The aim of this study was to detect the localization and level of tyrosine phosphorylated proteins during in vitro capacitation of guinea pig sperm. Sperm from mature guinea pigs were incubated in modified TALP under 5% CO_2 in air at 37 ℃. The capacitation effect was assessed by chlortetracycline (CTC) staining. Western blotting and indirect immunofluorescence were used to analyze the level and localization of tyrosine phosphorylation. The results showed that guinea pig sperm underwent a time-dependent increase in protein tyrosine phosphorylation during the in vitro capacitation and the percentage of protein tyrosine phosphorylated sperm increased from 36% to 92% from the beginning of incubation to 7h incubation. Also, there was a shift in the site of phosphotyrosine-specific fluorescence from the head of sperm to both the head and the flagellum of sperm. Moreover, there were three proteins phosphorylated in this experiment. After 0 to 0.5h incubation, the protein of 40kDa was detected by anti-phosphotyrosine monoclonal antibody, and the intensity of this protein increased in the following incubation. Then, after 1h incubation, another protein of 80kDa was found and the level of this protein reached the highest point at 3h. Also, in 3h incubation, a protein of 45kDa was detected and the intensity of this protein increased in the following incubation.

The seeds of Rabdosia rubescens were as the materials to research the impacts of different lead (Pb2+) concentrations(0, 135, 270, 540, 1 080 mg x L(-1)) on seed germination and seedling growth. The results show that: Low concentration of lead had no obvious effect on early germination of the seed, the germination vigor and germination speed were lightly higher but not significantly differed at the level of Pb concentration 135 mg x L(-1) with control group; Mid-high concentration of Pb solution (270-1 080 mg x L(-1)) significantly inhibited the seed germination and seedling growth, which reduced the seed germination rate, germination vigor, germination index, embryo root length and shoot length, growth index with increasing of Pb concentrations. There was a inhibitory effect on embryo shoot length and root length at mid-high lead concentrations stress, and stronger inhibitory effect on root , which was more sensitive than shoot to Pb stress(P < 0.05). Pb bioaccumulation coefficient (BC) was 0.76-2.59, increased with concentration of Pb; Pb enrichment in seedling mainly caused the growth inhibition. The fitting model predictive analyses show, the critical concentration of Pb, which causes the germination rate and biomass fresh weight reducing 10%, is 195.18, 101.65 mg x L(-1).
Germination ; drug effects ; Isodon ; drug effects ; growth & development ; Lead ; toxicity ; Seedlings ; growth & development ; Seeds ; growth & development ; Stress, Physiological

Objective To investigate the relationship between white blood cell count,neutrophils ratio and erythrocyte sedimentation rate and short outcomes among patients with acute ischemic stroke at admission to the hospital.Methods A total of 2675 acute ischemic stroke patients were included in this study.Data on demographic characteristics,life style,history of disease,white blood cell count( WBC),neutrophils ratio(NEUR),erythrocyte sedimentation rate(ESR) and clinical outcomes were collected for all the participants.Poor clinical outcome was defined as neurologic deficiency (NIHSS≥5) at discharge or death during hospitalization.Results White blood cell count,neutrophils ratio and erythrocyte sedimentation rate were higher in patients with poor outcome than m those without clinical outcome.According to the quartile range,WBC,NEUR and ESR were divided into four levefs at admission.After adjustment for multivariate,compared with WBC≤5.6 × 109/L,the odds ratio (95％ confidence intervals) of poor outcome with ≥8.7 × 109/L was 1.883 (1.306-2.716).When compared with NEUR≤0.56,the odds ratio (95％ confidence intervals) of poor outcome with 0.57-0.64 and with ≥0.74 were 1.572 (1.002-2.466) and 2.577 ( 1.698-3.910),respectively.When compared with ESR≤4 mm/h,the odds ratio (95％ confidence intervals) of poor outcome with ≥17 mm/h was 2.426 (1.233-4776).Elevated WBC count and NEUR at admission were significantly and positively associated with poor clinical outcomes among patients with acute ischernic stroke (trend test P＜0.05).Elevated ESR was not significantly or positively associated with poor clinical outcomes among patients with acute ischemic stroke (trend test P＞0.05).Conclusion There appeared associations between WBC,NEUR,ESR and poor outcome among patients with acute ischemic stroke at admission to the hospital.Both elevated WBC count and NEUR showed significantly positive association with poor clinical outcomes among patients with acute ischemic stroke at admission.

Objective To establish a noninvasive prenatal testing(NIPT) method based on the chromosome specific site sequencing instead of the conventional whole genome sequencing.Methods Blood plasma samples from 200 pregnant women with known fetus karyotypes were collected.First,the specific loci on chromosome 13,18 and 21 were selected by the database filter.Then,these specific loci were captured by probes,and were performed sequencing.Finally,chromosome aneuploidy was identified by the Z-score.ResultsSeven fetuses with 21-trisomy syndrome,3 with 18-trisomy syndrome and 1 with 13-trisomy syndrome were detected by the chromosome specific site sequencing,and the results were accordant with those of the whole genome sequencing method.Conclusion The NIPT method based on the chromosome specific site sequencing has the advantages of low cost and high throughput,which may replace the NIPT method based on the whole genome sequencing.

Objective: To summarize the clinical application patterns in acupuncture-moxibustion treatment of AD by reviewing the clinical literatures on acupuncture-moxibustion for Alzheimer disease (AD) published between January 2009 and December 2019. Methods: China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang Academic Journal Full-text Database (Wanfang), Chongqing VIP Database (CQVIP), Chinese Medicine Acupuncture-moxibustion Information Database, PubMed Medical Data Retrieval Service System, Springer Database and Ovid Technologies (OVID) were retrieved to screen clinical studies of acupuncture-moxibustion treatment of AD according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria to conduct quantitative, clustering and association analyses. Results: In acupuncture-moxibustion treatment of AD, the frequently used points were Baihui (GV 20), Zusanli (ST 36), Sishencong (EX-HN 1), Taixi (KI 3), Sanyinjiao (SP 6), and Neiguan (PC 6) in the descending order. Regarding meridians, the most frequently used one was the Governor Vessel, followed by the Stomach Meridian of Foot Yangming and Gallbladder Meridian of Foot Shaoyang. From the perspective of body regions, the points in the head-face region and the lower-limb region had the highest frequencies, followed by the upper-limb, back and chest-abdomen regions. The point group, Baihui (GV 20) and Sishencong (EX-HN 1)-Neiguan (PC 6)-Sanyinjiao (SP 6), showed the most significant association, and the group winning the second place was Baihui (GV 20) and Sishencong (EX-HN 1)-Neiguan (PC 6)- Zusanli (ST 36). The clustering analysis showed that the commonly used point pairs included Zusanli (ST 36)-Sishencong (EX-HN 1) and Taixi (KI 3)-Sanyinjiao (SP 6), which were closely associated with Baihui (GV 20). By analyzing the three commonly used acupuncture-moxibustion methods, acupuncture plus medication was found achieving the best result in the total effective rate and mini-mental state examination (MMSE) score, followed by monotherapy of electroacupuncture therapy, and these two methods were superior to acupuncture alone (P<0.05); the scores of MMSE, Alzheimer disease assessment scale-cognitive section (ADAS-cog) and activity of daily living scale (ADL) showed significant improvements after treatment (all P<0.01). Conclusion: In the acupuncture-moxibustion prescriptions for AD, the main points are Baihui (GV 20), Sishencong (EX-HN 1), Neiguan (PC 6), Zusanli (ST 36), Sanyinjiao (SP 6) and Taixi (KI 3). Monotherapy of acupuncture has the highest frequency amongst the treatment methods, but its effective rate is lower than that of acupuncture plus medication and monotherapy of electroacupuncture.

Objective To investigate the relationship between apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values and histopathological grading of cerebral gliomas.Methods A retrospective analysis was performed to investigate the clinical data of 76 patients with cerebral gliomas,admitted to our hospital from April 2013 to December 2016.According to Classification Criteria of Central Nervous System Tumors by WHO in 2016,these 76 patients were divided into low grade cerebral glioma group (grading Ⅰ-Ⅱ,n=21),moderate grade cerebral glioma group (grading Ⅲ,n=23) and high grade cerebral glioma group (grading Ⅳ,n=32).MR imaging,enhanced MR imaging and diffusion weighted imaging (3.0T,b value:1000 s/mm2) were performed to detect the ADC values.One-way ANOVA was used to compare ADC values between the 3 different histopathological groups.Spearman correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between histopathological grading of cerebral gliomas and ADC values.A receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis was performed to evaluate the diagnostic efficiency of ADC values.Results The ADC values of low grade,moderate grade and high grade cerebral gliomas were (1.37±0.26)×103 mm2/s,(0.97±0.11)×103 mm2/s,(0.75±0.13)×10-3 mm2/s,respectively;statistically significant differences were observed between each two groups (P＜0.05).There was a negative correlation between ADC values and histopathological grading of cerebral gliomas (r=-0.868,P=-0.000).ROC analysis showed that the optimal cutoff point of ADC values was 1.11 × 10.3 mm2/s in diagnosing low grade cerebral gliomas,enjoying sensitivity and specificity of differential diagnosis of 95.2％ and 96.4％;ROC curve showed that the optimal cutoffpoint of ADC values was 0.93×10-3 mm2/s in diagnosing high cerebral gliomas,enjoying sensitivity and specificity of differential diagnosis of 81.8％ and 93.7％.Conclusion ADC values are important for predicting histopathological grading of cerebral gliomas.

Objective: To observe the intervention effect of auricular point sticking on dry eye in myopia patients after small-incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) surgery.Methods: This was a prospective randomized controlled study conducted among the myopia patients who received SMILE surgery at Eye and ENT Hospital of Fudan University. The post-SMILE operation patients who screened by the inclusion and exclusion criteria were randomized into a control group and a treatment group. Patients in the control group were given 0.1％ fluorometholone and 0.5％ carboxymethylcellulose sodium eye drops, while the treatment group was given additional unilateral auricular point sticking for 1 month. The patients were estimated using ocular surface disease index (OSDI), Schirmer tear test-1 (STT-1), tear film break-up time (TF-BUT), corneal fluorescein staining (CFS) score, corneal sensitivity (CS) and visual quality (VQ) at 1 d, 1 week and 1 month after surgery; the changes in anxiety and depression were also observed in the patients. Results: Compared with the first day after operation, CS in the nasal region was improved in the treatment group, and the VQ score increased in the control group patients at 1 week after operation (both P<0.05); at 1 month after operation, the TF-BUT increased, CFS score decreased, CS in the central and nasal regions increased (all P<0.05), and VQ score increased (P<0.01) in the treatment group, and the CS in the central, upper, lower and nasal regions were improved (all P<0.05), and VQ score increased (P<0.01) in the control group. The between-group comparison showed that the differences in the change of TF-BUT were statistically significant at 1 week and 1 month after surgery, respectively (both P<0.05). Conclusion: Auricular point sticking therapy can increase the TF-BUT and accelerate the repair of ocular surface function in post-SMILE patients.

OBJECTIVETo assess the value of fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and bacterial artificial chromosome FISH (BAC-FISH) for the diagnosis for patients with marker chromosomes.

METHODSSixteen patients with marker chromosomes were analyzed with technologies including GTG-banding, Q-banding, multiplex FISH and BAC-FISH.

RESULTSThe marker chromosomes in the 16 patients were verified as der(Y) (2 cases), psu dic(Y) (1 case), psu dic(15) (1 case), dic(15) (1 case), del(Y) (1 case), r(X) (5 cases), i(14 or 22) (2 cases), i(18) (1 case).

CONCLUSIONFISH and BAC-FISH can both verify the origin of marker chromosomes and provide accurate information for the diagnosis and treatment of patients.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; Chromosome Aberrations ; Female ; Genetic Diseases, Inborn ; diagnosis ; genetics ; Genetic Markers ; genetics ; Humans ; In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence ; methods ; Male ; Young Adult

In intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT), it is time-consuming to repeatedly adjust the objectives manually to obtain the best tradeoff between the prescribed dose of the planning target volume and sparing the organs-at-risk. Here we propose a new method to realize automatic multi-objective IMRT optimization, which quantifies the clinical preferences into the constraint priority list and adjusts the dose constraints based on the list to obtain the optimal solutions under the dose constraints. This method contains automatic adjustment mechanism of the dose constraint and automatic voxel weighting factor-based FMO model. Every time the dose constraint is adjusted, the voxel weighting factor-based FMO model is launched to find a global optimal solution that satisfied the current constraints. We tested the feasibility and effectiveness of this method in 6 cases of cervical cancer with IMRT by comparing the original plan and the automatic optimization plan generated by this method. The results showed that with the same PTV coverage and uniformity, the automatic optimization plan had a better a dose sparing of the organs-at-risk and a better plan quality than the original plan, and resulted in obvious reductions of the average V45 of the rectum from (41.99∓13.31)% to (32.55∓22.27)% and of the bladder from (44.37∓4.08)% to (28.99∓15.25)%.

OBJECTIVETo establish the association between the geometric anatomical characteristics of the patients and the corresponding three-dimensional (3D) dose distribution of radiotherapy plan via feed-forward back-propagation neural network for clinical prediction of the plan dosimetric features.

METHODSA total of 25 fixed 13-field clinical prostate cancer intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT)/stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) plans were collected with a prescribed dose of 50 Gy. With the distance from each voxel to the planned target volume (PTV) boundary, the distance from each voxel to each organ-at-risk (OAR), and the volume of PTV as the geometric anatomical characteristics of the patients, the voxel deposition dose was used as the plan dosimetric feature. A neural network was used to construct the correlation model between the selected input features and output dose distribution, and the model was trained with 20 randomly selected cases and verified in 5 cases.

RESULTSThe constructed model showed a small model training error, small dose differences among the verification samples, and produced accurate prediction results. In the model training, the point-to-point mean dose difference (hereinafter dose difference) of the 3D dose distribution was no greater than 0.0919∓3.6726 Gy, and the average of the relative volume values corresponding to the fixed dose sequence in the DVH (hereinafter DVH difference) did not exceed 1.7%. The dose differences among the 5 samples for validation was 0.1634∓10.5246 Gy with percent dose differences within 2.5% and DVH differences within 3%. The 3D dose distribution showed that the dose difference was small with reasonable predicted dose distribution. This model showed better performances for dose distribution prediction for bladder and rectum than for the femoral heads.

CONCLUSIONWe established the relationships between the geometric anatomical characteristics of the patients and the corresponding planning 3D dose distribution via feed-forward back-propagation neural network in patients receiving IMRT/SBRT for the same tumor site. The proposed model provides individualized quality standards for automatic plan quality control.