Objective:To analyze the job preference of doctors at township health center ( THC) and provide references for formulating effective policy. Methods:238 cases of doctors were sampled from Shandong, Anhui and Shaanxi provinces. Using a discrete choice experiment, we analyzed the data with a conditional logit model. Results:The most important job attribution was salary, followed by education for children, permanent post, work location, training opportunity, and years before promotion. The OR value of the monthly income of 8 000 yuan is 7. 0 compared to 2 000 yuan. Doctors will pay 3 857 yuan and 3 294 yuan respectively for better education for children and perma-nent posts. Monthly income increasing to 8 000 yuan will reduce the quitting rate from 35% to 8%, and providing better education for children and permanent posts will reduce 5%. The permanent posts at township health center and non-permanent posts in county hospital have the same appeal to the doctor. Conclusion:When choosing a job, doc-tors at THCs valued salary the most. Improving the education level for children can be beneficial for attracting and re-taining doctors at THCs. A permanent post is more attractive to doctors than non-permanent posts at THCs.

Objective To investigate the relationship between proteinuria components and the severity of pregnancy induced hypertension syndrome (PIH), the unconcentrated urine samples from patients with PIH were analyzed on proteinuria components by electrophoresis.Methods Proteinuria components were analyzed by sodium dodecyl sulfate-agarose gel electrophoresis (SDS-AGE) in unconcentrated urine samples from PIH patients (PIH group,n=114) and normal third trimester pregnant women (control group,n=110).Results Eleven kinds of urinary protein were detected in the PIH group and four in the control group. The results showed positive relationship between the urine protein component complexity and the severity of PIH (P

Objective To explore the effects of polymethylmethacrylate(PMMA)-induced autophagy osteoclasts on bone disso-lution animal models ,and study the mechanism of PMMA particle-induced pyrophosphate osteolysis .Methods 30 8-week-old BALB / c mice were randomly divided into two groups ,sterile air with back injection on mice to form airbag and homologous skulls were implanted into experimental group mice were injected with PMMA particles ,the control group were injected with physiological saline .After 14 d ,the mice were killed ,osteoclast activation related gene (RANK / RANKL ) and autophagy morphological exami-nation of the the airbags tissue and the skull were detect .Results The tartrate-resistant enzyme staining (TRAP)-positive osteo-clasts(21 .31 ± 6 .32)s of experiment group is significantly higher than that of the control group (7 .45 ± 3 .23) ,immunohisto-chemistry showed that autophytic protein microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3(LC3) and Beclin 1 antibody staining score level in experimental group was significantly higher than that of control group .RT-PCR showed that the RANK mRNA level(1 .35 ± 0 .05) of experimental group was significantly increased(P< 0 .05) .Conclusion The autophagy induce by PMMA is involved in the formation of osteolysis .

Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use* ; Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors/drug therapy* ; Humans ; Liver ; Liver Neoplasms/drug therapy* ; Lung ; Naphthyridines/therapeutic use* ; Urea/analogs & derivatives*

BACKGROUND:In recent years,it has been shown in studies that regulation of the expression of Has1 is very important to maintain neural stem cells and regulate its differentiation during the development of embryonic nervous system.Moreover,upregulation of Hes1 expression is required for quiescent adult flbroblasts resuming proliferation.This indicates that there is a close relationship between Hes1 and some potential stem cells in adult.Therefore,the study of Hes1 expression in neural stem cells and its relationship with adult neurogenasis is put on the agenda.However,the expression of Hes1 in adult brain is still not clear.OBJECTIVE:To observe the expression of Hea1 in adult mouse brain and the cell types of Has1 positive cells.METHODS:Totally 12 adult male C57BL/6 mice were randomly evenly divided into two groups by using the random number table.For the first group,the mouse brain was removed directly and immunohistochemical staining was used to detect the expression of Has1 in the adult mouse brain.For the second group,Brdu was injected intraperitoneally to every mouse with a dosage of 200 mg/kg,once a day,for 3 days.The mouse brain was removed at 4 days and then double staining was carded out to observe and analysis the cell types of Hes1 positive cells in hippocampus.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Hes1 was expressed in all the observed anatomical site where neural cells exist,Brdu positive cells nearly all expressed Hea1,NeuN positive cells all expressed Has1,whereas GFAP positive cells did not express Hes1 completely.Hes1 was expressed in all neurons and neural stem cells,and glial cells did not express Hes1.

To explore the effect of Kudiezi injection on renal function in the real world, in order to provide the basis for the clinical medication safety. Patient aged between 18-80 were selected from 18 large hospitals information system (HIS) databases established by clinical research institute for basic traditional Chinese medicine of China academy of Chinese medical sciences. The patients who were treated with Kudiezi injection (24 225 cases) were defined as the exposed group, whereas those who were not treated with Kudiezi injection (14,191 cases) were defined as the non-exposed group. The propensity score method was used to balance the confounding factors. Classic logistic regression, GBM weighted propensity score logistic regression, GBM propensity score weighted logistic regression with covariate and sensitivity analysis were adopted to study the effect of Kudiezi injection on renal function. The results showed no significant difference in the possibility in abnormality in serum creatinine (Scr) (P = 0.940, 0.679, 0.834) and urea nitrogen (BUN) (P = 0, 0.045, 0.164) between both groups. Therefore, the existing data indicated no damage of Kudiezi injection on renal function. Because this study is a retrospective study based on the real world, there may be unknown confounding factors and potential bias. Therefore, further studies shall be conducted to monitor whether Kudiezi injection causes damage on renal function, in order to ensure the clinical medication safety.
Blood Urea Nitrogen ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; adverse effects ; Hospital Information Systems ; Humans ; Injections ; Kidney ; drug effects ; physiology ; Kidney Function Tests ; Logistic Models ; Propensity Score ; Retrospective Studies

In order to study the analgesic effect of Shaoyao Gancao Decoction, this paper discussed material basis and mechanism from the perspective of macromolecules in traditional Chinese medicine. Inspired by the phenomenon of turbidity after boiling Chinese medicine, this experiment took Shaoyao Gancao Decoction as the research object to study the formation process of precipitation during boiling. The results showed that aggregates with a certain shape were formed in the solvent during the boiling process, and the precipitate was obtained by standing and centrifuging. Analysis found that the precipitation was mainly composed of small molecules such as paeoniflorin, albiflorin, liquiritin, glycyrrhizic acid, isoliquiritin and gallic acid, and macromolecules such as protein and polysaccharide. The composition of precipitate was consistent with that of Shaoyao Gancao Decoction, but the analgesic effect of Shaoyao Gancao Decoction after removing the precipitate was significantly reduced. Based on these results, we isolated small molecular compounds, polysaccharides and protein from Shaoyao Gancao Decoction and their contents are 60.4, 700.7 and 207.2 mg·g^-1 respectively. We get the ratio, polysaccharide: small molecule = 11.6∶1, protein: small molecule = 3.4∶1, the precipitate is prepared in the state of boiling. The characterization results showed that the particle size of the precipitate will change significantly after co-heating, and the content determination results showed that the content of the six small molecular compounds which was free in solvent was significantly reduced after the formation of the precipitate. The acetic acid writhing experiment proved that the precipitate has a good analgesic effect, and effectively reduced the levels of inflammatory factors prostaglandin E2 and nitric oxide, and increased the level of anti-inflammatory factor interleukin-10. These results proved that the precipitate in Shaoyao Gancao Decoction is an important material basis for analgesic effect, and macromolecules such as protein and polysaccharide are the main components of the precipitate. The study of macromolecules in the precipitate of Shaoyao Gancao Decoction not only provides new ideas and methods for elucidating the pharmacodynamic material basis of Shaoyao Gancao Decoction, but also provides a reference for analyzing the scientificity of traditional decoction.

Objective:To describe the current situation in the nursing practice and their turnover intention in township health centers, and to analyze the changing potential influence in the nursing practice scope and workloads on their intention to leave those health centers. Methods:By means of a questionnaire, we conducted a survey on 167 nurses and interviewed 44 of them, all from 45 township hospitals within three provinces in China. Results:Since the healthcare system reform, the nursing workload in the township health centers significantly increased. 62% of the re-spondents considered their workload as heavy. Typically, the nursing work accounted for about 60% and the public health service work accounted for only 21% of the working hours. About 30% of the respondents were intended to leave their current job. The participating public health service was associated with intention to leave the job after con-trolling the province, workload, marital status, formal position, educational level and length of nursing service (P<0. 05). Conclusions:Since the healthcare system reform, the nursing practice scope in township health centers has been expanded and the workload increased considerably. But so far, expanding the scope of the nursing work may have potentials in reducing the intention of nurses to leave their current positions.

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This paper investigates the main problems existing in research-type key lab construction in higher schools.Based on the investigation,countermeasures are proposed also.