Pathological pain or clinical pain is caused by tissue and nerve injuries,and is usually chronic and mainly divided into inflammatory pain and neuropathic pain. Pathological pain is typically characterized by hyperalgesia (increased responsiveness to noxious stimuli) and allodynia (painful responses to normally innocuous stimuli). The MAPKs are a family of evolutionally conserved molecules that play a critical role in cell signaling,consisting of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK),p38,and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK),which play an important role in neural plasticity of pathological pain. Inhibition of MAPKs alleviates inflammatory pain and neuropathic pain in different animal models. It is very important to study the inhibition of MAPKs as a therapeutic approach to treating pathological pain. All the studies suggest that MAPKs is a promising therapeutic target for pathological pain.

BACKGROUND:There are less studies addressing whether bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells from systemic lupus erythematosus patients are different from healthy people.
OBJECTIVE:To compare the multi-differentiation capacity of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells isolated from systemic lupus erythematosus model mice and normal control mice.
METHODS:Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells of systemic lupus erythematosus model mice and C57BL mice were isolated and cultured fol owed by osteogenic and adipogenic differentiations, respectively. Differentiation abilities of two kinds of mouse bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were observed.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Passaged bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells from C57BL mice were long spindle-shaped and evenly distributed, while bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells from systemic lupus erythematosus model mice showed slow growth and were relatively smal er than those from C57BL mice. After osteogenic induction, the amount of calcium salt and calcium nodules were significantly less in the bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells from systemic lupus erythematosus model mice than from normal control mice. PCR detection showed that expressions of Runx2, alkaline phosphatase and osteocalcin were also significantly decreased in the bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells from systemic lupus erythematosus model mice. After adipogenic induction, the number of lipid droplets in the bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells from systemic lupus erythematosus model mice was significantly less than the control group, and PCR detection also showed significantly decreased expression of adipogenic genes, including PPARγ2 and lipoprotein lipase. These findings suggest that the bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells from systemic lupus erythematosus model mice exhibit lower osteogenic and adipogenic capacities than those from normal C57BL mice, and also have the impaired multi-differentiation ability.

BACKGROUND:To reduce the amount of bleeding and the amount of hemoglobin after total knee replacement has been a key project in the clinical research in the division of bone and joint. Currently, ice therapy has been widely used in the clinic for tissue sweling and pain due to various physical and chemical factors. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the risk factors of postoperative hemoglobin after total knee replacement and discuss the effects of ice intervention. METHODS: 240 patients with osteoarthritis based on the random draw principles were equaly divided into the treatment group and the control group. The general information, disease status, diagnosis and treatment and prognosis of the two groups were investigated. Al patients were actively subjected to artificial total knee replacement. On the basis of the treatment in the control group, the treatment group received ice intervention at 2 hours after replacement for 7 consecutive days. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The postoperative hemoglobin decrease occurred in 34 patients, with the incidence of 14.2% among 240 patients at 7 days after replacement. Multivariate logistic regression analysis results showed that age, no ice treatment, body mass index were the main risk factors for hemoglobin decrease after total knee replacement (P < 0.05). Compared with the control group, the postoperative hemoglobin values of the treatment group were significantly higher (P < 0.05). Hemoglobin decrease values, total blood loss, blood transfusion rate, blood transfusion amount, and pain score at 3 and 7 days after replacement were significantly lower in the treatment group than in the control group (P < 0.05). The knee function excelent and good rate was 96.7% in the treatment group, and 95.8% in the control group, which showed no significant difference (P > 0.05). Results verify that clinical application of total knee replacement facilitated the knee recovery in patients with osteoarthritis, but hemoglobin decrease and bleeding existed. Active ice intervention can reduce the risk and relieve postoperative pain.

3' Untranslated Regions ; Animals ; Antagomirs ; metabolism ; Base Sequence ; Binding Sites ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Movement ; Cell Proliferation ; Humans ; Mice ; MicroRNAs ; antagonists & inhibitors ; genetics ; metabolism ; RNA Interference ; RNA, Messenger ; metabolism ; RNA, Small Interfering ; metabolism ; Rats ; Sequence Alignment ; Snail Family Transcription Factors ; antagonists & inhibitors ; genetics ; metabolism ; Stomach Neoplasms ; genetics ; pathology

BACKGROUND: Evidence on the relations of the American Heart Association's ideal cardiovascular health (ICH) with mortality in Asians is sparse, and the interaction between behavioral and medical metrics remained unclear. We aimed to fill the gaps. METHODS: A total of 198,164 participants without cancer and cardiovascular disease (CVD) were included from the China Kadoorie Biobank study (2004-2018), Dongfeng-Tongji cohort (2008-2018), and Kailuan study (2006-2019). Four behaviors (i.e., smoking, physical activity, diet, body mass index) and three medical factors (i.e., blood pressure, blood glucose, and blood lipid) were classified into poor, intermediate, and ideal levels (0, 1, and 2 points), which constituted 8-point behavioral, 6-point medical, and 14-point ICH scores. Results of Cox regression from three cohorts were pooled using random-effects models of meta-analysis. RESULTS: During about 2 million person-years, 20,176 deaths were recorded. After controlling for demographic characteristics and alcohol drinking, hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) comparing ICH scores of 10-14 vs. 0-6 were 0.52 (0.41-0.67), 0.44 (0.37-0.53), 0.54 (0.45-0.66), and 0.86 (0.64-1.14) for all-cause, CVD, respiratory, and cancer mortality. A higher behavioral or medical score was independently associated with lower all-cause and CVD mortality among the total population and populations with different levels of behavioral or medical health equally, and no interaction was observed. CONCLUSIONS ICH was associated with lower all-cause, CVD, and respiratory mortality among Chinese adults. Both behavioral and medical health should be improved to prevent premature deaths.
Adult ; Humans ; Cardiovascular Diseases/prevention & control* ; East Asian People ; Prospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Smoking