ObjectiveTo study the role of alpha smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) positive cells (pericytes)in early myocardial ischemia.MethodsThirty healthy female Wistar rats were randomly divided by body weight into normal control group and subcutaneous multi-point injection of isoprenaline(Isp) group.Five rats were anesthetized after 0,2,4,6,12,24 and 48 h in each group.Blood was taken in eyeballs and,serum was separated,heart was taken and fixed in 4％ paraformaldehyde solution.The myocardial enzymes [serum apartate aminotransferase ( AST ),lactate dehydrogenase (LDH),creatine kinase (CK),creatine kinase isoenzymes (CK-MB)] were determined by biochemical automatic analyzer,the expression of α-SMA and vimentin in myocardial tissue was detected by immunohistochemical staining and changes of pericytes in early myocardial ischemia was observed by morphometric analysis.ResultsThe level of myocardial enzymes AST[(160.25 ± 3.86),(172.60 ± 8.82),(192.20 ± 25.35)U/L],and LDH[(1466.25 ± 643.38),(1645.20 ± 326.83),(1701.60 ± 640.06)U/L],12,24 and 48 h after subcutaneous injection of Isp,were higher than that[(129.18 ± 19.65),(849.45 ± 248.54)U/L,all P ＜ 0.05] of the control group.The level of CK[(1097.60 ± 301.57),(1247.20 ± 243.84),(1263.75 ± 271.22),(1448.00 ± 647.00),(1268.40 ± 479.81)U/L],and CK-MB[(217.12 ± 35.89),(229.08 ± 97.11),(251.70 ± 46.82),(318.80 ±77.76),(249.04 ±:98.54)U/L],4,6,12,24 and 48 h after subcutaneous injection of Isp,were higher than that [(713.45 ± 146.30),(147.05 ± 25.75)U/L,all P ＜ 0.05] of the control group.The number of α-SMA positive cells(61.00 ± 17.25),4 h after Isp injection,was significantly increased compared with that(28.20 ± 5.81,18.20 ± 2.17) of 24 and 48 h after Isp injection.The number of α-SMA positive cells in 48 h group was less than that(50.00 ± 3.61,P ＜ 0.05) of 6 h group.The number of vimentin positive cells in 6,12,24,48 h groups (4.17 ± 2.49,5.24 ± 2.84,8.37 ± 2.18,7.73 ± 2.49) were higher than that(1.88 ± 1.85,2.21 ± 1.54) of the control group and 4 h group(all P ＜ 0.05).Compared with 24 and 48 h groups,the level of vimentin protein was increased in 6 and 12 h groups(P ＜ 0.05).ConclusionThe number of pericytes in early myocardial ischemia is higher than that of other mesenthymal cells,and pericytes may be the main effector cells in the generation and development of myocardial fibrosis.

Field studies were conducted for a season to determine potential for alterations in the rhizosphere fungi quantity dynamics and dominant populations of 4 wild sugarcane clones(S.spontaneum L.) with different UV-B sensitivity under an enhanced ultraviolet-B(UV-B,280 nm～310 nm) radiation.The quantity of rhizosphere fungi was most in tillering stage,second in seedling stage and lest in elongating stage and maturing stage,the sequence wasn’t alternated by UV-B radiation.The rhizosphere fungi quantity of tolerant clone was obviously increased and greater than the sensitive clone under the enhanced UV-B radiation,however,the number of dominant populations decreased and Penicillium was the dominant population during the periods of 4 wild sugarcane clones.

Objective To investigate the expression of Mta-1 in bladder transitional cell carcinoma (BTCC)and to analyze its correlation with the clinical staging,pathologic grading,metastasis and recur- rence,and to explore the possible molecular mechanisms.Methods Samples of 42 cases of BTCC and 12 normal bladder mueosa tissues were examined with immunohistochemical analysis for the expression of Mta- 1,ER,u-PA and PAI-1.Endothelial cells were stained by anti-CD34,and microvascular density(MVD)of carcinoma tissue was calculated.The correlation of Mta-1 expression with the invasion,metastasis,angiogene- sis and recurrence of BTCCs was analyzed;and the correlation of Mta-1 expression with ER,u-PA,PAI-1,and MVD was also analyzed.Results The positive rate of Mta-1 expression in BTCCs was 73.8%(31/42) , while it was 0.0% in normal bladder mucosa tissues(P＜0.01).The expression level of Mta-l increased with the higher clinical stages and pathologic grades of BTCCs;it was higher in recurrence group(100.0% , 15/15)than in non-recurrence group(59.3%,16/27),and high in metastasis group(100.0%,14/14) than in non-metastasis group(60.7%,17/28)(P＜0.05).The expression level of ER increased with the lower clinical stages and pathologic grades of BTCCs;the positive rate of ER expression was 0.0% in 14 ca- ses with metastasis and was 53.6% in 13 of 28 cases without metastasis(P＜0.05);and the rate was 6.7% in 1 of 15 cases with recurrence and 44.4% in 12 of 27 cases without recurrence(P＜0.05).Negative cor- relation was found between Mta-1 and ER expression(r=-0.739,P＜0.01).The positive rate of u-PA ex- pression(59.5%,25/42)was significantly higher in BTCCs than that in normal bladder mucosa tissues (16.7%,2/12)(P＜0.05).Positive correlation was found between u-PA and Mta-1 expression(r= 0.875),while negative correlation was found between u-PA and PAI-1 expression(r=-0.535).The posi- tive rate of PAI-1 expression in normal bladder mucosa tissues(50.0%,6/12)was significantly higher than that in BTCCs(19.0%,8/42)(P＜0.05).In addition,negative correlation was found between PAI-1 and Mta-1 expression(r=-0.706).And positive correlation was found between MVD in BTCCs marked by an- ti-CD34 and Mta-1 expression(r=0.683).Conclusions Mta-1 is highly expressed in BTCCs,and it correlates closely with tumor pathologic grades,clinical stages,recurrence and metastasis.Mta-1 up-regulates the expression of u-PA and down-regulates that of PAI-1,which is associated with invasion and metastasis and acts as an angiogenic mediator in BTCCs.A negative correlation is found between Mta-1 and ER in inva- sion and metastasis of BTCCs.

The importance and feasibility was analyzed of the teaching BBS for aiding classroom teaching based on campus network. The design, technique, content, advantages and deficiencies were presented of agricultural microbiology teaching BBS. The prospect also was discussed of teaching BBS based on campus network in this paper.

AIM To prepare nanosuspensions of flavonoids from Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma and to determine the in vitro dissolution rate.METHODS Precipitation-high pressure homogenization method was adopted in the preparation of nanosuspensions.With mean particle size and polydispersity index (PDI) as evaluation indices,concentrations of flavonoids,povidone K30 (PVP K30) and polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG 400) as influencing factors,central composite design-response surface method was applied to optimizing the preparation.For the freedried powder prepared by freeze-drying method,the optimal kind and ratio of lyoprotectant were screened.Then the in vitro dissolution rates of freeze-dried powder and physical mixture were compared.RESULTS The optimal conditions were determined to be 10.00 mg/mL for flavonoids' concentration,and 2.30 mg/mL for both PVP K30 and PEG 400 concentrations,the mean particle size and PDI were (172.3 ± 1.2) nm and 0.175 ± 0.004,respectively.The optimal lyoprotectant was 5％ mannitol-lactose (3 ∶ 2),the mean particle size and PDI after redissolution were (239.7 ±2.1) nm and 0.193 ±0.032,respectively.The in vitro dissolution rate of lyoprotectant reached 87.7％ within 60 min,which was much higher than that of physical mixture (less than 30％).CONCLUSION Nanosuspension can effectively improve the in vitro dissolution rate of flavonoids from Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma.

Animals ; Autoimmune Diseases ; drug therapy ; immunology ; Cytokines ; biosynthesis ; Immunohistochemistry ; Ligands ; Myocarditis ; drug therapy ; immunology ; NF-kappa B ; metabolism ; PPAR gamma ; analysis ; physiology ; Prostaglandin D2 ; analogs & derivatives ; therapeutic use ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred Lew