Objective To study the correlation between amino terminal B-type natriuretic peptide precursor(NT-proBNP) and risk factors of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) with elder patients.Methods One hundred and twenty-eight ACS patients were divided into unstable angina pectoris (UAP) group with 52 samples,ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) group with 35 samples and non-ST elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) group with 41 samples.Meanwhile 45 healthy elder people were adopted as control group.Firstly,the subjects of blood pressure,body mass index (BMI) and smoking numbers were measured.Secondly,venous blood was collected to assay NT-proBNP,cardiac troponin Ⅰ (cTn Ⅰ),homocysteine (Hcy),blood-lipoids and C-reactive protein(CRP).Lastly,ultrasonic cardiogram was used to test left ventricular end diastolic diameter(LVEDD),left ventricular end systolic diameter (LVESD) and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF).In addition,correlation analysis was researched between NT-proBNP and other factors.Results NT-proBNP levels of UAP,STEMI and NSTEMI groups were significantly higher than the control group ((794.18±182.64) ng/L,(872.43±245.67) ng/L,(557.25±163.81) ng/L) and (125.84±59.27) ng/L,P ＜ 0.05).NT-proBNP was positive correlation with systolic blood pressure,diastolic blood pressure,Hcy and CRP (r=0.182,0.176,0.281,0.191;P=0.040,0.043,0.001,0.031),however negative with LVEF(r=-0.247,P =0.005).Conclusion NT-proBNP level is sensitive to monitor ACS variety,and it is significant to test NT-proBNP combining Hcy,CRP,and cTn Ⅰ for diagnosing and treating ACS.

Objective To detect mutations in the OSMR gene in 2 Chinese families with familial primary cutaneous amyloidosis (FPCA),and to analyze their relationship with clinical manifestations.Methods Clinical data were collected from 2 families with FPCA,and genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood samples.PCR was performed to amplify 18 exons and their flanking sequences of the OSMR gene followed by DNA sequencing in 2 probands and their family members.One hundred healthy individuals served as controls.Results In the first family,a heterozygous mutation (c.2081C ＞ T) in exon 15 of the OSMR gene,which leads to a codon change at amino acid position 694 (p.P694L),was identified in the proband,as well as in the other 4 patients.In the second family,a heterozygous mutation (c.1538G ＞A) in exon 11 of the OSMR gene,which causes a codon change at amino acid position 513 (p.G513D),was identified in the other proband and her mother,suggesting the cosegregation of the gene mutation with the disease.None of the above mutations were detected in the healthy family members or controls.Conclusion The heterozygous mutations p.P694L and p.G513D in the OSMR gene may be associated with primary cutaneous amyloidosis.

Objective To investigate the IL‐17A/F and IL‐22 ,the Th17 related cytokine ,in the serum of cryptococcal meningitis patients and its clinical implications .Methods We collected peripheral blood from 22 cryptococcal meningitis patients and 20 matched healthy controls from February 2011 to February 2013 .Then the peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMC)were seperat‐ed with isodensity centrifugation .The RT‐PCR and ELISA were used to detect the mRNA and protein lever of Th17 related cyto‐kine such as IL‐17A ,IL‐17F and IL‐22 .In addition ,the relationship between these cytokines and cerebrospinal fluid characteristics were analyzed .Results The serum concentration of IL‐17A and IL‐22 were much higher than that of healthy controls (P<0 .01) . Their concentration were even higher in patients with poor prognosis factors ,including higher cerebrospinal fluid protein level and cryptococcal antigen titer ,lower cerebrospinal fluid glucose concentration and increased cerebrospinal fluid open pressure .Conclusion IL‐17A and IL‐22 were involved in the pathogenesis of cryptococcal meningitis and may be a potential prognosis biomarker for cryptococcal meningitis.

AlM:To observe the effects of double incision combined surgery of single - stab trabeculectomy and phacoemulsification.
METHODS: Totally 28 cases ( 30 eyes ) with glaucoma and cataract undertook the modified combined surgery of single - stab trabeculectomy and phacoemulsification. After traditional phacoemulsification, cut the bulbar conjunctiva and Tenons capsule from the 11 o'clock to 1 o'clock, then puncture into the anterior chamber in 2mm behind the corneal limbus with 3mm tunnel knife, shaping a 3mm wide, 1/3-1/4 thickness scleral tunnel. Getting into the trabecular tunnel, bite off 3 pieces of trabecular tissue about 1mm × 1mm size. The changes in the imtraocular pressure ( lOP ) and the visual acuity before and after the surgery as well as filtering bleb ( OCT confirmed) and complications were carefully observed in 3-6mo postoperatively.
RESULTS: The postoperative visual acuity in 1wk postoperatively less than 0. 1 was found in 3 eyes, from 0. 1 to 0. 3 was found in 6 eyes,from 0. 3 to 0. 6 in 13 eyes, from 0. 6 to 0. 8 in 8 eyes. One eye had malignant glaucoma, and 8 eyes had cornea edema and slightly fibrin exudation in the pupil area; ln all cases maintained function conjunctival blebs of filtering, OCT confirmed this. lOP remained normal in 28 eyes in 3-6mo follow up, lOP of 2 other eyes could be controlled by anti-glaucoma eye drops.
CONCLUSlON:Double incision combined surgery of single- stab trabeculectomy and phacoemulsification is effective and safe, reduces the postoperative complications and is worthy of promotion.

Objective To compare selenium content in hair samples of children in Kashin-Beck Disease (KBD) areas and control areas,and to provide academic data for KBD control and prevention.Methods In 2011,Longnan,Qingyang,Dingxi City of KDB areas in Gansu Provines were selected as survey point,meanwhile,colleagues of Tianshui City and Lanzhou City were selected as control.Hair samples of children aged between 6 and 12 years were taken from each survey point to determine the hair selenium.After using the nitricperchloric mixed acid to digest the sample,the concentrations of selenium were determined by hydride generator atomic fluorescence spectrometry.Results Two hundred and fifty-four samples from KBD areas and 102 samples from control areas were collected.The hair selenium of KBD areas[(0.22 ± 0.07),(0.22 ± 0.00),(0.20 ± 0.07)mg/kg],were higher than the control areas[(0.32 ± 0.08),(0.42 ±0.11)mg/kg].After comparation of selenium content in every sampling point,we found the range of children's selenium content was relatively narrow in KBD areas (0.08-0.46 mg/kg).The minimum value and the maximum value in KBD areas were lower than that of control areas (0.15-0.51 mg/kg).A totle of 51.1％ (182/356) of children was seriously lack of selenium,the hair selenium content was ＜ 0.25 mg/kg.It was also found that Se content was not significantly different between boys and girls.Conclusions Children's selenium is deficient in KBD areas in Gansu.It is important to ensure salt supplement with selenium for a long period of time and through other ways to increase Selenium intake to control KBD.

Background Neurofilament 200 (NF200) is an indirect indicator of the specific distribution of axons.It reflects the condition of the maintenance of neuronal morphology.Whether NF200 is involved in the damage of the visual pathway after retinal ischemia reperfusion injury (RIRI) should be further examined.Objective The present study was to investigate the expression of NF200 in retinal ganglion cells (RGCs),lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN),superior colliculus and visual cortex following RIRI.Methods Forty SD rats were randomized into the RIRI 1-,2-,3-,4-,6-,8-week groups,sham operation group and control group.Acute intraocular hypertension was induced in the right eye by anterior chamber perfusion of normal saline solution for 60 minutes to elevate the intraocular pressure to 110 mmHg.The animals were sacrificed at different time points for the preparation of the retina,LGN,superior colliculus and visual cortex sections.The expression of NF200 in RGCs,LGN,superior colliculus and visual cortex was assayed by immunohistochemistry.Results The expression level (A value) of NF200 in the RGCs was significantly different among the 8 groups after reperfusion (F =78.855,P =0.000),and that in the 1-week group was significantly lower than in the control group (t =36.563,P＜0.01).In the RIRI 1-week group,the expression of NF200 in the contralateral LGN in the experimental group was significantly lower than that in the control group (t =6.483,P＜0.01).In the 4-week group and 6-week group,the expression of NF200 in the contralateral LGN was significantly higher than that in the control group (t =2.904,4.313,P＜0.01).One week after RIRI,the expression of NF200 in contralateral superior celliculus in the experimental group was significantly lower than that in the control group (t =2.966,P＜0.05),and in the 2-week group,the expression of NF200 in the contralateral superior colliculus was significantly higher than that in the control group (t =7.397,P＜0.01).In the 2-week group,3-week group and 4-week group,the expression of NF200 in bilateral visual cortex was significantly higher in the experimental group than that in the control group (contralateral ∶ t =18.728,18.213,15.088,P＜0.01 ; ipsilateral ∶ t =8.690,5.704,7.805,P＜0.01).Conclusions RIRI can induce axonal damage of RGCs,contralateral LGN,superior colliculus and bilateral visual cortex neurons.

Abstract?AlM: To investigate the effect of zebularine ( Zeb ) loaded Poly ( ethylene glycol ) - block - poly ( ε -caprolactone) methyl ether ( MePEG-PCL) nanoparticles ( NPs) on the viability, attachment, and apoptosis of in vitro cultured lens epithelial cells ( LECs) .?METHODS: In vitro cultured infant human lens tissue HLE B-3 immortalized cells were distributed randomly divided into six groups. Each group was administered with free Zeb 50μmol/L ( ZebF1 group ) , 100μmol/L ( ZebF2 group) , Zeb -loaded MePEG-PCL NPs 50μmol/L ( ZebNP1 group) , Zeb -loaded MePEG-PCL NPs 100μmol/L ( ZebNP2 group) , MePEG-PCL empty NPs( NPs group) or blank medium (group C) respectively. A tetrazolium dye assay ( MTT) test and modified MTT test were performed to determine cell viability and cell attachment. DNA ladder was used to detect the cell apoptosis.?RESULTS: Determined by MTT colorimetric method:Cell proliferation rate of LECs were suppressed by all Zeb administration groups in a concentration-time dependent manner (P<0. 05). Compared with the free Zeb groups, the viability of LECs were suppressed more effectively by the same dose of Zeb loaded MePEG-PCL NPs after 24, 48, 96h ( P < 0. 05 ). Determined by improved MTT colorimetric method: The attachment of LECs were decreased in all Zeb administration groups, Zeb loaded MePEG-PCL NPs had better effect on suppressing the attachment of LECs than the free Zeb groups with same dose (P<0. 05). The DNA ladder confirmed that after administration of 96h, group C, NPs group and ZebF1 group showed no DNA fragment, however the DNA fragment were performed in ZebF2, ZebNP1, ZebNP2 groups and displays the trend of ZebNP2> ZebNP1>ZebF2 (P<0. 05).?CONCLUSlON: Zeb loaded MePEG-PCL NPs had better effect on suppressing the viability and attachment of in vitro cultured LECs than the free Zeb groups , as well as enhancing the apoptosis.

AlM:To study and investigate the change situation of trace elements and body comprehensive immune state of patients with viral keratitis.METHODS:Sixty-two patients with viral keratitis in our hospital from December 2011 to February 2014 were selected as observation group, 62 healthy persons with health education at the same time were the control group, then the serum and tear Zn, Cu, cellular immunity and erythrocyte immunity of two groups were compared, and the detection results of observation group with different types and severity degree were compared.RESULTS:The serum and tear Zn of observation group was all lower than that in control group, serum and tear Cu was higher than that in control group, cellular immunity and erythrocyte immunity indexes were all worse than that in control group, the detection results of observation group with mild, moderate and severe infection had significant differences (P<0. 05), while the detection results of observation group with herpes simplex keratitis and herpes zoster keratitis had no significant differences (P>0. 05).CONCLUSlON: The change of trace elements and body comprehensive immune state of patients with viral keratitis are obvious, and the severity degree for the detection levels of keratitis are greater.

Objective To study the effect of fluoride on bone metabolism in rats, and to understand the mechanism of pathogenesis of skeletal fluorosis. Methods A total of 80 Wistar rats were randomly divided into 4 groups that included control group (distilled water), low-dose group(NaF, 50 mg/L), medium-dose group (NaF,100 mg/L) and high-dose group(NaF, 150 mg/L), respectively. After being bred for 12 weeks, the rats were put to death (etherization). Incidence of dental fluorosis was estimated, and serum was collected. Radioimmunoassay was employed to detect the levels of osteocalcin (BGP), parathyroid hormone (PTH) and calcitonin (CT), respectively.Colorimetry method was employed to determine the levels of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and acid phosphatase (ACP). Results Incidence of dental fluorosis between the four groups was significantly different statistically(x2 =82.81 ,P ＜ 0.01 ). The incidence was significantly different(x2 = 22.67, 40.00, 40.00, all P＜ 0.01 ) between low-dose ( 80%, 16/20), medium-dose ( 100%, 20/20), high-dose groups ( 100%, 20/20) and control group (0,0/20),respectively. Serum levels of BGP, PTH, CT were significantly different between the groups(F = 38.614, 20.778,3.023, P ＜ 0.01 or ＜ 0.05). There was no significant difference between the four.groups of ALP and ACP in serum (F = 0.609,2.895, all P ＞ 0.05 ). Serum BGP in low-dose, medium-dose and high-dose groups[ ( 19.60 ± 12.79),(33.41 ± 10.81 ), (39.46 ± 9.51 )mg/L, respectively] was significantly higher than that of the control group[ (7.35 ± 3.22)mg/L, all P ＜ 0.01 ]. Serum PTH in low-dose, medium-dose and high-dose groups[ (72.27 ± 25.38), (67.80 ± 12.01), (106.52 ± 36.37)pmol/L] was significantly higher than that of the control group[(47.08 ± 9.22)pmol/L,all P ＜ 0.01 ]. Serum PTH of the high-dose group was significantly higher than that of the low-dose and the mediumdose groups(all P ＜ 0.01 ). Serum CT in medium-dose and high-dose groups[ ( 13.39 ± 2.07), ( 15.05 ± 4.77)pmol/L ] was significantly lower than that of the control group[ (26.06 ± 28.31 ) pmol/L, all P ＜ 0.05 ] and also significantly lower than that of the low-dose group [ (24.49 ± 14. 10) pmol/L, all P ＜ 0.05 ]. Conclusions Fluoride affects bone metabolism in rats, BGP, PTH and CT play a key role in the pathogenesis of skeletal fluorosis.

To explore the effect of Kudiezi injection on renal function in the real world, in order to provide the basis for the clinical medication safety. Patient aged between 18-80 were selected from 18 large hospitals information system (HIS) databases established by clinical research institute for basic traditional Chinese medicine of China academy of Chinese medical sciences. The patients who were treated with Kudiezi injection (24 225 cases) were defined as the exposed group, whereas those who were not treated with Kudiezi injection (14,191 cases) were defined as the non-exposed group. The propensity score method was used to balance the confounding factors. Classic logistic regression, GBM weighted propensity score logistic regression, GBM propensity score weighted logistic regression with covariate and sensitivity analysis were adopted to study the effect of Kudiezi injection on renal function. The results showed no significant difference in the possibility in abnormality in serum creatinine (Scr) (P = 0.940, 0.679, 0.834) and urea nitrogen (BUN) (P = 0, 0.045, 0.164) between both groups. Therefore, the existing data indicated no damage of Kudiezi injection on renal function. Because this study is a retrospective study based on the real world, there may be unknown confounding factors and potential bias. Therefore, further studies shall be conducted to monitor whether Kudiezi injection causes damage on renal function, in order to ensure the clinical medication safety.
Blood Urea Nitrogen ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; adverse effects ; Hospital Information Systems ; Humans ; Injections ; Kidney ; drug effects ; physiology ; Kidney Function Tests ; Logistic Models ; Propensity Score ; Retrospective Studies