Objective To develop a new,rapid and easy method for species identification of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex(MTBC).Methods Seven sets of primers(Mtbc1-7) for MTBC were used to amplify the genomic DNA from the reference strains and 96 clinical isolates.Results The specificities of 7 sets of primers were identified by PCR with 3 MTBC reference strains,9 non-mycobacterium reference strains and 27 non-tuberculosis mycobacterium(NTM) reference strains. The results showed that mycobacterium and non-mycobacterium were identified by Mtbc1;NTM and MTBC by Mtbc2;M.microti by Mtbc3;M.bovis and M.bovis BCG by Mtbc4;M.africanum subtypeI and M.tuberculosis by Mtbc5;M.bovis BCG by Mtbc4 and Mtbc6 together;M.canettii by Mtbc5 and Mtbc7 together.Of 96 clinical isolates,20 MOTT,3 M.microti,1 M.bovis,1 M.bovis BCG,3 M.africanum subtypeⅠ,1 M.caprae,3 M.canettii,64 M.africanum subtypeⅡ and M.tuberculosis were identified.Conclusion PCR is a rapid and effective method for the species identification of MTBC,and can be used for molecular epidemiology.

Objective: To analyse the character of HIV1 Clade B Nef specific CD8~(+)T cell inter-clade cross-reactivity to clade B and C antigen in Chinese population. Methods: PBMC from 51 HIV-1 Clade B infected donors were separated by Ficoll-Hypaque density gradient centrifugation.HIV-1 Nef specific CD8~(+)T cell responses were analyzed by gamma interferon(IFN-?) enzyme-linked immunospot(ELISpot) assay using 54 synthetic peptides spanning all HIV-1B and C Nef proteins. Results:(82.9%)(29/35)of the individuals who had the Nef specific CD8~(+)T cell responses could recognize both Clade B and Clade C peptides.There was no significant difference between the two Clades on number of the recognized peptides and magnitude of the responses(P=0.529,P=0.754).70.4% Nef peptides either of Clade B or of Clade C could be recognized by HIV-1 B Nef specific CD8~(+)T cell.The sequence homology of peptides which could be cross-recognized was significantly higher than that of peptides which could be single-recognized. Conclusion: There are broadly cross-reactive T cells in HIV-1 Clade B infected individuals which can recognize both Clade B and Clade C Nef antigen.These cross-reactive T cells recognize peptides with higher inter-clade homology.

JAK/STAT is a central signaling pathway activated by cytokines binding with their respective receptors which can regulate cell proliferation,differentiation and apoptosis.Recent studies have suggested that abnormal signaling pathway with gene mutation and dysregulation plays an important role in the pathogenesis and progression of acute leukemia.The investigation of this pathway may provide novel target for therapies of acute leukemia.

The architecture and environment of hospital are closely linked with the health of patients,which are of important ethical meaning.The layout,ward,waiting room,planting and decoration of a hospital should be centered on patients-oriented value to promote people's health.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze Technical Barriers to Trade(TBT) of herbal medicines in European Union(EU) und-er The Directive 2004/24/EC and to provide thoughts for the export of traditional Chinese medicines(TCM).METHODS: TheTBT set by European Medicines Evaluation Agency (EMEA) was discussed from aspects of the simplification of restrictions on application, technical standard specifications and authentication system, and documents for registration etc, and some suggestions for the export of TCM were put forward. RESULTS & CONCLUSION: Firstly, Chinese government should strengthen the communication and cooperation with European governments. Secondly, more advanced TCM quality specification should be set up. Thirdly we need to seek for support through multinational investment. Finally we should set up some information consultancy agents and to get access to information related to TBT.

Objective To explore the subjective global assessment (SGA) to evaluate the nutritional status of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD). Methods Patients with stable COPD (n=122) were included and divid?ed into three groups base on their SGA scores:SGA-A (n=21), SGA-B (n=57), SGA-C (n=44). Nutritional status of all pa?tients was assessed by SGA. Anthropometric measurement, biochemical test, pulmonary function test, COPD assessment test (CAT) and shuttle walking test (SWT) were studied between all three groups to search statistical significance and correlation with SGA. Results Body mass index(BMI), arm muscle circumference (AMC) and forced expiratory volume in the first sec?ond%of predicted (FEV1%Pred) were all lower in SGA-B and SGA-C than those in SGA-A(P<0.05),there were no statis?tical differences of these parameters between SGA-B and SGA-C. Triceps skin fold (TSF) was lower in SGA-C than that in SGA-B than that in SGA-A, while CAT score is the reverse order (P<0.05). The walking distance of incremental shuttle walking test (ISWI) and the endurance time of endurance shuttle walking test (ESWI) were lower in SGA-C than that in SGA-A (P<0.05). There were no statistical differences of forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1)/forced vital ca?pacity(FVC), biochemical parameters between all three groups. SGA scores correlated positively with CAT and negatively with anthropometric parameters, FEV1%Pred and SWT (P<0.05). However no correlations was deduced between SGA scores with FEV1/FVC and biochemical parameters. Conclusion SGA scores correlated with anthropometric parameters, FEV1%Pred, CAT and SWT. SGA is an effective method to assess the nutritional status in patients with stable COPD.

A new type of amperometric immunosensor for the determination of naphthalene based on self-assemble) layer-by-layer technique was reported. The preparation procedure of such a sensor was characterized and the operation conditions, such as the pH value of supporting solution, incubated temperature and time were studied by cyclic voltammetry. Under the optimized working conditions, the current response of the immunosensor) was proportional to the concentration of naphthalene in the range of 0.5-100 μg/L with a detection) limit of 0.08 μg/L(r=0.9986). This method was applied to the naphthalene detection in river) water) samples and the recovery was ranging in 94.3%-107.0%. The reported immunosensor exhibited high sensitivity and long-term stability for naphthalene detection, and was easy to be prepared and regenerated.

Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Intestinal Perforation ; complications ; diagnosis ; Mycoses ; complications ; diagnosis

Soybean isoflovone has been found to perform important biologi ca l functions in soybean products. Microbes can transform the soybean isoflavone from low active form to high active form, and further to inactive metabolites. This is helpful to preserve the active components during intake or production of the soybean healthy foods.

To evaluate the ultrasound imaging characteristics and diagnostic criteria for acute abdominal Meckel's di- verticulum disease (MD), we retrospectively analyzed the ultrasonic characteristics, clinical data of 58 cases of pathologically proved MD from January 2009 to May 2012. We found that among all the 58 patients, 21 patients were diagnosed with the preoperative clinical diagnosis of MD. Fourteen cases of MD inflammation with acute appendicitis were evaluated by pathological examinations after the surgery. We also found 4 cases of MD with perforation, 15 cases of MD with intussusceptions, 14 cases MD with intestinal obstruction, 5 cases of MD secondary to intestinal obstructionor intestinal necrosis, and 5 cases of MD without any obvious complications. Emergency ultrasound examinations revealed 8 cases of simple MD, 1 case of MD with intussusceptions, 9 cases of MD with acute appendicitis, 12 cases of MD with intestinal obstruction, 2 cases of MD with intussusceptions and intestinal obstruction, 1 case of MD with omphalocele and 1 case of MD with abdominal abscess. The emergency sonographic findings suggested that MD was relatively fixed bowel or thick-walled cystic mass, with one end connected to small intestine, and the other end connected to the blind side, at the periumbilicus region or at the lower right abdomen. A conclusion could be drawn that MD is difficult to be detected by ultrasound (detection rate was about 15. 5%), and MD with complications such as intussusceptions, intestinal obstruction, acute appendicitis can usually be more easily detected (detection rates were 24.1%, 24.1% and 15.5%, respectively). Sonography is a simple, effective way to make diagnosis and differential diagnosis of MD with different acute abdomen symptoms from other disease.
Acute Disease ; Appendicitis ; pathology ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Intestine, Small ; pathology ; surgery ; Meckel Diverticulum ; diagnostic imaging ; surgery ; Retrospective Studies ; Ultrasonography