Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; genetics ; metabolism ; Head and Neck Neoplasms ; genetics ; metabolism ; Humans ; MicroRNAs ; genetics ; metabolism

Objective To study the effects of transient cerebral ischemic reperfusion(IR) and flunarizine on the expression of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1(PAI-1) protein in brain tissue of gerbils.Methods A cerebral transient ischemic-reperfusion model in gerbils was established by clamping both common carotid.The gerbils were fed with flunarizine before experiment in flunarizine treatment group.The expression of PAI-1 protein in brain tissue was detected by immunohistochemistry technique at the 1,3 and 7 days after IR.Results There was slight expression of PAI-1 protein in the brain tissue of gerbils in the normal control group and sham operation group.Compared with normal control group,the expression of PAI-1 protein in neurons and gliacytes of ischemic gerbils was evidently increased at the 1,3 and 7 days in the cerebral ischemia group(all P

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of Xiaoyao Powder (XP) and its compatible prescriptions on the ethology, morphology, and activities of neurotransmitters, thus exploring their effects and mechanism in preventing and treating D-galactose induced Alzheimer's disease (AD) model mice, and clarifying the compatibility mechanism for soothing Gan, nourishing blood, and invigorating Pi.

METHODSSixty SPF mice were randomly divided into the blank control group, the model group, and the XP group, Shugan Jianpi group (SJ), Shugan Yangxue group (SY), and Jianpi Yangxue group (JY), 10 in each group.The AD mouse model was prepared by peritoneal injecting D-galactose. Meanwhile, mice in the blank control group and the model group were administered with physiological saline (at the daily dose of 24 mL/kg) by gastrogavage. Mice in the XP group (2.485 g/kg), the SY group (1.136 g/kg), the SJ group (1.775 g/kg), and the JY group (2.059 g/kg) were administered with corresponding medicated decoction by gastrogavage, with the gastric volume of 24 mL/kg. On the 41st day the training of capability for learning and memory was started. On the 42nd day capability for learning and memory was tested. The brain tissue was cut. One half was used to determine the contents of homogenate acetyl cholinesterase (AchE), choline acetyltransferase (ChAT), and monoamine oxidase (MAO).Another half was used to carry out morphological observations.

RESULTSThe capability for learning and memory could be improved and the latency time could be lowered in all the treatment groups. Besides, the homogenate AchE and MAO could also be elevated, ChAT could be lowered; the morphology, number, and distribution of neurons could be improved. But the improvement of ethology, morphology, and activities of neurotransmitters were most obviously seen in the XP group.

CONCLUSIONSXP could improve the ethology, morphology, and activities of neurotransmitters, and showed better effects on prevention and treatment of AD. The rationality of compatibility methods and combination thinking ways of soothing Gan, nourishing blood, and invigorating Pi were clarified.

Alzheimer Disease ; metabolism ; psychology ; Animals ; Behavior, Animal ; Disease Models, Animal ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Female ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred Strains ; Neurotransmitter Agents ; metabolism

AIM To develop the quality control methods for Yixuning Tablet (Fructus Lycii,Radix Polygoni Multiflori Preparata,Radix Codonopsis,etc.) METHODS RP-HPLC was performed for the assay of 2,3,5,4′-tetrahydroxy-stilbene-2-O-?-D-glycoside.TLC was used to identify Fructus Lycii,Radix Polygoni Multiflori,and Radix Angelicae Sinensis. RESULTS The good linearity was within the range of 20-180 ?g?mL -1 ( r = 0.999 9 ).The average recovery was 99.0 % ( RSD was 2.8 T《B》 % ).TLC methods were special. CONCLUSION The method is convenient,accurate and sensitive.and suitable for the quality control of the preparation.

Objective To investigate the estrogen-like effects of Epimedium extractive.Methods By using the uterus growth test in mice and test of MCF-7 proliferation and adding estrogen receptor antagonist Icariin,we evaluated the estrogenic effects of Epimedium and Icariin and the possible mechanism.Results Epimedium and Icariin increased significantly the uterus coefficient in mice from 0.097?0.008 to 0.156?0.018 and 0.152?0.016,respectively;the weight increased significantly from(18.9?1.3)g to(19.8?1.3)g and(20.03?1.3)g(P

Objective To investigate the effects of the rat serum with chronic renal failure (CRF) on ubiquitin-proteasome pathway,histone acetyltransferase p300 and activation of activating transcription factor 4(ATF4) of rat arterial vascular smooth muscle cells(VSMCs) cultured in vitro,and explore the possible mechanism.Methods To establish the rat model of CRF by 5/6 nephrectomy,VSMCs were incubated in the media with the 10％ of CRF serum or control serum in vitro.The mRNA expressions of ubiquitin(Ub),ubiquitin activating enzyme(E1),ubiquitin ligases enzymes (β-transducin repeat containing protein 1,β-TrCP1),p300 and ATF4 in the rat VSMCs were examined by using realtime PCR.Expressions of E1,β-TrCP1,p300 and ATF4 proteins in response to the CRF serum in VSMCs were determined by Western blotting analysis.The enzyme activities of 20S proteasomes in the total protein were examined by using three special fluorogenic peptide substrates.Results The CRF serum significantly promoted the mRNA expressions of Ub,E1,β-TrCP1,p300 and ATF4 in VSMCs in a time dependent manner.Compared with that in control serum group,the mRNA levels of Ub,E1,β-TrCP1,p300 and ATF4 in CRF serum group increased significantly (P ＜ 0.01).The CRF serum also increased the protein expressions of E1,β-TrCP1 and p300 in a time dependent manner.The expression of ATF4 was decreased,but the difference was not significant (P ＞ 0.05).Compared with that in control serum group,the protein expressions of E1,β-TrCP1,p300 and ATF4 in CRF serum group increased significantly (P ＜ 0.01).The activities of 20S proteasomes in the CRF serum group were significantly increased in a time dependent manner.Compared with that in control serum group,the activities of 20S proteasomes in the CRF serum group increased significantly (P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions The serum of CRF rat can effectively active the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway,but ATF4 ubiquitinylated degradation is blocked.The latter may be associated with increased expression of p300.

Objective To explore the changes of Clara cell secretory protein(CCSP) in asthmatic children and the effects of inhaling glucocorticoid (ICS) on CCSP.Methods Sixty children with asthma were selected as asthma group(in which 39 cases were male and 21 cases were female,aged 3-12 years old) and 30 healthy children were selected as healthy control group(in which 20 cases were male and 10 cases were female,aged 3-12 years old).Venous blood samples were collected in asthma group and healthy control group in morning before breakfast,and then sera were obtained by centrifuge in speed of 1 500 r?min-1 in 10 min.The dynamic levels of CCSP were measured in sera by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Results 1.In asthmatic children,the CCSP levels in acute episode,3 months after ICS,6 months after ICS, and 12 months after ICS[(5.140?2.331)?g?L-1,(8.730?3.392)?g?L-1,(10.510?2.813)?g?L-1]were all lower than that in healthy control group[(13.230?4.010)?g?L-1](Pa0.05).2.Compared with acute episode,the patients who ICS for 3 months,6 months and 12 months had significantly higher levels of CCSP (Pa0.05).Conclusions CCSP may play a protective role in the airway inflammation of asthma.Glucocorticoid may increase CCSP level in asthmatic children.Glucocorticoid and CCSP may cooperate in anti-inflammation in airway of asthmatic children.

The plasma levels of inflammatory cytokine interleukin-6 (IL-6) and anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-10 (IL-10) in the patients with unstable angina or stable angina were determined and compared. In 30 patients with unstable angina and 22 patients with stable angina, plasma levels of IL-10 and IL-6 were detected by ELISA and plasma lipid parameters by lipid research clinical methods respectively. The results showed plasma levels of IL-10 were significantly lower in unstable angina group than in stable angina group (P = 0.005), while those of IL-6 were significantly increased in unstable angina group as compared with those in stable angina group (P = 0.039). There was a significantly negative correlation between IL-10 and IL-6 in patients with unstable angina (r = -0.41, P = 0.003). In the unstable angina group, IL-6 levels were obviously positively correlated with TC (r = 0.314, P = 0.023), but not with TG and HDL. There were no significant correlations between IL-10 and plasma lipid parameters. It was suggested that the decreased IL-10 and increased IL-6 might be associated with the atheromatous plaque stability and progression of coronary heart diseases. IL-10 may play an important role in preventing coronary vascular lesions.
Angina, Unstable/*blood ; Interleukin-10/*blood ; Interleukin-6/*blood

Background Compare with the lamellar laser refractive surgery,the laser slip on the surface operation is a better method in the correct of refractive error without the flap-related complications.However,whether to remain corneal epithelial flap and its influence for epithelial healing and visual restoration are still under investigation.Objective The aim of this study was to compare the short-term clinical efficacy of epipolis laser insitu keratomileusis (Epi-LASIK) and flap-free Epi-LASIK for correction of refractive error in high myopia.Methods The paired control design was adopted.Sixty eyes of consecutive 30 patients with high myopia were collected in this study.The written consent form was obtained from each patients prior to operation.Regular EpiLASIK was performed in the right eyes and the flap-free Epi-LASIK was carried out in the left eyes.Patients were followed-up for one month.The postoperative ocular irritation symptoms were scored,and the healing period of corneal epithelium and uncorrected visual acuity were examined at 1,3 and 5 days after operation.The naked visual acuity,diopter,best corrected visual acuity and the grading of haze were recorded and compared between the two groups at one month after operation.Results After surgery,the scores of corneal irritation were 3.13 ±0.43 and 3.30±0.47on the first day,showing insignificant differences between these two groups (t =- 1.54,P＞0.05 ).However,there existed statistically significant difference in the scores of corneal irritation on the third day after operation between the two groups (t =- 17.95,P＜0.01 ).The average time of corneal epithelial healing were (2.58 ±0.49 ) days in the flapfree Epi-LASIK group and ( 3.98 ±0.74) days in Epi-LASIK group with the significant difference between them (t=-11.36,P＜0.01 ).There was no statistical difference in uncorrected visual acuity in the first day (0.59±0.12 vs 0.58±0.11,t=0.39,P＞0.05),the fifth day (0.69±0.08 vs 0.67±0.09,t=0.84,P＞0.05) and 1 month (t =-1.90,P＞0.05 ).No significant difference was seen in the diopter between the two groups in 1 month after surgery (-1.03±0.45 vs -1.07 ±0.38,t =-0.31,P＞0.05 ).The eye numbers of corneal haze for 0 grade were 27 ( 90.00％ ) and over the 0.5 grade were 3 ( 10.00％ ) in flap-free Epi-LASIK group respectively,and those of corneal haze for 0 grade were 26(86.66％ ) and above the 0.5 grade were 4 (13.33％) in Epi-LASIK group respectively,showing a considerably difference between the two groups (x2 =0.0031,P＞0.05).Conclusions Both the flapfree or reserved epithelial Epi-LASIK allow the safe and effective correction of refractive error in high myopia,showing good predictability and stability in short term.Flap-free Epi-LASIK can relieve the corneal irritation symptom and accelerate the healing of corneal epithelium and recovery of visual acuity.