Objective To determine the involvement of DNA demethylation in tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)-induced matrix metalloproteinase 9 ( MMP9) expression in human epidermal keratinocytes. Methods Real-time RT-PCR, Western blot, and enzyme-linked immuno sorbent assay (ELISA) were performed to determine the mRNA and protein levels of MMP9 after human keratinocyte cell line (HaCaT) cells were treated with 10 ng/ ml TNF-α or 2. 5 μmol/ L DAC/ 300 nmol/ L TSA. Bisulfite sequencing PCR ( BSP) and Methylation-sensitive high-resolution melt analysis ( Ms-HRM) were used to detect significantly differentially demethylated CpG sites in the human MMP9 promoter region in cells exposed to TNF-α. Different sites methylation constructs of promoter-luciferase reporter gene were made to detect the influences of site-specific DNA demethylation on transcription activity of MMP9 promoter. Results Compared with PBS-treated control, TNF-α significantly increased the expression of MMP9 in HaCaT cells for indicated culture duration ( P < 0. 05 ). Real time PCR, Western blot, and ELISA analysis demonstrated that the mRNA and protein levels of MMP9 were increased initially, followed by a decline with prolonged incubation time. After TNF-α treatment, varied degrees of DNA demethylation occurred at 10 CpG sites in the promoter of MMP9, and the changes at the -36 bp site were statistically significant (P<0. 05). The demethylation at the -36 bp site greatly increased the transcription activity of MMP9. Conclusion TNF-α promotes MMP9 expression in HaCaT cells through inducing -36 bp site DNA demethylation on the promoter of MMP9.

This study analyzed the current clinical terminology standardization, systematization research status of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM). The previous version of the TCM clinical term system had some problems including imperfect classification structure, unclear relationship between concepts and so on, which made the TCM clinical terminology system(TCMCTS) difficult to support the clinical practice of TCM. The suggestions for system improvement were using ontology method to build TCMCTS concept model bases on the previous researches and data extracted from TCM clinical electronic medical record, and top-level-ontology accordance with ISO standards. The study also tried to summarize the ‘semantic network between classes’ through semantic relationships.

OBJECTIVE:To know the status quo of clinical pharmacy in main hospitals of Jiangsu province primarily,and to provide reference for promoting the construction of clinical pharmacist system and playing active role of clinical pharmacists on rational drug use and pharmaceustical care.METHODS:A mailed questionnaire investigation was conducted among 28 committee members (coming from 28 hospitals) of the Clinical Pharmacy Branch of the Medical Association in Jiangsu Province regarding the status quo of the clinical pharmacy practice,and the correlated data and results were summarized to statistical analysis.RESULTS:A total of 28 questionnaires were distributed and 28 valid questionnaires were collected,with recovery rate of 100％.Among 28 hospitals,there were 25 general hospitals and 26 third grade class A hospitals.There were 312 full-time and part-time clinical pharmacists;there were 7.32 full-time clinical pharmacists and 3.82 part-time clinical pharmacists in each visited hospital;the proportion of full-time clinical pharmacists with master's degree and intermediate title was significantly higher than that of part-time clinical pharmacists (P＜0.05).There were 144 full-time clinical pharmacists who had been trained to obtain clinical pharmacists qualifications (70.24％).In 13 hospitals with the qualification of clinical pharmacist training base of National Health and Family Planning Commission (NHFPC),the average number of teachers was 3.77;in 5 hospitals with the qualification of provincial clinical pharmacist training base,the average number of teachers was 5.80;in a hospital with the qualification of clinical pharmacist training base of NHFPC,the number of teachers was 5.The surveyed hospital had the highest proportion of clinical pharmacy related work to participate in daily physician rounds,doctor's advice and prescription review,special review of antibiotics,drug record writing,pharmaceutical information service,outpatient drug consultation and ADR monitoring,all being 100％.Expert consultation clinic occupied the lowest proportion of clinical pharmacy work (10.71％).Setting up pharmacy for operation and anaesthesia department (28.57％),community pharmaceutical care (57.14％),pharmacogenomic testing (46.43％) and participating in the management of drug clinical trials (53.57％) occupied the lower proportion of clinical pharmacy related work.The proportion of clinical pharmacy work in training base hospital was higher than that non-training base hospital.Compared to surveyed hospitals,there was statistical significance in the proportion of special review for antineoplastic drugs,hormone drugs and blood products,expert consultation,setting up pharmacy for operation and anaesthesia department,community pharmaceutical care,pharmacogenomic testing and participating in the management of drug clinical trials in provincial clinical pharmacist training base (P＜0.05).There was statistical significance in the number of specialist consultation,case analysis,inpatient injection medical orders,check pharmacy intravenous admixture medical orders and checked outpatient prescriptions,varieties and number of monitored therapeutic drugs as well as case number of pharmacogenomic testing (P＜0.05).CONCLUSIONS:It is suggested to strengthen the construction of clinical pharmacist team in third grade class A hospital in Jiangsu province,accelerate the transition of part-time clinical pharmacists,at the same time,further improve the development of clinical pharmacy related work.

The policies of healthcare big data and their common and respective characteristics in USA, Britain, France, Japan, Republic of Korea, and Singapore were analyzed in aspects of their strategic planning, infrastruc-ture construction, R&D of key technologies, professional training, and privacy protection with 5 suggestions put for-ward for improving the policies of healthcare big data in China , namely transforming thinking , establishing opera-tional systems, working out construction criteria, building platform for big data sharing, and attaching importance to professional training .

Objective To design a set of feasible program of data monitor based on the database's security of the "No.1 Military Medical Project" in many years of running successful operation to enhance safety audit of database.Methods The system was consisted with date's collection of active and passive for safety information,preservation of backup data,and analysis of credibility dictionaries and auditing.Results The complete processing program of network security monitor which could form alarm message and advance corresponding disposal plans was came into being and its better reliability.Conclusion By using the way,the question of the "No.1 Military Medical Project" in database monitoring is solved in network environment and ensured safe operation of database,the network security of the "No.1 Military Medical Project" system is promoted.

OBJECTIVETo study the hepatitis B virus (HBV) genotype and its relation to clinical degree and responsiveness to antiviral therapy on hepatitis in order to guide the clinical therapy.

METHODSWe amplified HBV S gene by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), using the second-round PCR product, which was digested by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP). This genotype method was designed under the analysis of the restriction fragment length polymorphism and using the restriction enzymes that identified the genotype-specific sequences. Five restriction enzymes, Hph I , Nci I , Alw I, Ear I and NlaIV, were identified in genotype-specific RFLP from the S gene region. Representative sequences from the S genome region of each HBV genotype were aligned to show the restriction sites by the five restriction enzymes. The amplified S gene nucleotide sequences were sequenced by dideoxy-chain-termination method and the corresponding amino acid sequence was deduced using DNASIS software. Later, they were genotyped by comparing to representative S gene sequences obtained from GenBank. This confirmed the results of RFLP HBV genotyping methods, coincident with that of S gene sequence.

RESULTSGenotypes A, B, C, D were classified in 216 patients with HBV and DNA positive. The results showed that: 1 case (0.46%) of genotype A, 19 cases genotype B (8.8% ), 175 genotype C (81.02%) and 21 genotype D (9.72%). A total of 86 patients in the hospital were divided into either genotype C cases (69) or non-genotype C cases (17).

CONCLUSIONGenotype C was the major genotype in Changchun. Among HBV patients, type C was 80.95%, followed by genotypes B and D. Both hepatocellular carcinoma and liver cirrhosis showed relations with genotype C.

Antiviral Agents ; pharmacology ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; virology ; Drug Resistance, Viral ; Genotype ; Hepatitis B ; drug therapy ; Hepatitis B virus ; classification ; drug effects ; genetics ; Humans ; Liver Cirrhosis ; virology ; Liver Neoplasms ; virology ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length

The self-designed experimental teaching method is introduced in detail in this paper,including the preparative work before class,discussion of experimental designing proposal,and accomplishment of specific experiment and so on.The teaching method innovations on pathophysiology experiment are very helpful to cultivate the students' ability to solve practical problem and lay the foundation to cultivate talented medical science personal.

In order to explore the dormancy physiological and biochemical mechanism of Paris seeds, the seed embryo growth courses, and the dynamic change of 5 enzymes, include SOD, POD, CAT, MDH, G-6-PDH were measured during variable temperature stratification. The results indicated that Paris seeds embryo grew quickly after 40 d in warm-stratification (18 ± 1) °C, at the meantime the metabolic activity was significantly strengthened. These facts showed that Paris seeds turned into physiological after-ripening process. After 60-80 d, the morphological embryo after-ripping process basically completed, and the following cold-stratification (4 ± 1) °C furthered Paris seed to finish physiological after-ripening. After 40 d, the activity of MDH decreased while G-6-PDH increased significantly. This showed that the main respiratory pathway of seed changed from TCA to PPP, which benifited breaking seed dormancy. In the whole period of stratification process, the activity variation of SOD and CAT was insignificantly and the activity of POD was enhanced significantly after shifting the seed in cold stratification process. This showed that SOD, CAT had no direct effects on breaking Paris seed dormancy but keeping the seed vigor, while the POD might involve in the process of Paris seed dormancy breaking.
Germination ; Liliaceae ; chemistry ; embryology ; enzymology ; Plant Proteins ; metabolism ; Seeds ; chemistry ; enzymology ; growth & development ; Temperature

To explore one-step method for the preparation of Ganoderma lucidum multicomponent microemulsion, according to the dissolution characteristics of triterpenes and polysaccharides in Ganoderma lucidum, formulation of the microemulsion was optimized. The optimal blank microemulsion was used as a solvent to sonicate the Ganoderma lucidum powder to prepare the multicomponent microemulsion, besides, its physicochemical properties were compared with the microemulsion made by conventional method. The results showed that the multicomponent microemulsion was characterized as (43.32 +/- 6.82) nm in size, 0.173 +/- 0.025 in polydispersity index (PDI) and -(3.98 +/- 0.82) mV in zeta potential. The contents of Ganoderma lucidum triterpenes and polysaccharides were (5.95 +/- 0.32) and (7.58 +/- 0.44) mg x mL(-1), respectively. Sonicating Ganoderma lucidum powder by blank microemulsion could prepare the multicomponent microemulsion. Compared with the conventional method, this method is simple and low cost, which is suitable for industrial production.

ObjectiveTo investigate the relationship between HLA-DRB1 alleles and chronic urticaria with positive autologous serum skin test (ASST) in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region.MethodsASST was conducted in 144 patients with chronic urticaria,who were subsequently divided into two groups according to the test result:positive group (n =62) and negative group (n =82).PCR amplification with sequence-specific primers was used to determine the genotypes of HLA-DRB1 alleles in the patients and 199 normal human controls.Chi-square test was performed to analyse the difference in the frequency of HLA-DRB1 alleles between the 3 groups by using the SPSS 13.0 statistical software package.ResultsThere were significant differences in the frequency of HLA-DRB1*01,*1401 and *16 alleles among the patients with positive and negative ASST and the controls (x2 =10.92,Pc =0.032;x2 =35.34,Pc ＜ 0.01 ;x2 =12.69,Pc =0.032).Paired comparison revealed significant differences in the frequency of HLA-DRB1*1401 allele between the patients with positive ASST and controls(RR =17.09,Pc ＜ 0.01 ) as well as between the patients with positive and negative ASST (RR =7.20,Pc ＜ 0.01).ConclusionHLA-DRB1*1401 allele may be,or be linked to,the predisposing gene of chronic urticaria with positive ASST in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region.