Steroid-restant nephrotic syndrome (SRNS) is often continuously relapsed, and even develops into end-stage renal di-sease. It has been a great difficulty in the treatment of nephritic syndrome in children. In recent years, many researchers of children SRNS on diagnosis, pathology, treatment have been carried on domestically and in abroad. This paper reviews the latest update on the di-agnosis and treatment of SRNS in children.

Monoclonal antibodies, CAb-15 and CAb-16, were produced by using of spleen cells from Balb/c mice immunized with cell suspension of fresh hepatoma tissues with mouse myeloma Sp 2/0 cells. Western blotting showed that the antigen determinant of CAb-15 was situated on the ?_1 [Ⅲ] polypeptide chains and that of CAb-16 on the triple helical domain. The monoclonal antibodies were also used for immunohistochemical localization by ABC method in formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded sections of normal tissues from liver, kidney, aorta, skin, cartilage, placenta, stomach, breast and granulation tissues. The results showed that these antibodies are useful in immunohistochemical study for collagen.

Objective To study the clinical therapeutic effects of early rehabilitation training combined with acupuncture on dysphagia after acute cerebral infarction.Methods One hundred patients with dysphagia caused by acute cerebral infarction were randomly divided into 4 groups:a comprehensive treatment group(25 cases,received rehabilitation training,acupuncture and routine medication),a routine drug group(25 cases,routine medication),a rehabilitation group(25 cases,received comprehensive rehabilitation training and routine mediciation)and an acu-puncture group(25 cases,received acupuncture therapy and routine medication).Dysphagia was evaluated with videofluoroscopic swallowing study(VFSS),and the incidence of pneumonia was observed before treatment and at the 14th day after daily treatment. Results After treatment,the VFSS scores of the 4 groups were significantly higher than before treatment,and VFSS scores in the comprehensive treatment group were significantly higher than those in the other groups.The effectiveness rate in the comprehensive treatment group was significantly higher than that in the other three groups.and the incidence of pneumonia was significantly lower.Conclusions Early rehabilitation com-bined with acupuncture can improve swallowing and reduce the incidence of aspiration pneumonia in acute stroke pa-tients.

Objective To explore the change of copeptin in plasma and its significance in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage combined with stress ulcer.Methods Eighty patients with intracerebral hemorrhage were collected.Forty-nine patients of pure intracerebral hemorrhage and 31 patients of intracerebral hemorrhage combined with stress ulcer were included.Thirty healthy people were taken as controls.The level of copeptin in plasma was measured and compared in all subjects.Results The level of copeptin in plasma in patients with pure intracerebral hemorrhage and intracerebral hemorrhage combined with stress ulcer was significantly higher than that in controls:(303.684 ± 68.691),(527.034 ± 74.111) ng/L vs.(121.460 ± 53.364) ng/L,and the level of copeptin in plasma in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage combined with stress ulcer was significantly higher than that in patients with pure intracerebral hemorrhage.The differences were statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The level of copeptin in plasma in patients with pure intracerebral hemorrhage increases significantly,and it is much higher in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage combined with stress ulcer.

objective To investigate the clinical signiifcance of the changes of angiotensionⅡ(AngⅡ) in children with IgA nephropathy (IgAN). Methods Thirty children diagnosed as primary IgA nephropathy by renal biopsy (IgAN group) and 30 healthy children (control group) were recruited from May 2008 to December 2012. The serum and urine AngⅡwere measured by ELISA and compared between IgAN group and control group. The AngⅡexpression in the renal tissue of IgAN group was detected by immuno-histochemical method, and was correlated with other clinical data.. Results Urine AngⅡwas signiifcantly higher in the primary IgAN group than that of control group (P<0.05);AngⅡexpression in the urine is positively correlated with proteinuria (r=0.37, P=0.046), and is associated with the severity of clinical presentation; AngⅡexpression in kidney tissue increased with the severity of the renal histopathologic grading (r=0.69, 0.79, P=0.000), while AngⅡin blood and proteinuria, AngⅡexpression in kidney tissue were not signiifcantly correlated with the number of crescents. Conclusions Urine AngⅡin children with IgAN is signiifcantly correlated with the severity of the pathologic stage and the level of proteinuria. Urine AngⅡdetection may be useful to assess the progress and prognosis of chronic kidney disease.

OBJECTIVE:To observe the effects of Cholinesterase inhibitor combined with Compound haishe capsule on prog-nosis of patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD). METHODS:210 AD patients were divided into donepezil group,rivastigmine group,galantamine group,Compound haishe capsule group,donepezil + Compound haishe capsule group,rivastigmine + Com-pound haishe capsule,and galantamine + Compound haishe capsule group,30 cases in each group according to visiting order. Donepezil group received Donepezil hydrochloride tablet 5 mg(<1 month)before going to bed,10 mg(≥1 month),po,qd;riv-astigmine group received Rivastigmine hydrogen tartrate capsule 1.5 mg(<1 month)before going to bed,3.0 mg(≥1 month), po,bid;galantamine group received Galantamine hydrobromide tablet 2 mg (<2 weeks),4 mg (2-4 weeks),6 mg (>4 weeks),po,bid;Compound haishe capsule received Compound haishe capsule 3 casuples,po,tid;donepezil + Compound haishe capsule group received Donepezil hydrochloride tablet 5 mg,po,qd + Compound haishe capsule 3 casuples,po,tid;galantamine+ Compound haishe capsule group received Rivastigmine hydrogen tartrate capsule 1.5 mg,po,bid + Compound haishe capsule 3 casuples,po,tid;galantamine+Compound haishe capsule group received Galantamine hydrobromide tablet 4 mg,po,bid+Com-pound haishe capsule 3 casuples, po, tid. The treatment course for all groups was 3 months. Mini-mental state examination (MMSE),AD dementia rating scale (ADAS-cog) and ability of daily life (ADL score) before and after treatment,and TESS score after treatment in all groups were observed,and the occurrence of ADR was observed. RESULTS:There was no statistical significance in MMSE, ADAS-cog and ADL score between 2 groups before treatment (P>0.05).After treatment, MMSE, ADAS-cog and ADL score in all groups were obviously improved;MMSE scores in ChEI combined with Compound haishe cap-sule groups were obviously higher than appropriate ChEI alone groups and Compound haishe capsule alone group,ADAS-cog and ADL scores were obviously lower than appropriate ChEI alone groups and Compound haishe capsule alone group;TESS scores in-cidence of adverse reactions in Compound haishe capsule alone group or combined with ChEI groups were obviously lower than ap-propriate ChEI alone groups and Compound haishe capsule group,the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). CON-CLUSIONS:ChEI combined with Compound haishe capsule can effectively improve the mental state of AD patients,cognitive function and life activity,with higher safety.

Objective To evaluate the indeterminate growth mutant of tomato derived by space mutagenesis to provide the basis for selecting and cultivating the molecular markers of tomato growth habit. Methods Fifty 10-mer randomly amplified polymorphic DNA(RAPD) primers were used to examine the polymorphism of M1 and 10-3-2. Their polymorphic fragments were cloned, and then were transferred to SCAR markers. Results Of all the 50 10-mer RAPD primers, 44 primers amplified polymerase chain reaction(PCR) products and 2 primers (S165 and S168) amplified stable reproducible polymorphic products. The molecular weight of the specific amplified products were 300 bp and 1 500 bp respectively, therefore they were named as TRS165300 and TRS1681500 temporarily. And TRS1681500 was transferred into stable sequence characterized amplified region(SCAR) marker and this marker could be a specific genetic marker of this indeterminate growth habit mutant. Conclusion Space mutation can produce mutants at DNA level from the loaded materials. The indeterminate growth mutant of tomato is derived by space mutagenesis which can provide a valuable material for studying the regulation and control of tomato growth habit.

Objective To explore the role and their relationship of Ki-67, VEGF and p27 expressed in adult patients with acute leukemia. Methods The expression of Ki-67, VEGF and p27 in bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMNC) were analyzed by immunocytochemical staining, and their correlations of Ki-67, VEGF and p27 were statistically analyzed. Results The expression of Ki-67(42.48±25.78)% or VEGF (44.89±24.01)% on BMMNC from acute leukemia cells was significantly higher than that in the control (11.40±9.94)% or (16.90±12.54)% (P<0.01). But the expression of p27 (23.65±13.30)% was significantly lower than that in the control (50.23±22.68)% (P<0.01). The expressions of Ki-67 were positively correlated with and VEGF in patients with acute leukemia were positively correlated(r=-0.666, P<0.01), and the expressions of Ki-67 and p27 were negatively correlated with p27 in patients with acute leukemia (r=-0.316, P<0.05).Conclusion The evaluation of expression of Ki-67, VEGF and p27 on acute leukemic cells provides new insights to the pathogenesis is helpful in mechanism and is helpful in the diagnosis of acute leukemia.

Objective To select excellent tomato mutants by space treatment and to cultivate directively new varieties for production application.Method Growth dynamics and change of agricultural characters of the mutant of indeterminate growth habit was observed.And the enzymogram and activity of two kinds of main isoenzyme were analyzed.Result An indeterminate growth habit mutant(M1) which derived from a determinate growth habit cultivar(10-3-2) was obtained from the 1st generation after space treatment(SP_1).Being an inherited character,the indeterminate growth habit of the mutant can be expressed from generation to generation.The plant height of M1 was 145 cm,42.0 cm higher than that of the background one(increased by 29.6%),when the background plant height was determined.The main stem diameter of the mutant was 1.22 cm,0.34 cm thicker than that of background parent.However,there were no visible difference in the fruit size and fruit set percentage between them.The biological characters of M1 and its progenies were studied,and the results showed that the indeterminate growth have no side effects on the agronomic characters and fruit quality,and the mutant had a potentiality of higher yield if the condition is suitable.The activity of two enzymes,SOD and POD,was assayed and there were no obvious difference of SOD activities and enzymograms between the mutant and its background parent,but POD activity was much lower in mutant than that in its background parent.Conclusion After observation through 3 generations,it is found that indetermination growth habit is inheritable and stable.

Objective To observe the effects of stress treatment for different time on autonomic behaviors and spatial learning-memory abilities of rats and to investigate the therapeutic efficacy of Chaihu Shugan San(CSS). Methods Seventy-five 8-week-old Wistar rats were randomly divided into blank control group, model control group, and low-, middle-, and high- dose CSS groups, 15 rats in each group. Chronic multi-stress model was set up. The rat body weight in various groups was measured. The autonomic behaviors of rats were observed by open field test, and the abilities of spatial learning-memory of rats were examined by Morris water maze test. Results (1)On modeling day 20, 30, the model control group had lighter body weight than the blank control group (P < 0.01); the middle-, high- dose CSS groups had higher body weight than the model control group (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01) , and the high-dose CSS group had the highest body weight, the difference being insignificant compared with the blank control group (P > 0.05). (2)Open field test results showed as follows:Compared with the blank control group, the total distance and central-area distance were shortened (P < 0.01) and the average speed was decreased(P < 0.01) in the model control group at different modeling time points, the effect being positively correlated with the modeling time; compared with the model control group, the total distance and central-area distance were prolonged(P < 0.05 or P < 0.01) and the average speed was increased (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01) in the low-, middle-, and high- dose CSS groups at different modeling time points, and the therapeutic efficacy of high- dose CSS group was approach to the blank control group. (3)Morris water maze test results showed as follows: Compared with blank control group, the average latent period was prolonged and the times of platform crossing were decreased in the model control group (P < 0.01); compared with the model control group, the average potential time was shortened and the times of platform crossing were increased in the middle- and high-dose CSS groups (P<0.01), the efficacy being not significantly different from that of the blank control group (P > 0.05). Conclusion The chronic stress may decrease the excitability, reduce autonomic behaviors, and injure spatial learning and memory abilities of rats, the effect being positively correlated with the modeling time. And CSS has an effect on improving the above indexes, in particular the middle-and high-dose of CSS.