Objective To investigate the preparation of the internal quality controls for urinary retinal binding protein(RBP)de-tected by the latex enhanced immunoturbidimetry assay and its performance evaluation.Methods The urine specimens from the pa-tients with nephropathy and healthy people with physical examination were collected,centrifuged by 3 500 r/min for removing sedi-ment,urinary RBP levels were adjusted to the low value for healthy population and the high value for the patients with nephropa-thy;then conducted the anticorrosion,packed and stored at -20 ℃.By using the urinary RBP commodity kits,the latex enhanced immunoturbidimetry was adopted to detect urinary RBP,the intra-batch and inter-batch precisions were detected respectively.Then the high and low values of self-prepared controls were detected once per day for consecutive 5 months.The data were processed by using the SPSS13.0 software.Then the performance of self-prepared urinary RBP quality control was evaluated.Results The intra-batch imprecision of 2 levels of urinary RBP controls was less than 5% and the inter-batch imprecision was less than 6%;the stable period by storage at -20 ℃ was at least 5 months,the imprecision had no statistical difference within 5 months(P >0.05).Conclu-sion The high and low levels of self-prepared urinary RBP quality controls can meet the operating requirements of internal quality controls.

Objective When detecting the blood C peptide by chemiluminescence method,used had confronted the lack of qual-ity control.This paper examines the feasibility of self-made C peptide quality control as indoor quality control products. Methods From the serum of diabetic patients and health examination,C peptide low values(concentration around the 1.20 ng/ml)and high value(concentration around the 12.0 ng/ml)were collected,excluding hemolysis,jaundice and tallow ser-um,preventing bacterial contamination,hepatitis B surface antigen,hepatitis C virus,human immunodeficiency virus indica-tors are negative;then these serum was mixed respectively,embalmed,packaged,-20 DEG preserved.The performance e-valuation of the C peptide mixed serum was carried out using SIEMENS’s C peptide reagent kit.Results Low value,high value of two levels of serum C peptide quality control in batch imprecision respectively were 4.46% and 4.15% respective-ly.Day not precision respectively were 6.00%,5.56%,-20 DEG saved stability for at least 6 months (P>0.05).Com-pared with six months by analysis of variance,F value of the low and high values were 0.665,0.602,P values were 0.471, 0.568 and the difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05),but the difference among bottles was no significant. Conclusion Two levels value of the C peptide in self-made preserved at -20 DEG can meet the requirements of internal quality control products.

Objective To investigate levels of IL-17 and IL-22 mRNA in the blood of type 2 diabetes(T2DM)patients with the different stages of kidney injury and explore the relationship between the gene expression levels of IL-17,IL-22 and renal lesions in patients with diabetic nephropathy(DM).Methods Subjects included 60 T2DM patients with or without kidney injury and 20 normal controls(NC,n=20).Diabetes patients were divided into 3 groups by level of urinary albumin to creati-nine ratio (ACR):no proteinuria group (NA,ACR<30 mg/g,n=22),microalb uminuria group (MA,30 mg/g>ACR>300 mg/g,n=18)and diabetic nephropathy group (DN,ACR>300 mg/g,n=20).Quantitative Real-Time RT-PCR was used to detect IL-17 and IL-22 mRNA levels.Analysis differences of IL-17 and IL-22 mRNA levels among NA,MA,DN and NC groups.Results The levels of IL-17 and IL-22 mRNA were significantly higher in DN group than that in MA,NA and NC group (P <0.01,respectively),However,there were not significant difference among MA,NA and NC group (P >0.05,re-spectively).Conclusion Levels IL-17 and IL-22 mRNA were increased in blood of T2DM patients with nephropathy.IL-17 and IL-22 may play role in the pathogenicity of diabetic nephropathy.

Objective To evaluate the effects of extremity ischemic preconditioning on liver injury after cardiac valve replacement with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB).Methods Sixty ASA physical status Ⅱ or Ⅲ patients (NYHA Ⅱ or Ⅲ), weighing 44-72 kg, with ejection fraction≥40％, schedule for elective cardiac valve replacement with CPB, were randomly divided into 2 groups (n =30 each) using a random number table: control group (group C) and extremity ischemic preconditioning group (group E).Immediately after anesthesia induction, an auto-inflatable cuff was placed under the right lower extremity, and was inflated to 300 mmHg to induce ischemia (oxygen saturation at the finger tip undetected or foot pulse untouched on the operated side) which was preceded by 3 cycles of 5 min ischemia-5 min reperfusion in group E.Before anesthesia induction (T0) , and at 2, 12, 24, and 72 h, and 7 days after operation (T1-5) , blood samples were taken from the right internal jugular vein for determination of serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activities.The expression of serum miR-122 was detected at T0-4 by real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction.Results Compared with the value at T0, the serum ALT and AST activities were significantly increased at T2-4, and the expression of miR-122 was up-regulated at T1-3 in the two groups (P＜0.05).Compared with group C, the serum ALT and AST activities were significantly decreased at T2-4, and the expression of miR-122 was down-regulated at T1-3in group E (P＜0.05).Conclusion Extremity ischemic preconditioning can mitigate liver injury after cardiac valve replacement with CPB.

Objective To observe the therapeutic effect of central venous catheter drainage and intrapleural injection of urokinase on tuberculous pleurisy patients.Methods 60 hospitalized patients with tuberculous pleurisy were selected,and they were divided into two groupsby simple random grouping method.Both two groups received 3HRZE/6HR anti-tuberculosis treatment.30 patients in the observation group were treated with central venous catheter drainage and intrapleural injection of urokinase.30 patients in the control group were treated with conventional pleurocentesis.The duration of pleural effussion drainage,incidence of pleural thickening,hospitalization time and expense,and the adverse reaction rate were observed during treatment.Results In the observation group,the curative effect at 1 week was 46.7％,the duration of pleural effussion drainage was (20.5 ± 6.7)days,the incidence rate of pleural thickening was 26.7％,the hospitalization time was (9.4 ± 2.7) days,the hospitalization expense was (6 675.4 ± 1 818.4) RMB,the incidence rate of adverse reaction was 3.3％.In the control group,the curative effect at 1 week was 20.0％,the duration of pleural effussion drainage was (25.1 ± 7.7) days,the incidence rate of pleural thickening was 46.7％,the hospitalization time was (10.3 ± 2.8)days,the hospitalization expense was (7 508.9 ± 1 692.1) RMB,the incidence rate of adverse reaction was 20..0％.There were statistically significant differences between the two groups in the curative effect at 1 week (x2 =4.800,P =0.028),duration of pleural effussion drainage (t =2.484,P =0.016),incidence of pleural thickening (t =4.444,P =0.035) and incidence rate of adverse reaction (x2 =4.043,P =0.044).No statistically significant differences were observed between the two groups in hospitalization time(t =1.270,P =0.209) and expense (t =1.838,P =0.071).Conclusion In comparison to conventional pleurocentesis,the treatment of central venous catheter drainage and intrapleural injection of urokinase for tuberculous pleurisy is markedly efective,it is safe and Worthy of popularizing in clinical application.

Eucommiae Folium(EF),a traditional Chinese medicine,has been used to treat secondary hypertension,including renal hypertension and salt-sensitive hypertension,as well as hypertension caused by thoracic aortic endothelial dysfunction,a high-fat diet,and oxidized low-density lipoprotein.The antihyperten-sive components of EF are divided into four categories:flavonoids,iridoids,lignans,and phenyl-propanoids,such as chlorogenic acid,geniposide acid and pinoresinol diglucoside.EF regulates the occurrence and development of hypertension by regulating biological processes,such as inhibiting inflammation,regulating the nitric oxide synthase pathway,reducing oxidative stress levels,regulating endothelial vasoactive factors,and lowering blood pressure.However,its molecular antihypertensive mechanisms are still unclear and require further investigation.In this review,by consulting the relevant literature on the antihypertensive effects of EF and using network pharmacology,we summarized the active ingredients and pharmacological mechanisms of EF in the treatment of hypertension to clarify how EF is associated with secondary hypertension,the related components,and underlying mechanisms.The results of the network pharmacology analysis indicated that EF treats hypertension through a multi-component,multi-target and multi-pathway mechanism.In particular,we discussed the role of EF tar-gets in the treatment of hypertension,including epithelial sodium channel,heat shock protein70,rho-associated protein kinase 1,catalase,and superoxide dismutase.The relevant signal transduction path-ways,the ras homolog family member A(RhoA)/Rho-associated protein kinase(ROCK)and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate(NADPH)oxidase/eNOS/NO/Ca2+pathways,are also discussed.

Objective    To investigate the diagnostic value of tuberculosis T cell spot test (T-SPOT.TB) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) test in the diagnosis of simple pulmonary nodules in Xinjiang. Methods    A retrospective analysis of 72 patients with asymptomatic simple pulmonary nodules in the Department of Thoracic Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University from October 2017 to July 2019 was performed. According to the pathological results, the patients were divided into a tuberculoma group [n=23, including 14 males and 9 females, aged 37-84 (56.91±12.73) years] and a lung cancer group [n=49, including 31 males and 18 females, aged 34-83 (61.71±10.15) years]. The predictive value of T-SPOT.TB and ESR results for the diagnosis of simple pulmonary nodules was evaluated. Results    The positive rate of T-SPOT.TB in the tuberculoma group (69.60%) was higher than that in the lung cancer group (42.90%) (χ2=5.324，P=0.021), with a sensitivity of 69.56% and specificity of 57.14%; the positive ESR was 47.80%in the tuberculoma group and 59.20% in the lung cancer group, and no statistical difference was found between the two groups (χ2=0.981, P=0.322), with a sensitivity of 47.82% and specificity of 40.81%; the area under receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was 0.618, the 95% confidence interval of AUC was (0.479, 0.758), and the Youden’s index was 0.267 with a sensitivity of 69.60% and specificity of 57.10%. Difference in the T-SPOT.TB and ESR test results was statistically significant (χ2=4.986, P=0.026), but the correlation between the tests was weak with a Pearson contingency coefficient of 0.199. ESR results in patients with different ages were statistically different (χ2=7.343, P=0.025), but the correlation between age and ESR results was weak with a Pearson contingency coefficient of 0.239; T-SPOT.TB results in patients with different ages were not statistically different (χ2=0.865, P=0.649), and the correlation between age and ESR results was weak with a Pearson contingency coefficient of 0.084. Conclusion    The diagnostic value of T-SPOT.TB and ESR tests is small in the diagnosis of simple pulmonary nodules.

Patients with severe trauma require an extremely timely treatment and transfusion plays an irreplaceable role in the emergency treatment of such patients. An increasing number of evidence-based medicinal evidences and clinical practices suggest that patients with severe traumatic bleeding benefit from early transfusion of low-titer group O whole blood or hemostatic resuscitation with red blood cells, plasma and platelet of a balanced ratio. However, the current domestic mode of blood supply cannot fully meet the requirements of timely and effective blood transfusion for emergency treatment of patients with severe trauma in clinical practice. In order to solve the key problems in blood supply and blood transfusion strategies for emergency treatment of severe trauma, Branch of Clinical Transfusion Medicine of Chinese Medical Association, Group for Trauma Emergency Care and Multiple Injuries of Trauma Branch of Chinese Medical Association, Young Scholar Group of Disaster Medicine Branch of Chinese Medical Association organized domestic experts of blood transfusion medicine and trauma treatment to jointly formulate Chinese expert consensus on blood support mode and blood transfusion strategies for emergency treatment of severe trauma patients ( version 2024). Based on the evidence-based medical evidence and Delphi method of expert consultation and voting, 10 recommendations were put forward from two aspects of blood support mode and transfusion strategies, aiming to provide a reference for transfusion resuscitation in the emergency treatment of severe trauma and further improve the success rate of treatment of patients with severe trauma.