Objective To develop a software through which transfusion labels can be created and printed automatically based on No.1 Military Medical Project,in order to resolve the problems of time-and-labor-consuming and errors due to transcription. Methods Based on No.1 Military Medical Project,the software of creating and printing transfusion labels was developed using PB computer programming language. Results The software can effectively avoid the errors due to copying transfusion labels by hand and save much time and effort. It optimizes nurses' working procedure. Conclusion The software is very practical for all the hospitals using the No.1 Military Medical Project.

Objective To demonstrate the diffusion tensor imaging(DTI)characteristics of multiple sclerosis(MS)plaques,periplaque white matter regions and normal appearing white matter (NAWM)regions in patients with MS,and to evaluate the clinical values of DTI and three-dimensional brain fiber tracking for the diagnosis of MS.Methods Conventional MRI and DTI were performed in 32 patients with MS and 32 age-matched control subjects.Fractional anisotropy(FA)and apparent diffusion coefficient(ADC)maps were generated and coregistered with T_2-weighted MR images,FA and ADC values were calculated in regions of interest in plaques,periplaque white matter regions,NAWM regions and white matter regions in control subjects.And three-dimensional brain fiber tracking maps were generated by using the DTI.Results TheADCwas(1.233?0.119)?10~(-3)mm~2/s in MS plaques,(0.973?0.098)?10~(-3) mm~2/s in periplaque white matter regions,(0.748?0.089)?10~(-3)mm~2/s in NAWM,and(0.620? 0.094)?10~(-3)mm~2/s in control subjects.The FA was 0.225?0.052 in MS plaques,0.311?0.050 in perip]aque white matter regions,0.421?0.070 in NAWM,and 0.476?0.069 in control subjects. Significant differences in FA and ADC values were observed among all white matter regions(P

Objective To explore the diagnostic value of two-dimensional speckle tracking technology in the evaluation of right ventricular systolic function in patients with pulmonary disease .Methods Thirty patients with pulmonary heart disease were divided into two groups:group of compensated pulmonary heart disease(compensated group ) (n =15),group of decompensated pulmonary heart disease (decompensated group)( n =15).30 healthy subjects were enrolled in control group .The displacement of the tricuspid annulus at the midpoint(TADmid),the displacement of the tricuspid annulus at the free wall (TADfre) and the displacement of the tricuspid annulus at the septum (TADsep) were acquired,and simultaneous real-time three-dimensional ultrasound detection of right ventricular ejection fraction (RVEF) were taken.The correlation of TADmid with RVEF and pulmonary artery systolic pressure ( PASP) were analyzed.Results TADmid of the healthy control group,the compensated group and the decompensated group were(17.1 ±3.9)mm, (13.6 ±2.6)mm,and(9.5 ±3.2)mm respectively.TADfre were(21.1 ±3.0)mm,(17.6 ±4.2)mm,and (11.5 ±3.8) mm respectively.TADsep were(12.0 ±2.5) mm,(9.7 ±3.3) mm,and(7.4 ±2.7) mm respectively.RVEF were(56.3 ±8.2)%,(39.6 ±6.4)%,and(28.1 ±5.9)% respectively.PASP were (20.6 ±2.6) mm Hg (1 mm Hg =0.133 kPa), (63.3 ±5.6) mm Hg, and (82.5 ±11.2)mm Hg respectively.There were significant differences of TADmid , RVEF, and PASP among the 3 groups ( F =8.581,7.816,9.300,6.507,10.235, all P <0.05).TADfre, TADmid, TADsep and RVEF were all decreased in the compensated group comparing to the healthy control group ,while PASP was increased.The decrease of TADmid was the most significant ,while that of TADfre was the slightest .There were significant differences of TADfre,TADmid,TADsep,RVEF and PASP between the 2 groups(t=2.703,2.536,2.379, 2.817,3.026,all P<0.05).TADfre,TADmid,TADsep and RVEF of decompensated group reduced more significantly than the compensated group , while PASP was increased significantly .There were significant differences of TADfre,TADmid,TADsep,RVEF and PASP between the 2 groups(t=2.519,2.493,2.236, 2.621,2.985,all P<0.05);TADfre and TADmid were decreased more apparently in decompensated group than that in compensated group ,and so were TADsep and RVEF,while PASP were increased.There were significant differences of TADfre,TADmid,TADsep,RVEF and PASP between the 2 groups (t =1.947, 2.680,2.016,2.653,2.893,all P<0.05).There was significant positive correlation between TADmid and RVEF measured by real-time three-dimensional ultrasound (r =0.904,P <0.01 ).There was significant negative correlation between TADmid and PASP (r=-0.686,P<0.01).The cut-off point value of TADmid measured by speckle tracking technology for evaluation of RVEF <45% and<30% were 13.65 mm and 9.80 mm,respectively.The sensitivity were 94.4%and 90.0%respectively,and the specificity were 78.6%and 90.0%respectively.Conclusions TADmid is hardly affected by the external factors ,and it can better reflect the changes of right ventricular systolic function for patients with pulmonary heart disease .TADmid is positively correlated with RVEF measured by real-time three-dimensional ultrasound and negatively correlated with PASP.Further more,the correlations is significant.The three parameters can authenticate mutually ,and the combination of them can evaluate the right ventricular systolic function in patients with pulmonary heart disease precisely.

BACKGROUNDRecent autopsy study showed a high incidence of cerebrovascular lesions in Alzheimer's disease (AD). To assess the impact of cerebrovascular pathology in AD, we used diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) to study AD patients with and without cerebrovascular lesions.

MATERIALS AND METHODSConventional and DTI scans were obtained from 10 patients with probable AD, 10 AD/V patients (probable AD with cerebrovascular lesions) and ten normal controls. Mean diffusivity (D) and fractional anisotropy (FA) values of some structures involved with AD pathology were measured.

RESULTSD value was higher in AD patients than in controls in hippocampus and the cingulate gyrus. In AD/V patients, increased D value was found in the same structures and also in the thalamus and basal ganglia compared to controls. There was a significant difference of D value between AD and AD/V patients. FA value reduced in the white matter of left inferior temporal gyrus and in the bilateral middle cingulate gyrus in patients with AD/V compared with controls. The MMSE (mini-mental state examination) score significantly correlated with FA value in the right hippocampus (r=0.639, P<0.019), in the right anterior cingulate gyrus (r=0.587, P<0.035) and in left parahippocampal gyrus (r=0.559, P<0.047).

CONCLUSIONCerebrovascular pathology had stronger impact on the D value than the AD pathology alone did. Elevated D value in thalamic and basal ganglia may contribute to cognitive decline in AD/V patients. Reduced FA values in AD/V patients may indicate that cerebrovascular pathology induced more severe white matter damage than the AD pathology alone did.

Aged ; Alzheimer Disease ; complications ; pathology ; Brain ; blood supply ; pathology ; Cerebral Cortex ; pathology ; Cerebrovascular Disorders ; complications ; pathology ; Cognition ; Corpus Callosum ; pathology ; Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Female ; Hippocampus ; pathology ; Humans ; Male ; Temporal Lobe ; pathology

OBJECTIVETo investigate the value of diffusion tenser image (DTI) in identifying subtle abnormalities in the corpus callosum and bilateral middle cerebellar peduncles in patients with the initial onset of schizophrenia.

METHODSTwenty patients with the first episode of schizophrenia and 18 healthy subjects were examined by DTI. Fractional anisotropy (FA) and averaged diffusion coefficient (ADC) were measured in the bilateral middle cerebellar peduncles, genu and splenium of the corpus callosum. Independent-sample t test was used to compare the value of FA and ADC between the two groups.

RESULTThe FA of the bilateral middle cerebellar peduncles was significantly lower in the schizophrenic patients than in the healthy subjects (P<0.05), but that in the genu and splenium of the corpus callosum were comparable between the two groups (P>0.05). The ADC values showed no significant difference in all the above regions between the two groups (P>0.05).

CONCLUSIONSubtle abnormal changes occur in the cerebrum-cerebellumto circuit in schizophrenic patients, and may trigger the onset of the symptoms in the early stages of schizophrenia.

Adult ; Cerebellum ; pathology ; Corpus Callosum ; pathology ; Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Female ; Humans ; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Schizophrenia ; pathology

OBJECTIVETo study the condition of economic burden of disease in the countryside and to explore the related factors.

METHODSHuman capital method and two-step method were used in the calculation of economic burden of disease.

RESULTSThe total economic burden of disease among 3359 persons was 3072 225 Yuan. Noncommunicable conditions were accounted for 62.95%, while communicable disease, maternal and perinatal conditions accounted for 24.25%, and injury accounted for 9.83% respectively. The direct economic burden of disease was 1,559,619 Yuan and the indirect economic burden of disease was 1,472,606 Yuan. The economic burden of disease for each person was 914 Yuan. The equal burden of disease among patients with disability and without disability were 3070 Yuan and 680 Yuan respectively (P < 0.001). There was significant difference among different age groups. The influencing factors were found to include having noncommunicable disease, age, disability and the condition of marriage.

CONCLUSIONCorresponding policy to cope with conditions of different age groups needs to be developed to reduce the economic burden of disease in the countryside.

Absenteeism ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Cardiovascular Diseases ; economics ; epidemiology ; Cerebrovascular Disorders ; economics ; epidemiology ; Child ; China ; epidemiology ; Chronic Disease ; economics ; epidemiology ; Communicable Diseases ; economics ; epidemiology ; Cost of Illness ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Rural Health

OBJECTIVETo create an externally-applied TCD plaster (Laosun Yutie plaster) for the lumbar muscle strain (LMS).

METHOD(1) The raw material such as angelica, safflower, frankincense, myrrh, clove and so on were turned into solid TCD plaster by a serial of modern treatment technology-distillation, extraction, condense, dehydration. Meanwhile, the naphtha from the distillation process and borneol were dissolved into ethanol solution and the dilution was thus made; (2) The solid TCD plaster and the dilution from the aboved-mentioned process were put together to form the TCD plaster and the corresponding safety experiments were applied to rabits' skin.

RESULTThe experimental results showed that it is neither of urgent toxicity, stimulary function, nor of allergy-inducing response.

CONCLUSIONThe laosun Yutie plaster was a newly externally-applied TCD plaster which could be used safely and handily.

Administration, Cutaneous ; Animals ; Drug Combinations ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; isolation & purification ; toxicity ; Exanthema ; chemically induced ; Female ; Guinea Pigs ; Hypersensitivity ; etiology ; Male ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Rabbits ; Skin Irritancy Tests

Objective To analyze the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features of spinal epidural angiolipoma to improve the diagnostic accuracy of this tumor. Methods The MRI findings in 2 patients with histopathologically confirmed spinal extradural angiolipoma were analyzed retrospectively. Results In both of the cases, the tumors were located in the extradural space of the thoracic intraspinal canal. The spindle-shaped tumor mass extended parallel to the longitudinal axis of the spine. The lesions presented with fat and vascular signal features. One of the tumors grew through the intervertebral foramen with a dumbbell appearance, invading the adjacent diaphragma, vertebral body, pedicle of the vertebral arch and the spinous process. The other tumor consisted of some tortuous and dilated blood vessels with flow void signals. Conclusion Spinal epidural angiolipoma presents characteristic features on MRI, which is considered the best diagnostic modality for this tumor.

Objective To study the quantitative fiber tractography variations and 3D simulation patterns in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS),and assess the correlation between quantitative fiber tractography and scores of expanded disability status scale (EDSS).Methods MR diffusion tensor imaging was applied in 28 MS patients and 28 age-matched healthy volunteers.Then,quantitative tractography was generated in all subjects; and mean numbers of tracked lines and fiber density were measured.Paired-samples t tests were used to compare tracked lines and fiber density in MS patients with those in controls.Analysis of variance of ADC value and FA value was applied to MS patients having demyelinating plaque and normal appearing white matter,and controls.Linear regression model was used to determine the relationship between quantitative fiber tractography and scores of EDSS in MS patients.Results Tractography's tracked lines (2220±100) and fiber density (0.75±0.04) in MS patients were less than those in controls (2750±70) and (0.93±0.02,P＜0.05).In MS patients having plaque and normal appearing white matter,and controls,the ADC values of ROI were (1.23±0.13)× 10-3 mm2/s,(0.76±0.09)×10-3 mm2/s and (0.63±0.10)×10-3 mm2/s,respectively,with a gradual declined trend; and the FA values were 0.24±0.04,0.42±0.07 and 0.48±0.06,respectively,with a gradual increased trend; significant differences were noted between each 2 groups (P＜0.05).Both tracked lines and fiber density were found negative correlations with scores of EDSS in MS patients (P＜0.05).Conclusion Damages of white matter tracts in MS patients can be detected by diffusion tensor fiber tractography,and it provide more space information than conventional MRI.

Xanthium strumarium is a common Chinese medicine used for the treatment of "Bi Yuan",it mainly contains water-soluble glycosides,sesquiterpene lactones,essential oils,fatty oils,phenolic acids and other compounds,its pharmacology contains hypoglycemic,antianaphylaxis,anti-microbial,anti-inflammatory,analgesia and anti-tumor.This article summarized the chemical composition and pharmacological effects of Xanthium strumarium in order to provide reference for later study.