Objective To explore the effect of Cx43 protein on improvement of learning and memory ability induced by enriched environment (EE) in rats with traumatic brain injury (TBI). Methods TBI model was made by fluid percussion injury (FPI) in Sprague-Dawley rats. The TBI rats were divided into EE group (A), standard housing (ST) group (B), Cx43 specific antisense oligonucleotides (Cx43 ASODN)+EE group (C) and scrambled sequence ODN+EE group (D) with 6 rats in each group. Another 6 normal rats were taken as the control group. Groups C and D were given hippocampal microinjection of Cx43-ASODN (2 μl/d/rat, 1.5 mmol/L) and ScrbASODN (2 μl/d/ rat, 1.5 mmol/L) respectively. Morris water maze was used to evaluated the learning and memory ability. Results The latency was longer and the traversing times was less in group B than in the control group (P<0.05). The latency was shorter in group A than in group B (P<0.05), and there was no significant difference between group A and the control group (P>0.05) from the 9th day after injury. The traversing times was more in group A than in group B and there was no significant difference between group A and the control group (P>0.05). The latency was longer and the traversing times was less in group C than in group A (P<0.05). Conclusion Cx43 protein may participate in the improvement of the learning and memory ability induced by EE in rats with TBI.

Objective To explore the effect of behavioral training on the differentiation of neural stem cells in the dental gyrus (DG) in rats with hippocampus infarction. Methods Seventy-eight Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized into infarction plus behavior training group, infarction group and control group. Photochemistry method was used to induce hippocampal infarction in rats of the infarction plus behavioral training group and infarc-tion group. At 1 day after surgery, Morris water maze training was used for infarction plus behavioral training group, free-movement without training was performed for infarction group. Double staining immunofluorescence was used to detect the co-expression of bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) with neuronal nuclei ( NeuN ) or glia fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) in the DG at different time points. Results Few BrdU/NeuN and BrdU/GFAP double staining cells were observed in the DG of control rats. In the infarction group and infarction plus behavioral training group the number of BrdU/NeuN and BrdU/GFAP double-stained cells increased in the DG on the opposite side compared with the control group on 14th, 21st, 28th and 35th days after surgery (P < 0.05 ). There observed significantly more BrdU/NeuN and BrdU/GFAP double-stained cells in the infarction plus behavioral training group than that in the infarction group on the 14th, 21st, 28th and 35th days after surgery ( P < 0.05 ). Conclusion Behavioral training can accelerate the differentiation of neural stem cells to neuron and astrocyte, by which to promote the re-covery of neural functions.

Objective To evaluate advantages and disadvantages of different pacing modes of cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT).Methods Twelve dogs with heart failure were performed in every dog at random,and the pacing modes employed in the test included right atrium-different sites of ventricle,and ventricular sites included right ventricular bifocal (RV-Bi),biventricular (Bi-V),left ventricular (LV).The pacing frequency was 180 times per minute,and the results were measured before pacing and after 15 minutes when the pacing became stable in Color Doppler echocardiography,including left ventricular enddiastolic diameter (LVEDd),left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF),interventricular mechanical delay (IVMD),interventricular septum and left ventricular posterior wall motion delay (SPWMD),left ventricular 12-segment peak time standard deviation (Ts-SD).Results (1)Compared with before pacing,at the RV-Bi,Bi-V,and LV pacing modes,LVEDd,IVMD,SPWMD,and Ts-SD decreased,LVEF increased,the difference was statistically significant [(42.42 ± 3.94) mm vs (34.00 ± 4.07) mm,(34.17 ± 3.95)mm,(33.75 ±4.18)mm; (28.08 ±4.01)mm vs (13.00 ±3.64) mm,(11.95 ±2.54)mm,(12.08 ±3.51) mm; (75.00 ± 10.22)mm vs (51.75 ±9.84) mm,(20.66 ±7.41) mm,(20.75 ±7.56) mm; (25.08±4.16)mm vs (14.91 ± 3.31)mm,(7.50 ±4.24) mm,(7.41 ±3.39)mm;(32.91 ±4.46)mm vs (41.50 ±4.16)mm,(42.00 ±4.63) mm,(42.41 ±4.99)mm,P ＜0.05].(2)Compared with RV-Bi pacing mode,at the Bi-V,LV pacing modes,SPWMD and Ts-SD decreased,the difference was statistically significant(P ＜ 0.05); there was no significant difference among LVEDd,IVMD,and LVEF (P ＞0.05).(3)There was no significant difference in LVEDd,IVMD,SPWMD,Ts-SD and LVEF between LV and Bi-V pacing (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions The hemodynamic effects of RV-Bi and LV pacing modes were similar to that of Bi-V pacing,and they can be used as CRT biventricular pacing alternative modes; however,the mechanisms of improving ventricular synchronization are not identical in above pacing modes.

Objective To evaluate effects of right ventricular septal pacing modes on treatment of heart failure.Methods Twelve dogs with heart failure were performed in every dog at random,and the pacing modes employed in the test included right atrium-right ventricular apex (RVA),right atrium-right ventricular septal(RVS),and right atrium-biventricular (Bi-V) ; The pacing frequency was 180 times per minute.The results were measured before pacing and after 15 minutes when the pacing became stable in Color Doppler echocardiography,including left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVEDd),left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF),interventricular mechanical delay (IVMD),interventricular septum and left ventricular posterior wall motion delay (SPWMD),and left ventricular 12-segment peak time standard deviation (Ts-SD).Results Right ventricular septal pacing mode:(1)Compared with parameter before pacing and RVA pacing,LVEDd,IVMD,SPWMD,and Ts-SD decreased and LVEF increased,and the difference was significant(P ＜0.05).(2)Compared with Bi-V pacing,LVEDd,IVMD,and SPWMDandTs-SD increased and LVEF decreased,and the difference was significant (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Right ventricular septal pacing could improve ventricular synchrony and cardiac function partly,and the effect was better than right ventricular apical pacing but less than biventricular pacing,also could not be a alternative models of cardiac resynchronization therapy for heart failure.

Objective To study the activated status of insula during the performance of word generation task, and to explore the function of different part of insula with functional MRI (fMRI). Methods Twenty-eight subjects were recruited in this study (male 15, female 13), all of them underwent block-designed fMRI with word generation tasks and resting-state scan. SPM 5 and REST 1.3 were used to process the data. Bilateral anterior insula and posterior insula were selected as seeds to calculate the connectivity coefficiency with other voxels, and differences between the anterior and the posterior insula were compared. Results Bilateral anterior insula was significantly activated, while bilateral posterior insula was significantly deactivated. The functional connectivity areas with left anterior insula included right anterior insula, right posterior insula, supplementary motor area (SMA), left superior temporal gyrus, left middle frontal gyrus, left superior frontal gyrus, left inferior parietal lobe, middle cingulate gyrus, right striatum and right inferior frontal gyrus. The functional connectivity areas with left posterior insula included right posterior insula, left anterior insula, right superior temporal gyrus, middle cingulate gyrus, right precentral gyrus and right striatum. The functional connectivity areas with right anterior insula included SMA, left inferior frontal gyrus, right inferior parietal lobe, left inferior parietal lobe, left superior temporal gyrus, right precentral gyrus, right striatum, middle cingulate gyrus, left middle frontal gyrus, left striatum, right middle frontal gyrus, right inferior frontal gyrus and left transverse temporal gyrus. The functional connectivity areas with right posterior insula included right precentral gyrus, left superior temporal gyrus, left anterior insula, left posterior insula, right supramarginal gyrus and middle cingulate gyrus. Conclusion Anterior insula and posterior insula are functionally connected with different areas, and concerned with the language function in different manners. Left lateral anterior insula may play an important role in the language function.

OBJECTIVES: The magnesium depletion score (MDS) is considered more reliable than traditional approaches for predicting magnesium deficiency in humans. We explored the associations of MDS and dietary magnesium intake with diabetes. METHODS: We obtained data from 18,853 participants in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2011-2018. Using multivariate regression and stratified analysis, we investigated the relationships of both MDS and magnesium intake with diabetes. To compute prevalence ratios (PRs), we employed modified Poisson or log-binomial regression. We characterized the non-linear association between magnesium intake and diabetes using restricted cubic spline analysis. RESULTS: Participants with MDS ≥2 exhibited a PR of 1.26 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.19 to 1.34) for diabetes. Per-standard deviation (SD) increase in dietary magnesium intake was associated with a lower prevalence of diabetes (PR, 0.91; 95% CI, 0.87 to 0.96). Subgroup analyses revealed a positive association between MDS ≥2 and diabetes across all levels of dietary magnesium intake, including the lowest (PR, 1.35; 95% CI, 1.18 to 1.55), middle (PR, 1.23; 95% CI, 1.12 to 1.35), and highest tertiles (PR, 1.25; 95% CI, 1.13 to 1.37; pinteraction<0.001). Per-SD increase in magnesium intake was associated with lower diabetes prevalence in participants with MDS <2 (PR, 0.92; 95% CI, 0.87 to 0.98) and those with MDS ≥2 (PR, 0.91; 95% CI, 0.84 to 0.98; pinteraction=0.030). CONCLUSIONS MDS is associated with diabetes, particularly among individuals with low magnesium intake. Adequate dietary magnesium intake may reduce diabetes risk, especially in those with high MDS.

Objective To understand the dominant pathogens of febrile respiratory syndrome (FRS) patients in Gansu province and to establish the Bayes discriminant function in order to identify the patients infected with the dominant pathogens.Methods FRS patients were collected in various sentinel hospitals of Gansu province from 2009 to 2015 and the dominant pathogens were determined by describing the composition of pathogenic profile.Significant clinical variables were selected by stepwise discriminant analysis to establish the Bayes discriminant function.Results In the detection of pathogens for FRS,both influenza virus and rhinovirus showed higher positive rates than those caused by other viruses (13.79％,8.63％),that accounting for 54.38％,13.73％ of total viral positive patients.Most frequently detected bacteria would include Streptococcus pneumoniae,and haemophilus influenza (44.41％,18.07％) that accounting for 66.21％ and 24.55％ among the bacterial positive patients.The original-validated rate of discriminant function,established by 11 clinical variables,was 73.1％,with the cross-validated rate as 70.6％.Conclusion Influenza virus,Rhinovirus,Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae were the dominant pathogens of FRS in Gansu province.Results from the Bayes discriminant analysis showed both higher accuracy in the classification of dominant pathogens,and applicative value for FRS.

Objective To observe the effects of vestibular function training and proprioception training on vertigo and balance function after postoperative circulatory ischemia under the visual participation. Methods From June, 2016 to May, 2018, 72 patients with posterior circulation ischemic vertigo aged more than 60 were randomly divided into proprioception group (n = 24), vestibular group (n = 24) and comprehensive group (n = 24). All the patients received routine medicine and rehabilitation training. Moreover, the proprioception group accepted proprioception training, the vestibular group accepted vestibular function training, and the comprehensive group accepted both proprioception training and vestibular function training. They were assessed with Dizziness Assessment Rating Scale (DARS), Dizziness Handicap Inventory (DHI) and Berg Balance Scale (BBS) before and after four weeks of treatment, while the mean velocity (Vm) of blood flow in the basilar artery was measured with transcranial Doppler, and the stability index (ST) was measured with Tetrax. Results The scores of DARS, DHI and BBS, and Vm and ST improved in all the groups after treatment (t > 57.825, P < 0.001). However, the scores of DHI and BBS, and ST improved more in the comprehensive group than in the proprioception group and the vestibular training group (P < 0.05), Vm and score of DARS improved more in the vestibular group and the comprehensive group than in the proprioception group (P < 0.05). Conclusion With the participation of the vision, vestibular function training combined with proprioception training can further alleviate vertigo caused by postoperative circulatory ischemia, and improve balance and quality of life.

Objective: To investigate the incidence and rank of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and pneumoconiosis to the workers in different occupational positions in Jinchang Cohort. Methods: In January 2014, a cohort of follow-up population in jinchang city was taken as the research object, 17843 individuals among follow-up populations in Jinchang Cohort Study, removed the individuals with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and pneumoconiosis before 2013, and counted the new incidence individuals diagnosed by the A-Class hospital in Grade III in Jinchang City, Gansu Province, as the investigation objects to investigate the incidence rate & rank of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and pneumoconiosis. The statistical significance was tested by chi-square test. Results: The 2-year incidence rate of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Pneumoconiosis in the population of Jinchang Cohort Study were 11.60‰, 13.51‰ for male and 8.46‰ for female. the ranks of 2-year incidence rates of chronic bronchitis, emphysema, pneumoconiosis and other phenotypes of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease were 7.06‰、3.42‰、0.84‰、0.34‰, respectively. Incidence rate of chronic bronchitis among administrators and executive staffs were 10.45‰; incidence rate of chronic bronchitis among service staffs were 10.45‰; incidence rate of pneumoconiosis among mining staffs were 3.44‰. Conclusion The first incidence rank of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and pneumoconiosis in Jinchang cohort is chronic bronchitis, and the risk factors are smoking and occupational exposure.