Objective To investigate the safety of novopen needle after repeated uses in order to save the expenses of patients. Methods 60 diabetic patients undergoing insulin therapy were random-ized into the common temperature group and the refrigerated storage group. The novopens were stored at common temperature in a clean and dry place, while the refrigerated storage group was stored in cold clos-et of a refrigerator. Oropharyngeal swab bacterial culture was used to compare the incidence of infection in two groups on the first, third, fifth, and seventh days. Results There was no bacterial growth in either storage condition. Conclusions The novopen needle can be repeatedly used in clinic work.But they must be used individually. Storage at common temperature or in a refrigerater can reach the same effect.

The changes in the levels of IFN-γ and IL-4 in peripheral blood of mice infected with Mycoplasma suis were investigated in the present study, in which BALB/c mice were infected with Mycoplasma suis and the levels of IFN-γ and IL-4 in peripheral blood of mice were determined by means of ELISA assay 3, 5 and 7 days after infection. The results showed that the lower level of IFN-γ and higher level of IL-4 could be demonstrated 3 and 5 days after infection in comparison with those of the control groups respectively(P<0.05, P<0.01), but there was no significant difference in the levels of IFN-γ and IL-4 after 7 days of infection (P>0.05) . It is evident from this result that determination of the levels of IFN-γ and IL-4 in peripheral blood of mice may constitute an additional sero-diagnostic index to infection with M.suis and provide the experimental data for the studies in the serology and immunology of this infection.

Objective To investigate the changes of intestinal blood flow and motility and their effects on intestinal mucosa barrier in rats with acute cerebral ischemia. Methods 64 male Wistar rats were assigned randomly into cerebral ischemia group (n=32) and control group (n=32).The two groups were divided into four subgroups according to timepoints of 6 h,12 h,24 h and 48 h after operation (8 rats for each subgroup).The intestinal mucosa blood flow,intestinal transmit index and endotoxin level in porlal vein were detected.The displacement ratio of E.coli was marked and counted with fluorescent microscope in tissue homogenate from organs. Results The intestinal blood flow in cerebral ischemia group at 6 h,12 h,24 h and 48 h after operation [(34.5±3.2)PU,(22.7±1.9)PU,(26.2±4.3) PU and (30.5± 4.1) PU] were significantly lower than control group[(46.8 ±5.4) PU,(50.1±3.6) PU,(45.4±4.1) PU and (48.7±7.3) PU] (t=2.650,2.875,2.639 and 2.507,all P＜0.05).The intestinal transmit index in cerebral ischemia group at 6 h,12 h,24 h and 48h after operation[(0.59±0.07),(0.48±0.06),(0.50±0.08)and (0.57±0.04)] were decreaesd as compared with control group [(0.73±0.04),(0.75=0.02),(0.74±0.06) and (0.76±0.03)] (t=2.409,2.758,2.649 and 2.807,all P＜0.05). The levels of endotoxin in cerebral ischemia group started to increase at 6 h and arrived to peak at 24 h,and the levels at four timepoints were (0.382 ± 0.014) Eu/ml, (0.466 ± 0.018) Eu/ml,(0.478 ± 0.029) Eu/ml and (0.412±0.036)Eu/ml,respectively,that were higher than those in control group[(0.102±0.007)Eu/ml,(0.114±0.021)Eu/ml,(0.112±0.018)Eu/ml and (0.108±0.011)Eu/ml] (all P＜0.05).The total E.coli detection rates in multiple organs in cerebral ischemia group (11.4％,18.8 ％,25.0％and 12.5％) were higher than in control group (2.1％,4.2％,2.1％ and 0.0％) at four rime points (all P＜0.05). The level of endotoxin was negatively related with the intestinal blood flow and intestinal transmit index( r =- 0.861 and - 0.796,both P＜ 0.05). Conclusions The higher intestinal mucosa blood flow and intestinal motility play important roles in the increase of intestinal mucosa permeability at early stage after acute cerebral ischemia.

Although the new edition of university student management methods has been implemented for several years,many educators and student managers in higher educational institutions are still lack of full grasping and understanding,which led to a series of legal disputes in university students management.Based on many years' experience of university students management,authors discuss the relationship between legal regulations and ethical principles in university students management,analyze the causes of legal disputes,and give out unique suggestions and specific measures in order to provide reference for university students managers.

Objective This study was to investigate correlations between the expression of oncogene c erbB 2 , p16 and nm23H1 and the development of the carcinoma. Methods Immunohistochemical S P method was used to examine the expression of oncogenes in 46 cholangiocarcinoma cases and 13 cases of benign bile duct lesions. The relationship between the expression and clinical pathology was analyzed. Results The positive rate of C erbB 2 in cholangiocarcinoma increased significantly ( P

ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of Yinhuang solution on the bladder mucosal before and/or after mucosal injury.Methods32 SPF female SD rats were randomly divided into 4 groups with 8 rats in each group. Group A was used for the normal control group, group B for the model control group, group C for preventive group, group D for preventive and therapeutic group. Injured rats were created by hydrochloric acid applied on bladder mucosa. After the models were established or before and after the models were established, bladders were perused with Yinhuang solution. Severity of inflammatory infiltration were observed by HE staining, histological score and heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) expressed in the mucosa.ResultsEndoscopic pathological change showed that group B had a large number of inflammatory cell infiltration, significant expansion of capillary, epithelial cell necrosis. Group C had a small amount of expansion of capillary, inflammatory cell infiltration. Group D scattered in expansion of capillary, a small amount of inflammatory cell infiltration. Concerning the results of histological score and HSP70 expression, there was a significant difference between group A and groups B, C or D (P<0.01); there was a significant difference between group B and groups C or D (P<0.01); there was a significant difference between group C and group D (P<0.05).ConclusionYinhuang solution can evidently improve the repair capability of bladder mucosa after injury.

BACKGROUND:Cerebrovascular stent may destroy the vessel walls,which can lead to vascular restenosis.There are different versions about the safety,pathologic pharmacology reasons and clinical effect.OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the safety and short-term effect of endovascular stent implantation for symptomatic artery stenosis.METHODS:Totally 20 patients with total 22 lesions diagnosed symptomatic artery stenosis were treated with endovascular stenting.The vascular stenotic lesions involved middle cerebral artery in 6 cases,internal carotid artery in 6 cases,vertebral artery in 4 cases,basilar artery in 3 cases and vertebro-basilar artery in 3 cases.The length of vascular stenotic lesions was 3-10 mm with the average of 7 mm.Both balloon and self-expandable stents were used in 12 cases with embolus protection device.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:All of the 22 stents in 20 patients were placed successfully in one time.After stent implantation,the vascular angiography showed that the vessels were reformed obviously with the degree of stenosis no more than 20%.The perfusion in cerebrum was improved in parenchymal phase and the symptom was also improved clearly.At 6-24 months follow-up,20 patients never had cerebral ischemia.With follow-up for 12-24 months in 7 patients,digital subtraction angiography displayed that intima hyperplasia was occurred in stent in one patient with no symptom.The stenotic vascular were unobstructed and no intima hyperplasia by transcranial Doppler examinations.The results demonstrated that endovascular stent implantation is a safe and effective treatment for intracranial symptomatic artery stenosis,while its long-term effect needs further study.

Objective:To investigate the effect of anti-CD134 mAb or CTLA4Ig on ConA induced splenic cell proliferation,Th cytokine secretion and production of anti-dsDNA antibody from splenic lymphtocyte in vitro in lupus-prone BXSB mice. Methods:Eighteen male lupus-prone BXSB mice model and 6 syngeneic normal C57BL/6 male mice were used in the experiment. The model mice were divided into three groups:un-treated group,Lupus recipe(LR) treated group and prednisone(pred. ) treated group. The mice's splenic cell suspension from above groups was culture stimulated by ConA respectively. The splenic cells from un-treated model mice were further divided into Anti-GD134L mAb,CTLA4Ig or Anti-CD134L mAb + CTLA4Ig treated subgroups. The ConA induced splenic cell proliferation was measured by MTT colorimetric assay. The levels of IFN-?, IL-6 and anti-dsDNA antibody in cell supernatant were measured by ELISA. Results; (1 )The splenic cell proliferative reaction and contents of IFN-?,IL-6 and anti-dsDNA antibody in cell supernatant of either spontaneous or ConA induced culture in the un-treated model group were obviously higher than that of the normal control or other groups. (2) The splenic cell proliferative reaction and production of IFN-?,IL-6 and anti-dsDNA antibody in the CD134L/CTLA4Ig treated group,LR treated goup or pred. treated group was not different from the normal control significantly. (3)To compared with CD134L treated group or CTLA4Ig treated gruop,the CD134L/CTLA4Ig and prednisone reduced significantly the splenic cell proliferative reaction and production of IFN-?,IL-6 and anti-dsDNA antibody in cell supernatant of either spontaneous or ConA induced culture,while no difference was found between CD134L treated group and CTLA4Ig treated proup. Conclusion:The lupus-prone BXSB mice might present abnormal lymphocyte proliferation,spontaneously express cytokines and secrete high level of autoantibody during the SLE development. LR and corticosteroids could obviously inhibit the abnormal lymphocyte proliferation;reduce the Th cytokine formation and antoantibody production Blockade of CD134-CD134L or B7-CD28 costimulatory pathway by Anti-CD134L rnAb or CT-LA4Ig could inhibit the activation of T cells and B cells like LR and corticosteroids. Furthermore, by blockade of both CD134-CD134L and CD28-B7 pathways,the frequency of alloreactive T cell was markedly reduced and was maintained at low levels so as to treat SLE effectively.

AIM: To investigate the effects of lupus recipe on immune system and lymphocyte subsets proliferation in splenic cells in BXSB mice. METHODS: Eighteen male BXSB mice model was used in the experiment. The model mice were divided into three groups: un-treated model group, lupus recipe (LR) treated group, and prednisone treated group. All model mice were killed in 10 weeks. The control group consisted of 6 syngeneic normal C57BL/6 male mice. The levels of total IgG and anti-dsDNA antibody in serum were detected by ELISA. The percentages of lymphocyte subsets (CD3+, CD4+, CD8+ T lymphocytes and CD19+, CD23+ B lymphocytes) were detected by using flow cytometry analysis. RESULTS: (1) The serum levels of total IgG and anti-dsDNA antibody in un-treated model group were higher than that in other groups. There was no differences among LR treated group, prednisone treated group and control group. (2) The percentages of CD3+, CD4+, CD8+ T lymphocytes and CD19+, CD23+ B lymphocytes in model group were obviously higher than that in normal control. (3) Compared to un-treated model group, the percentages of CD4+, CD8+ T lymphocytes and CD19+, CD23+ B lymphocytes in LR or prednisone treated group were significantly reduced, which closely reached the levels in normal group. CONCLUSIONS: The immune functions of T and B lymphocytes in BXSB mice are up-regulated. LR inhibits the activation of T and B lymphocytes, reduces the serum levels of IgG and auto-antibody production.

Objective: To optimize the preparation technique for bifonazole suppositories and evaluate the quality.Methods: The appearance, hardness and melting time of suppositories were used as the evaluation indices to optimize the process conditions, such as suppository matrix, drug particle size, injection molding temperature and stirring conditions, etc.The content of bifonazole was determined by HPLC.Results: The best formula was as follows: the matrix was multiplicated monofatty glyceride-36, bifonazole was sieved by 100 mesh sieve and the best molding temperature was 45 ℃.The quality of the prepared suppositories with the above conditions was controllable in the appearance, melting time limit, hardness and content determination, etc.Conclusion: The formula of bifonazole suppositories is reasonable, the preparation process is feasible, and the quality control methods are reliable.