Interferon-γ-inducible protein 10 (IP-10),also known as chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 10(CXCL10),belongs to the CXC subfamily.IP-10 exerts its function by binding to chemokine (C-X-C motif) receptor 3 or Toll-like receptor 4.IP-10 plays an important role in the occurrence and development of autoimmune diseases.The expression of IP-10 in blood and body fluid is closely associated with the activity of autoimmune disease.IP-10 is expected to become a potential new marker and possess a significant application value in early screening,condition monitoring and therapeutic evaluation of autoimmune diseases.

Objective To establish the quality standard for Xiangshuyin Dispersible tablets. Methods Fructus citrus sarcodactylis and Borneolum syntheticum in the prescription were identified by TLC. The content of the total Naringin was determined by HPLC. The column of AichromBond-AQ-C18 (4.6 mm?150 mm,5 ?m) was used. The mobile phase was mobile phase A-mobile phase B (84∶16),mobile phase A was Water-Acetic Acid (100∶1),mobile phase B was Acetonitrile,at the flow rate of 1.0 mL/min,the column temperature of 30 ℃,and peaks were detected at 283 nm. Results The study on the quality control showed that the characteristic of identification by TLC was distinct and highly specific. The linear range of Naringin was 0.120 6～0.603 ?g,r =0.999 9,the average recovery was 97.90%,RSD=1.76% (n=5). Conclusion The method was easy to operate with accurate result and good reproducibility. It can be used effectively for the quality control of the preparation.

Objective To establish the qualitative and quantitative detective methods of Fuyang granules.Methods The TLC methods for identification of Fructus kochiae and Herba solani lyrati were established.A simple HPLC was established for the determination of hydroxysafflor A(HYSA).The mobile phase was methanol-acetonitrile-0.7% phosphoric acid(24:6:70).UV detecting wavelength was at 403 nm.Results Fructus kochiae and Herba solani lyrati could be identified by TLC.HYSA showed a linear relationship at the concentration range of 0.128～1.024 ?g,r =0.999 8.The average recovery was 99.52% and RSD= 1.97%(n = 5).Conclusion The method can be used for qualitative identification and quantization determination of Fuyang granules.

Objective To investigate the pharmacological hypothermic effect of WIN55, 212-2 on neuronal apoptosis after cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Methods Cardiac Arrest ( CA ) was induced in Sprague-Dawley rats.Five minutes after onset of CA, cardiopulmonary resuscitation ( CPR) was carried out.At 30 minutes post-resuscitation, the animals were randomized into three groups (n=10 in each group): (1) WIN55, 212-2 hypothermia group [W group, WIN55, 212-2, 1 mg/(kg· h)].(2) Normothermia group (NT group, 5%DMSO);(3) WIN55, 212-2 with normothermia group (W+NT group, WIN55, 212-2, 1 mg/(kg· h).Animals in WIN55, 212-2 hypothermia group and WIN55, 212-2 with normothermia group were dealt with continuous intravenous infusion of WIN55, 212-2 [1 mg/(kg· h)] for 4 h, while rats in NT group were infused with equal volume of 5% DMSO instead.The survival time and neurological deficit score ( NDS) were observed.The CA models were established in three groups.After rats were sacrificed, the brains were harvested for detecting histopathological changes and apoptosis of neural cell at 24 h, 48 h and 72 h after ROSC respectively.Five animals of each group were chosen randomly ( random number ) .Results Body temperatures of rats in W group decreased from 37°C to 34°C in 4 hours.Accumulated survival rate in W group was higher than that in the other two groups ( P=0.02) .NDS was significantly improved in W group than that in the other two groups ( P<0.05) .Morphological change in W group was less serious than that in the other two groups.The number of neuron apoptosis in W group was smaller than that in the other two groups.Conclusions WIN55, 212-2 inducing pharmacologically hypothermia during post-resuscitation prolonged survival and improved cerebral function in rat cardiac arrest models.The beneficial effects of WIN55, 212-2 were associated with ameliorating the histopathological damage in brain and alleviating the neuron apoptosis.

Objective:To study the dynamic changes of the main active components in wine-processed Cuscuta chinensis with dif-ferent rocessing methods. Methods: An HPLC method was adopted for the content determination of chlorogenic acids, hyperoside, quercetin and kaempferol in C. chinensis and wine-processed C. chinensis with different baking temperature, baking time and amount of yellow wine. The chromatographic conditions were as follows: the detection wavelength was 360 nm, and methanol-0. 1% phosphoric acid was used as the mobile phase with gradient elution. Results:The wine processing system could increase the content of quercetin and kaempferol, while decrease the content of chlorogenic acids and hyperin. Conclusion: Different processing methods have certain effects on the main active components, which provide basis for the further study on the processing mechanism and quality control of wine-processed C. chinensis.

In total, 106 patients with maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) were divided into two groups based on their valsartan administration, and 53 healthy controls were recruited in the study. Plasma concentrations of interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), resistin and high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) before and after valsartan treatment. Plasma levels of resistin, IL-6, TNF-α and hs-CRP were all significantly increased in patients with MHD as compared to those in healthy controls (P＜0. 05). Among patients with MHD the plasma levels of resistin, IL-6 and hs-CRP in valsartan group were lower than those in non-valsartan group (P＜0. 05).

Objective To investigate the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (ERK) signaling pathway in the endometrium of women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and its effect and significance in the cause of hyperplasia and carcinoma;and investigate the factors which affect the activation of the MAPK/ERK signaling pathway. Methods Collected 52 patients diagnosed as PCOS who were taken dilation and curettage of uterus as study, while 32 non-PCOS patients matched as control group. Serum hormonal parameters, fasting blood glucose and insulin were measured in all patients. The PCOS patients were sub-group as insulin resistance group and non-insulin resistance group; all the patients were carried out pathology inspection of endometria, and the PCOS patients were sub-group as endometrial hyperplasia and carcinoma group and normal endometrium group based on the outcome of pathology inspection. Western blot were performed to detect the expressions of ERK1/2 and phosphorylated ERK1/2 (p-ERK1/2), the activation of ERK1/2. Results (1)The expression of pERK1/2 [(61 ±13)%] in the endometrium in PCOS group was higher than that in the control [(44 ±10)%, P ＜0.01]. (2)The expression of p-ERK1/2 was significantly increased in group of endometrial hyperplasia and carcinoma [ ( 70 ± 11 )% ] compared to that in group of normal endometrium [ (55 ± 10)% ,P ＜ 0.01 ], while there were significant difference between group of insulin resistance [ (63 ± 13 )% ] and group of non-insulin resistance [ (55 ±7)%, P ＜0.01 ]. (3) Fasting insulin level, insulin area under the curve and body mass index were related to the expression of p-ERK1/2 in endometrium with PCOS, the correlation coefficient were 0.447, 0.456 and 0.381, respectively ( all P ＜ 0.01 ). Conclusions The MAPK/ERK signaling pathway in endometrium with PCOS was overactivation, which was related to the endometrial hyperplasia and carcinoma; while the activation of MAPK/ERK signaling pathway were effected by insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia.

Objective To investigate the effects of paired associative stimulation (PAS) on the recovery of upper limb motor function in stroke patients,and to analyze the relationship between the change of motor cortex excitability in the contralesional hemisphere and the recovery of motor function in the affected upper limb.Methods Thirty hemiplegic stroke patients were divided randomly into a treatment group and a control group.Both groups were given routine rehabilitation therapy,but the treatment group also received PAS consisting of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) of the intact motor cortex and electrical stimulation (ES) of the median nerve at the wrist of the intact arm with an interval of 10 ms between the TMS and ES (PAS10).The PAS10 was delivered at a frequency of 0.05 Hz and an intensity of 120％ the resting motor threshold (RMT),once daily for 30 minutes,five times a week for 4 weeks.Corticospinal excitability was measured using motor evoked potentials (MEP) and the RMT.The FuglMeyer upper limb assessment (FMA),Brunnstrom staging and the modified Barthel index (MBI) were also applied before and at the end of the 4 weeks of treatment.Correlation was sought between any changes in MEP amplitude,the RMT of the contralesional hemisphere and changes in the FMA results.Results Before the intervention there were no significant differences between the two groups in terms of any of the assessments.After 4 weeks of treatment,all the assessments had changed significantly compared to those before the treatment,but there were still no significant differences between the two groups in terms of any the assessments.After 4 weeks of treatment,the differences in MEP amplitude from the contra-lesional hemisphere and the differences in FMA scores were positively and significantly correlated with a correlation coefficient of r =0.431.The lesioned hemisphere was also positively correlated with the differences in FMA scores with a significant correlation coefficient of r =0.608.Conclusion PAS10 can facilitate the recovery of upper limb motor function.The change in motor cortex excitability of the contra-lesional hemisphere significantly correlates with functional recovery in the upper limb.

Objective To compare the effects of paired associative stimulation (PAS) and repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) on motor cortex excitability.Methods The baseline corticospinal excitability of the left hemispheres of 10 healthy subjects was measured in terms of resting motor threshold (RMT) and other indicators of motor evoked potentials (MEP).On the following day they received PAS composed of trascranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) to the motor cortex of the left hemisphere and electric stimulation (ES) of the median nerve contralateral to the motor cortex,with an interval of 10ms between the TMS and ES (termed PAS10).The PAS10 was delivered at a frequency of 0.05 Hz and an intensity of 120％ of the RMT,for a total of 90 pulses.The MEP amplitude,MEP latency and RMT were evaluated one minute after the stimulation.After the PAS intervention,an interval of one week was allowed to eliminate any effect of PAS on motor cortex excitability.Then rTMS was delivered to the subjects' left motor cortex at the same time of day at a frequency of 1 Hz and an intensity of 120％ of the RMT,for a total of 1000 pulses.MEP amplitude,MEP latency and RMT were evaluated one minute after the stimulation.The two interventions were compared in terms of MEP amplitude,MEP latency and RMT.Results The average MEP amplitude,MEP latency and RMT at baseline were (2.93 ± 0.99) mV,(20.97 ± 1.67) ms,and (46.06 ±5.32) ％,respectively.One minute after PAS10,the MEP amplitude,MEP latency and RMT were (1.14 ± 0.76) mV,(21.87 ± 1.09) ms and (52.06 ±4.20) ％,respectively.One minute after rTMS,the MEP amplitude and latency and the RMT were (2.24 ± 0.79) mV,(20.88 ± 1.94) ms,and (49.00 ± 4.54) ％,respectively.The differences in MEP amplitude,MEP latency and RMT pre-and post-intervention were (0.69 ± 0.10) mV,(0.09 ±0.05) ms and (3.94 ± 0.93) ％,respectively for rTMS.For PAS10 they were (1.83 ± 0.14) mV,(0.90 ± 0.26)ms and (6.00 ± 1.13)％,respectively.The differences in MEP amplitude decrease and MEP latency lengthening between the two stimulation protocols were significant,but the difference in RMT elevation was not.Conclusion Both PAS10 and low frequency rTMS suppressed motor cortex excitability,but the suppressive effect of PAS10 is more significant.

Objective To investigate the diagnostic value of carotid artery ultrasonography,CT angiography (CTA)and digital subtraction angiography (DSA)for carotid artery dissection. Methods The image data of carotid artery ultrasonography,CTA,and DSA of 24 patients with carotid artery dissection were analyzed retrospectively. Results Twenty-four,16,and 21 patients were examined with DSA,CTA,and carotid artery ultrasonography respectively. The detection rates of carotid artery dissection with DSA,CTA, and carotid artery ultrasonography were 95. 8%,75.0%,and 71. 4% respectively. The DSA mostly showed the line-like sign (n=12,50 %). CTA and carotid artery ultrasonography mostly showed the double lumen sign;they were 37. 5%(n=6)and 52. 4%(n=11)respectively. Compared with DSA,the concordance rates of carotid artery ultrasonography and CTA were 66. 7% and 81. 3% respectively. There was no significant difference (Kappa=0. 39,P=0. 08 and Kappa=0. 43,P =0. 22 respectively). The concordance rate of ultrasonography in combination with CTA and DSA reached 87. 5%(n=15,Kappa=0. 67,P =0.047). There was significant difference. Conclusion DSA is a gold standard for the diagnosis of carotid artery dissection,and it is irreplaceable. Carotid artery ultrasonography in combination with CTA can improve the diagnostic rate. Carotid artery ultrasonography can be used as a screening method for carotid artery dissection.