Objective:To evaluate the technique of laser treatment for diabetic retinopathy.Methods:Semiconductor Iaser was used in the retinaI laser surgery for 398 cases(776 eyes) with diabetic retinopathy.VisuaI acuity,fundus and intraocular pressure(IOP) were examined,and slit Iamp exam and fundus fluorescein angiography(FFA)were performed before operation.Postoperative follow-up was l year.Results:VisuaI acuity was improved in 617 eyes(79.51%),remained unchanged in 149 eyes(19.20%)and decreased in 10 eyes(0.12%).Retinopathy became worsen in 97 eyes,with bad blood sugar control,hypertension and high levels of blood lipids.Coneiusion:The lasertreatment of diabetic retinopathy is effective signicantly.

Objective To propose a method for the determination of droxidopa concentration in human plasma by HPLC method for the study of the pharmacokinetics of droxidopa.Methods After a single oral dose of 200 mg droxidopa capsule was administered to 12 healthy Chinese male volunteers,we used perchloric acid to precipitate proteinum and then determined the droxidopa concentration in plasma by HPLC.The pharmacokinetic parameters of droxidopa were calculated by 3P87 software.Results The linear range was 0.025-2 ?g/ml.Pharmacokinetic parameters were: T1/2(108.50?30.78)min,AUC(185.74?26.41) ?g?ml-1?min-1,CL(1.08?0.08)ml/min,Tmax(99.90?10.05)min,Cmax(0.74?0.08)?g/ml.At 10 h after administration,droxidopa was eliminated from the blood almost completely.Conclusion The method we proposed is sensitive,reproducible,and easy to operate.Pharmacokinetics of droxidopa in vivo is fitted to two-compartment model.

Objective To set up a HPLC method for the determination of the contents of notoginsenoside R1,ginsenoside Rg1 and Rb1 in Kangliu pills.Methods It was performed on Kromasil C18(4.6 mm?150 mm,5 ?m),and the mobile phase was acetonitrile-0.05% phosphoric acid with gradient elution system.The flow rate was 1.0 mL/min,the detective wavelength was 203 nm,injection volume was 10 ?L and the column temperature was 30 ℃.Results The liner range of notoginsenoside R1 was 82.8～621 ?g(r=0.999 9) and the average recovery was 100.057%(RSD=0.399 6%).The liner range of ginsenoside Rg1 was 109.8～ 823.5 ?g(r =0.999 6) and the average recovery was 99.248%(RSD=1.004 6%).The liner range of ginsenoside Rb1 was 112.6～844.5 ?g(r=0.999 9) and the average recovery was 99.812%(RSD=1.474 4%).Conclusion The method is simple,accurate and reproducible,and suitable for the content determination of notoginsenoside R1,ginsenoside Rg1 and Rb1 in Kangliu pills.

Objective To observe the effect of hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) on mineral density and biomechanics of new-formed bone in distraction gap.Methods The mandibles were subjected to osteotomy and distractors were placed bilaterly in 30 rabbits,which were divided randomly into 2 groups.After 5 days for latency,the mandibles were distracted at a rate of 0.8 mm/day for 10 days,and then for consolidation.After surgery,group A received HBOT with daily distraction,whereas group B only distracted without HBOT served as control group.The animals in groups A and B were sacrificed 1 wk,2 wk,4 wk of consolidation,respectively.The mandibles were harvested and subjected to examination for new bone formation,and bone mineral density (BMD) and biomechanics of newly formed bone in the distraction gap.Results At one week of consolidation,no significant differences were observed between the BMD of newly formed bone in the two groups (P＞0.05);however,at the other time points,BMD of newly formed bone in group A was significantly higher than that in group B (P＜0.05).Moreover,at 4 weeks of consolidation,the strength,maximum fragile energy and modulus of elasticity of newly formed bone in group A were significantly higher than those in group B (P＜0.05).Conclusions The results suggest that HBOT improves mineral density and strength of new formed bone in distraction gap.

ObjectiveTo observe the effect of continuous elastic outside distraction on female minipig nipples and their supporting tissues,and to investigate its mechanism to correct inverted nipples.MethodsThree female 3-month-old minipigs with 12 nipples were employed.4 nipples of each minipig were remained without distraction as control group,and the other 8 nipples were continuously distracted with inverted nipple correction instruments.Corresponding nipples were excised at 2,4,8 and 12 weeks after traction.Before excision,the diameters and heights of nipples were measured with a vernier caliper.Then the excised nipple specimens were employed for HE staining to observe the change of their tissue structure and the number counting of capillaries.ResultsThe volumes of nipples all obviously increased after traction,as compared with control group,and diameters and heights of nipples were significantly different (P＜0.01).In addition,there was a trend that nipple height increased with traction time.Under light microscope,the traction group showed that epidermis thickened,basal cells,fibroblasts and capillary significantly proliferated.Capillary counts compared with the control group were significantly different (P＜0.01).ConclusionsContinuous elastic outside distraction can promote the proliferation of female minipig nipple and areola papillaris.

AIM:To investigate the effects of aminophylline used early in resuscitation on achievement ratio of resuscitation,the concentrations of plasma norepinephrine(NE),adenosine and nitric oxide(NO),and the levels of cardiac tissue endothelin-1(ET-1)and adenosine in rats with sudden cardiac arrest.METHODS:Sixty SD rats were randomly divided into three groups:operated control(group A),epinephrine treatment(group B),and epinephrine plus aminophylline treatment(group C).Each group had 20 rats.The concentrations of plasma NE,adenosine and NO,and the levels of cardiac tissue ET-1 and adenosine were examined in group A and 30 min after survived in group B and group C.RESULTS:The duration of circulation recovered in group C was less than that in group B,significantly(P0.05).The concentrations of plasma adenosine and NE,and the levels of cardiac tissue ET-1 and adenosine in group B and group C were higher than those in group A significantly(P

The experiment was carried out on Hepatoma-22 ascitic tumor cells of mice in vivo. Daily injection of 2 mg cAMP with 1 mg theophylline into the peritoneal cavity for 7 and 8 days, then these animals were sacrificed. We found that cAMP with theophylline inhibit the growth of tumor cells of Hepatoma-22 ascitic and decrease the activity of Mg~(++), (Na~+-K~+)-ATPase and cAMP-PDE on the cell surface of H-22 tumor cells of mice by cytochemical electron microscopy. Exogenic cAMP and theophlline decrease the activities of these enzymes and elevate the intracellular content of cAMP. These may indicate the reversion transformation of the cancer cell.

The experiment was carried out on cultured human stomach glandular carcinoma (SGC-7901 cell line). We previously reported the cytochemical changes of (Na~+-K~+)-ATPase activity and the changes of microvilli. We here studied the relationship among the cAMP, cAMP-PDEase, Mg~(++)-ATPase activity, the cell growth and differentiation. Cells were exposed to Immol/L cAMP together with 1 mmol/L theophylline. We showed cAMP specific fluorescence by immunocytochemical method, Mg~(++)-ATPase and cAMP-PDEase activity by cytochemical methods. We found that cAMP with theophylline not only inhibited the growth of these SGC-7901 cells as shown by our previous result, but also decreased the activity of Mg~(++)-ATPase and 3', 5'-cyclic monophosphate phosphodiesterase. The result indicates that exogenous cAMP can inhibit 3', 5'-cAMP-PDEase and Mg~(++)-ATPase activity and increase cAMP level in cell, and cAMP regulated the growth and differentiation of SGC-7901 cell line

The writing of vocational college thesis is the maln way to test whether the students are able to analyze and solve practical problems with the professional knowledge and skills they've learnt, as well as improve the capability of production and practice. This paper analyzes the present situation of the thesis written by higher vocational college students majoring in pharmaceutical sci-ences, and figures out the four kinds of evaluation standards about graduation thesis for students in various pharmaceutical fields with different problems. The four kinds of evaluation standards includes key point analysis on Standard Operation Procedure (SOP), planning strategy for pharmaceutical mar-keting, investigation of rational use of drugs in hospitals and subject research. The author puts forward the solving method for the problem, and formulate the evaluation requirements.

The chiral separation of three triazole pesticides, i.e. diniconazole, triadimefon and triadimenol was studied on a Chiralcel OJ-H and a Chiralcel OD-H HPLC chiral columns. The optical rotation quality of diniconazole and triadimefon enantiomers was measured and the absolute configurations of individual enan-)tiomers) were further concluded. On this basis, the absolute configurations of the four triadimenol stereoisomers were deduced via the reductive experiment of triadimefon to triadimenol. Furthermore, the chiral stability of the three triazole pesticides in organic solvents and buffer solutions was investigated. The results showed the obvious enantiomerization was observed as for triadimefon in methanol, ethanol and water, whereas dinicona-)zole) and triadimefon were chiral stable in organic solvents and water. The enantiomerization of triadimefon would be accelerated at higher temperature and in alkaline media.