenital bile duct cysts.Result Reoperative reasons include unresected cysts canceraztion (3 cases);unresected cysts calculogenesis (4 cases);anastomotic stoma between gut and cyst or bile duct stenosis (6 cases);reflux cholangitis(1 case);recurrence cholecystitis (6 cases).There are two kinds of operations,the first is interposed jejunal choledochoduodenostomy,the second is Rou-en-Y choledochojejunostomy.Conclusion Cysts and gallbladder must be resected totally,Roux-en-Y choledochojejunostomy can enhance effect of operation and prevent reflux cholangitis,this operation is very important for avoiding reoperation.

BACKGROUND:Transient receptor potential protein channel is distributed in many kinds of tissue and cells in human body, and takes part in many physiologic functions and pathological changes of human body. However, up to now, transient receptor potential melastatin 8 (TRPM8) has not been reported in human cartilage.
OBJECTIVE:To study the expression of TRPM8, a subfamily member of transient receptor potential gene, in human knee joint cartilage.
METHODS:Fifteen samples were selected from patients after amputatioin due to severe trauma. Total protein was extracted from 300 mg cartilage tissue of every patient. To detect the distribution of TRPM8 in human
cartilage, cartilage sections were col ected in the same region. The expression and distribution of TRPM8 in human cartilage was detected by western blot analysis and immunofluorescence respectively.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Western blot analysis showed that specific TRPM8 band was visible at molecular weight of 130 000, and as the age increased, TRPM8 expression in human cartilage was gradual y decreased. Immunofluorescence staining results showed that TRPM8 was evenly located in the cellmembrane of chondrocytes. TRPM8 is expressed in the human knee cartilage, specifical y in member of chondrocytes.

Objective To investigate the prevalence and the distribution in population of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and cervical cancer among rural women in Qianjiang district of Chongqing city .Methods From April 2010 to April 2012 ,25 128 married rural women in Qianjiang district were performed screening and detection .The individuals with the positive results were performed the colposcopy and cervical biopsy .Results 112 cases were found with the positive results of the pathological examina-tion ,including 58 cases of CINⅠ ,26 cases of CINⅡ ,19 cases of CINⅢ and carcinoma in situ and 9 cases of invasive carcinoma .The incidence rate of CIN and cervical cancer in Tujia nationality women was significantly higher than that in Han nationality women and Miao nationality women .Conclusion The cervical cancer screening is an important way to find early pathological lesions of cer-vical cancer and prevent cervical cancer ,and is the necessary measure to reduce the incidence rate of cervical cancer in rural women .

Objective To investigate the residues of antibiotics such as quinolones in fishes from Guangzhou aquatic products market.Methods The residues of three kinds of quinolones(NFLX,CPFX and ENFX) in four kinds of fishes collected from five agriculture products markets in Guangzhou were determined by RP-HPLC.Results NFLX was detected in all samples,ranged from 2.19-192.8 ng/g with the maximum concentration of 192.8 ng/g,the detection rate of CPFX was 40% with the average concentration of 4.34 ng/g,ranged form 0-25.36 ng/g,the detection rate of ENFX was 45% with the average concentration of 6.83 ng/g.Three kinds of quinolones were found with high detection rate in Micropterus salmoides and Anguilla japonica,the average detection rates of NFLX,CPFX and ENFX in muscle tissues of Micropterus salmoides were 100%,40% and 100% respectively,that in Anguilla japonica were 100%,40% and 80% respectively.Low rate of ENFX was found in Monopterus albus and Ctenopharyngodon idellus muscle tissues,the average detection rates were 20% and 10%.Higher pharmaceuticals concentrations were detected in the liver than those in the muscle tissue.Conclusion The residues of quinolones in the muscle tissue of fish sold in Guangzhou is considered eligible based on the related standards.

Objective To investigate the relationship between the number of eosinophil(Eos)and level of eosinophil cationic protein(ECP)in induced sputum and asthma severity and their value of differential diagnosis.Methods From July 2002 to June 2004,59 asthmatic patients were selected in the People Hospital of Wuhan University.The number of eosinophil and level of ECP were measured by Wrights' stain and Immuno-CAP System.The lung function was also evaluated.The same index was measured in 20 patients with COPD and 10 healthy subjects as control.Results The number of eosinophil in induced sputum in asthmatic patients negatively correlated with FEV_1%(r=-0.65,P